This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 8 June 2007: 1389.
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Editorial:
New Cooperation in East Asia

Hiroshi Nagano and Christopher T. Hill
Science 8 June 2007: 1393.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 8 June 2007: 1395.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 8 June 2007: 1503.
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News of the Week

STEM CELLS: Teams Reprogram Differentiated Cells--Without Eggs

Constance Holden
Science 8 June 2007: 1404-1405.
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STEM CELLS: Reprogramming, Take Two

Constance Holden
Science 8 June 2007: 1404.
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ACADEMIC TENURE: MIT Colleague Quits to Protest Sherley Dismissal

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 8 June 2007: 1405.
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COSMOLOGY: Gravity Distorts Big Bang Afterglow, Opening New Window on Cosmos

Adrian Cho
Science 8 June 2007: 1407.
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MONGKOL NA SONGKHLA INTERVIEW: Thai Health Minister Defends Controversial Drug-Patent Policy

Richard Stone
Science 8 June 2007: 1408.
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SAUDI ARABIA: Graduate University Launched With $10 Billion Endowment

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 8 June 2007: 1409.
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CONSERVATION BIOLOGY: Whales (Mostly) Win at Whaling Commission Meeting

Virginia Morell
Science 8 June 2007: 1411.
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ScienceScope

Science 8 June 2007: 1407.
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Random Samples

Science 8 June 2007: 1401.
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Newsmakers

Science 8 June 2007: 1403.
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News Focus

CLIMATE CHANGE: Pushing the Scary Side of Global Warming

Richard A. Kerr
Science 8 June 2007: 1412-1415.
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ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: A New Take on Tau

Jean Marx
Science 8 June 2007: 1416-1417.
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SMALLPOX VACCINE: A Tame Virus Runs Amok

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 8 June 2007: 1418-1419.
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210TH MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY: Black Holes: Galactic Homebodies?

Tom Siegfried
Science 8 June 2007: 1420.
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210TH MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY: Exoplanet Jackpot Shows Astronomers Are Looking for Worlds in All the Right Places

Tom Siegfried
Science 8 June 2007: 1420-1421.
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210TH MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY: 'Pristine' Galaxy Gives a Glimpse of Purity

Tom Siegfried
Science 8 June 2007: 1421.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 8 June 2007: 1422.
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 Adult Versus Embryonic Stem Cells: Treatments

Shane Smith, William Neaves, Steven Teitelbaum;, David A. Prentice, and Gene Tarne
Science 8 June 2007: 1422-1423.
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 Making Singapore a Research Hub

Cong Cao
Science 8 June 2007: 1423-1424.
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 Making Data on Iraqi Mortality Rates Available

Gilbert Burnham, Shannon Doocy, and Les Roberts
Science 8 June 2007: 1424-1425.
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 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 8 June 2007: 1425.
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Books et al.

EVOLUTION: God as Genetic Engineer

Sean B. Carroll
Science 8 June 2007: 1427-1428.
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EVOLUTION: A Multilevel Exploration

David Jablonski
Science 8 June 2007: 1428-1430.
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Books Received

Science 8 June 2007: 1430.
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Policy Forum

SCIENCE AND SECURITY: Practical Experiences in Dual-Use Review

E. Megan Davidson, Richard Frothingham, and Robert Cook-Deegan
Science 8 June 2007: 1432-1433.
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Perspectives

PHYSICS: Cracking the Supersolid

Philip Phillips and Alexander V. Balatsky
Science 8 June 2007: 1435-1436.
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PHYSIOLOGY: Sister Act

David D. Moore
Science 8 June 2007: 1436-1438.
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BIOPHYSICS: Long Live Electronic Coherence!

William W. Parson
Science 8 June 2007: 1438-1439.
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GEOPHYSICS: Listening to the Crackle of Subducting Oceanic Plates

Andreas Rietbrock
Science 8 June 2007: 1439-1440.
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ATMOSPHERE: Deglaciation Mysteries

Ralph F. Keeling
Science 8 June 2007: 1440-1441.
Published online 10 May 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1142326] (in Science Express Perspectives)
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: Site-Seeing by Sequencing

Stanley Fields
Science 8 June 2007: 1441-1442.
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Review

Imaging Atomic Structure and Dynamics with Ultrafast X-ray Scattering

K. J. Gaffney and H. N. Chapman
Science 8 June 2007: 1444-1448.
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Brevia

Expansion of Industrial Logging in Central Africa

Nadine T. Laporte, Jared A. Stabach, Robert Grosch, Tiffany S. Lin, and Scott J. Goetz
Science 8 June 2007: 1451.
Satellite images from 1973 to 2003 document the expansion of logging in tropical African forests and show that logging road construction is accelerating. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

Evolution and Development of Inflorescence Architectures

Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz, Yvette Erasmus, Brendan Lane, Lawrence D. Harder, and Enrico Coen
Science 8 June 2007: 1452-1456.
Published online 24 May 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1140429] (in Science Express Research Articles)
A combination of modeling and experiments explains why certain types of flower clusters are likely to be found in nature while others are absent. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Marine Radiocarbon Evidence for the Mechanism of Deglacial Atmospheric CO₂ Rise

