This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 20 March 2009: 1535.
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Editorial:
The Enlightenment Returns

Kurt Gottfried and Harold Varmus
Science 20 March 2009: 1538.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 20 March 2009: 1539.
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Science Podcast

Science 20 March 2009: 1620.
Summary: The 20 March 2009 show includes how the Sun's corona gets so hot, the power of neighborly advice, deep brain stimulation, and more. Full Text »|   Transcript »|  

NEW PRODUCTS

Science 20 March 2009: 1620.
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News of the Week

GLOBAL WARMING: Projections of Climate Change Go From Bad to Worse, Scientists Report

Eli Kintisch
Science 20 March 2009: 1546-1547.
Summary: Eleven universities convened the Copenhagen Climate Congress last week in hopes of providing a comprehensive picture of the status of world climate science before another set of delegates meets here in December to hammer out a follow-up to the 1997 Kyoto Accords, which expire in 2012. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES: Senate Majority Leader Hands NSF a Gift to Serve the Exceptionally Gifted

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 20 March 2009: 1548.
Summary: Buried in the $410 billion federal spending measure enacted last week is a congressional earmark that gives the National Science Foundation $3 million this year "to establish a mathematical institute devoted to the identification and development of mathematical talent." Full Text »|   PDF »|  

PUBLIC HEALTH: Stronger Research Just One Item on Drug Agency's Wish List

Jennifer Couzin
Science 20 March 2009: 1549.
Summary: President Barack Obama's nominees for commissioner and deputy commissioner of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Margaret Hamburg and Joshua Sharfstein, will inherit an agency with fragmented authority and funding that has been stumbling from one crisis to the next. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ARCHAEOLOGY: Recipe for Rice Domestication Required Millennia

Michael Balter
Science 20 March 2009: 1550.
Summary: On page 1607 of this week's issue of Science, archaeologists argue that rice remains from a 7000-year-old site in the Yangtze delta point to a later and slower domestication than has often been claimed. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

SOLAR PHYSICS: Unseen Link May Solve the Mystery of the Sun's Superhot Corona

Richard A. Kerr
Science 20 March 2009: 1551.
Summary: On page 1582 of this week's issue of Science, solar physicists watching the sun from the ground in unprecedented detail report observing energy piped upward toward the corona in the form of curious, twisty magnetic waves that have never before been detected on the sun. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

SCIENCENOW.ORG: From Science's Online Daily News Site

Science 20 March 2009: 1551.
Summary: Highlights from Science's online daily news site, ScienceNOW, this week include a superconductor with a split personality, self-medicating caterpillars, and evidence that our solar system has always preferred left-handed amino acids. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

OBAMA EXECUTIVE ORDER: For Congress and NIH, Headaches Ahead on Stem Cells

Constance Holden
Science 20 March 2009: 1552-1553.
Summary: With his long-awaited 9 March executive order lifting restrictions on federal funding for stem cell research, President Barack Obama has opened the door to some political fighting as nasty as any that has been seen so far on the subject of research with human embryonic stem cells. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

AUSTRALIA: Stem Cell Center Looks to Recast Itself in Supporting Role

Elizabeth Finkel
Science 20 March 2009: 1552-1553.
Summary: The Australian Stem Cell Centre, a controversial experiment in speeding the commercialization of stem cell research, plans to turn away from its much-criticized commercial focus and recharge its research effort. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

SCIENCEINSIDER: From the Science Policy Blog

Science 20 March 2009: 1553.
Summary: Science's policy blog, ScienceInsider, reported this week on the latest attack on a scientist by animal-rights extremists and meetings on funding geoengineering research, ways to help Iraqi scientists and academics, and the status of world climate science. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Random Samples

Science 20 March 2009: 1543.
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Newsmakers

Science 20 March 2009: 1545.
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News Focus

NEUROPSYCHIATRY: Rewiring Faulty Circuits in the Brain

Greg Miller
Science 20 March 2009: 1554-1556.
Summary: A wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders seems to respond to deep brain stimulation--but how does it work, and where will it lead? Full Text »|   PDF »|   Podcast Interview »|  

NEWSMAKER INTERVIEW: A Lifetime of Work Gone to Waste?

