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These two children in Mtubatuba, South Africa, face the grim prospect of growing up in a region that has one of the highest HIV prevalence rates in the world, with nearly one in four pregnant women in nearby Hlabisa now testing positive for the virus. But so far, they have an advantage over many other children in the province known as KwaZulu-Natal: They have an obviously healthy mother, who works in this sugarcane field.

(Photograph by Malcolm Linton)

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)