Dan Charles
Science 20 March 2009: 1557.
Summary: One scientist who helped lead the effort to characterize the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository talks about the latest setback. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

CONSERVATION BIOLOGY: Exxon Valdez Turns 20

Lila Guterman
Science 20 March 2009: 1558-1559.
Summary: Twenty years ago this week, the worst oil spill in U.S. history struck Alaskan waters. Researchers are still asking: Has the ecosystem recovered? Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Letters

 Pandemic Influenza: An Inconvenient Mutation

Scott P. Layne, Arnold S. Monto, and Jeffery K. Taubenberger
Science 20 March 2009: 1560-1561.
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 Romanian Expatriates Face Career Obstacles

Zeno Simon
Science 20 March 2009: 1561.
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 Reversible Exploration Not Worth the Cost

Samuel C. Schon
Science 20 March 2009: 1561.
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 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 20 March 2009: 1561.
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Books et al.

ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH: Humans Need Biodiversity

David P. Mindell
Science 20 March 2009: 1562-1563.
Summary: Examining topics such as ecosystem services, medicines, biomedical research, infectious diseases, and food production, the contributors offer a thorough summary of the importance of biodiversity to well-being. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

FUTUROLOGY: A Crystal Ball for Our Blue Planet

Giovanni F. Bignami
Science 20 March 2009: 1563.
Summary: The authors discuss the challenges to life on Earth and how we might meet them. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Books Received

Science 20 March 2009: 1563.
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Policy Forum

MEDICINE: Monitoring and Regulating Offshore Stem Cell Clinics

Sorapop Kiatpongsan and Douglas Sipp
Science 20 March 2009: 1564-1565.
Summary: Unverified medical treatments based on stem cells are proliferating and need oversight. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Perspectives

MATERIALS SCIENCE: Flexible Electronics

Byron D. Gates
Science 20 March 2009: 1566-1567.
Summary: Inkjet printing of metal wires yields bendable electrical connections for use in flexible electronic devices. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

IMMUNOLOGY: Two-in-One Designer Antibodies

Paul W. H. I. Parren and Dennis R. Burton
Science 20 March 2009: 1567-1568.
Summary: An antibody is engineered to recognize two different proteins with high affinity, opening the door to improved combination therapies for cancers and infections. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: Dynamic DNA Methylation

Julie A. Law and Steven E. Jacobsen
Science 20 March 2009: 1568-1569.
Summary: The methylation of DNA during plant development is a much more dynamic process than previously assumed. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

PHYSICS: Fullerides in a Squeeze

Erio Tosatti
Science 20 March 2009: 1570-1571.
Summary: The superconducting behavior of very different materials--fullerides and cuprates--could have more in common than previously believed. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

MATERIALS SCIENCE: Stiffer Than Steel

John D. W. Madden
Science 20 March 2009: 1571-1572.
Summary: A new material is as light as air and expands like rubber, yet is stiffer than steel by weight. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

CHEMISTRY: Copper Puts Arenes in a Hard Position

Robert E. Maleczka Jr.
Science 20 March 2009: 1572-1573.
Summary: Copper catalysts enable substitution reactions on a benzene ring to occur at positions that normally are unfavorable. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Brevia

Flagellum Mediates Symbiosis

Takefumi Shimoyama, Souichiro Kato, Shun'ichi Ishii, and Kazuya Watanabe
Science 20 March 2009: 1574.
A bacterium uses its flagellum to grip its archaeal symbiotic partner and to stimulate hydrogen consumption. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

Giant-Stroke, Superelastic Carbon Nanotube Aerogel Muscles

Ali E. Aliev, Jiyoung Oh, Mikhail E. Kozlov, Alexander A. Kuznetsov, Shaoli Fang, Alexandre F. Fonseca, Raquel Ovalle, Márcio D. Lima, Mohammad H. Haque, Yuri N. Gartstein, Mei Zhang, Anvar A. Zakhidov, and Ray H. Baughman
Science 20 March 2009: 1575-1578.
Applying a high voltage to very low density sheets of carbon nanotubes causes rapid expansion in one direction. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Spinal Cord Stimulation Restores Locomotion in Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease

Romulo Fuentes, Per Petersson, William B. Siesser, Marc G. Caron, and Miguel A. L. Nicolelis
Science 20 March 2009: 1578-1582.
Epidural stimulation of spinal neural pathways produces specific shifts in activity in neural circuits affecting movement. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Alfvén Waves in the Lower Solar Atmosphere

David B. Jess, Mihalis Mathioudakis, Robert Erdélyi, Philip J. Crockett, Francis P. Keenan, and Damian J. Christian
Science 20 March 2009: 1582-1585.
A special type of plasma wave has been observed that can heat the solar atmosphere to millions of degrees Celsius. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  Podcast Interview »|  

The Disorder-Free Non-BCS Superconductor Cs₃C₆₀ Emerges from an Antiferromagnetic Insulator Parent State

Yasuhiro Takabayashi, Alexey Y. Ganin, Peter Jeglic, Denis Arcon, Takumi Takano, Yoshihiro Iwasa, Yasuo Ohishi, Masaki Takata, Nao Takeshita, Kosmas Prassides, and Matthew J. Rosseinsky
Science 20 March 2009: 1585-1590.
A well-ordered body-centered cubic phase of Cs₃C₆₀ reveals a pressure-driven transition from an insulator to a superconductor. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Omnidirectional Printing of Flexible, Stretchable, and Spanning Silver Microelectrodes

Bok Y. Ahn, Eric B. Duoss, Michael J. Motala, Xiaoying Guo, Sang-Il Park, Yujie Xiong, Jongseung Yoon, Ralph G. Nuzzo, John A. Rogers, and Jennifer A. Lewis
Science 20 March 2009: 1590-1593.
Published online 12 February 2009 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1168375] (in Science Express Reports)
Colloidal silver particles can be formed into flexible electrodes of arbitrary shape in three dimensions. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Meta-Selective Copper-Catalyzed C–H Bond Arylation

Robert J. Phipps and Matthew J. Gaunt
Science 20 March 2009: 1593-1597.
A copper catalyst functionalizes benzene derivatives at ring positions complementary to those accessed by standard methods. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Burgess Shale Anomalocaridid Hurdia and Its Significance for Early Euarthropod Evolution

Allison C. Daley, Graham E. Budd, Jean-Bernard Caron, Gregory D. Edgecombe, and Desmond Collins
Science 20 March 2009: 1597-1600.
Hurdia, a Cambrian fossil, clarifies the morphology and evolution of early arthropod limbs and head. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Role for RNAi in the Selective Correction of DNA Methylation Defects

Felipe Karam Teixeira, Fabiana Heredia, Alexis Sarazin, François Roudier, Martine Boccara, Constance Ciaudo, Corinne Cruaud, Julie Poulain, Maria Berdasco, Mario F. Fraga, Olivier Voinnet, Patrick Wincker, Manel Esteller, and Vincent Colot
Science 20 March 2009: 1600-1604.
Published online 29 January 2009 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1165313] (in Science Express Reports)
An RNA interference–dependent DNA methylation rescue system helps to preserve a subset of DNA methylation marks in Arabidopsis. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Genetic Incompatibility Drives Sex Allocation and Maternal Investment in a Polymorphic Finch

Sarah R. Pryke and Simon C. Griffith
Science 20 March 2009: 1605-1607.
Female Gouldian finches bias the sex of their offspring on the basis of their partner's color phenotype. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Domestication Process and Domestication Rate in Rice: Spikelet Bases from the Lower Yangtze

Dorian Q Fuller, Ling Qin, Yunfei Zheng, Zhijun Zhao, Xugao Chen, Leo Aoi Hosoya, and Guo-Ping Sun
Science 20 March 2009: 1607-1610.
Remains of domestic and wild rice trace the process of rice domestication in China to between 6900 and 6600 years ago. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Variants of the Antibody Herceptin That Interact with HER2 and VEGF at the Antigen Binding Site

Jenny Bostrom, Shang-Fan Yu, David Kan, Brent A. Appleton, Chingwei V. Lee, Karen Billeci, Wenyan Man, Franklin Peale, Sarajane Ross, Christian Wiesmann, and Germaine Fuh
Science 20 March 2009: 1610-1614.
The antigen binding site of a therapeutic antibody for cancer simultaneously binds two proteins required for tumor growth. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Ankyrin-G Promotes Cyclic Nucleotide–Gated Channel Transport to Rod Photoreceptor Sensory Cilia

Krishnakumar Kizhatil, Sheila A. Baker, Vadim Y. Arshavsky, and Vann Bennett
Science 20 March 2009: 1614-1617.
The assembly and function of key photoreceptor proteins in neonatal mouse retinas is mediated by the protein ankyrin-G. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Surprising Power of Neighborly Advice

Daniel T. Gilbert, Matthew A. Killingsworth, Rebecca N. Eyre, and Timothy D. Wilson
Science 20 March 2009: 1617-1619.
A stranger's reaction to a social situation is a more accurate guide to our own reaction than is a written description of the situation. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  Podcast Interview »|