Thomas M. Marchitto, Scott J. Lehman, Joseph D. Ortiz, Jacqueline Flückiger, and Alexander van Geen
Science 8 June 2007: 1456-1459.
Published online 10 May 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1138679] (in Science Express Research Articles)
Carbon-14 dates from a sediment core imply that Pacific deep waters stored CO₂ during glacial times and then vented it as deglaciation started, accelerating the temperature rise. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Monochromatic Electron Photoemission from Diamondoid Monolayers

W. L. Yang, J. D. Fabbri, T. M. Willey, J. R. I. Lee, J. E. Dahl, R. M. K. Carlson, P. R. Schreiner, A. A. Fokin, B. A. Tkachenko, N. A. Fokina, W. Meevasana, N. Mannella, K. Tanaka, X. J. Zhou, T. van Buuren, M. A. Kelly, Z. Hussain, N. A. Melosh, and Z.-X. Shen
Science 8 June 2007: 1460-1462.
Self-assembled layers of diamondoids, clusters of nanodiamonds with exposed hydrogens, efficiently emit electrons at one particular energy. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Coherence Dynamics in Photosynthesis: Protein Protection of Excitonic Coherence

Hohjai Lee, Yuan-Chung Cheng, and Graham R. Fleming
Science 8 June 2007: 1462-1465.
Spectroscopy reveals that two electronically excited domains in a bacterial photosynthetic reaction center are kept in phase by the protein to promote efficient energy transfer. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Stepwise Quenching of Exciton Fluorescence in Carbon Nanotubes by Single-Molecule Reactions

Laurent Cognet, Dmitri A. Tsyboulski, John-David R. Rocha, Condell D. Doyle, James M. Tour, and R. Bruce Weisman
Science 8 June 2007: 1465-1468.
Electron-hole pairs diffuse across semiconducting carbon nanotubes, visiting thousands of sites before they are quenched in a light-producing reaction. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Seismic Evidence for Deep-Water Transportation in the Mantle

Hitoshi Kawakatsu and Shingo Watada
Science 8 June 2007: 1468-1471.
Seismic images show how water flows on the surface of a subducting slab into the deep mantle beneath northeastern Japan. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Global Prevalence of Double Benioff Zones

Michael R. Brudzinski, Clifford H. Thurber, Bradley R. Hacker, and E. Robert Engdahl
Science 8 June 2007: 1472-1474.
In all 15 of Earth's subduction zones--not just a few, as previously thought--earthquakes occur in two parallel regions, on top of the descending plate and within it. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Meta-Analysis of Effects of Bt Cotton and Maize on Nontarget Invertebrates

Michelle Marvier, Chanel McCreedy, James Regetz, and Peter Kareiva
Science 8 June 2007: 1475-1477.
A meta-analysis of 41 studies shows that fields of cotton or corn containing a transgenic insecticide harbor lower populations of certain invertebrates compared to untreated fields. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

An Ancient Mechanism Controls the Development of Cells with a Rooting Function in Land Plants

Benoît Menand, Keke Yi, Stefan Jouannic, Laurent Hoffmann, Eoin Ryan, Paul Linstead, Didier G. Schaefer, and Liam Dolan
Science 8 June 2007: 1477-1480.
A transcription factor that controls formation of hair-like organs in haploid mosses was co-opted to form a nonhomologous but functionally similar organ in diploid land plants. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Polony Multiplex Analysis of Gene Expression (PMAGE) in Mouse Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Jae Bum Kim, Gregory J. Porreca, Lei Song, Steven C. Greenway, Joshua M. Gorham, George M. Church, Christine E. Seidman, and J. G. Seidman
Science 8 June 2007: 1481-1484.
Covering beads with multiple copies of a sequence tag allows precise measurement of RNA expression and can detect as little as one molecule of messenger RNAs in three cells. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

RNA Maps Reveal New RNA Classes and a Possible Function for Pervasive Transcription

Philipp Kapranov, Jill Cheng, Sujit Dike, David A. Nix, Radharani Duttagupta, Aarron T. Willingham, Peter F. Stadler, Jana Hertel, Jörg Hackermüller, Ivo L. Hofacker, Ian Bell, Evelyn Cheung, Jorg Drenkow, Erica Dumais, Sandeep Patel, Gregg Helt, Madhavan Ganesh, Srinka Ghosh, Antonio Piccolboni, Victor Sementchenko, Hari Tammana, and Thomas R. Gingeras
Science 8 June 2007: 1484-1488.
Published online 17 May 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1138341] (in Science Express Reports)
Analysis of all the RNA transcribed from the human genome reveals three new classes of RNA that may be functionally important. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Common Allele on Chromosome 9 Associated with Coronary Heart Disease

Ruth McPherson, Alexander Pertsemlidis, Nihan Kavaslar, Alexandre Stewart, Robert Roberts, David R. Cox, David A. Hinds, Len A. Pennacchio, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Aaron R. Folsom, Eric Boerwinkle, Helen H. Hobbs, and Jonathan C. Cohen
Science 8 June 2007: 1488-1491.
Published online 3 May 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1142447] (in Science Express Reports)
About one of every four Caucasians carry a sequence variation at a regulatory region of chromosome 9 that confers an elevated risk of heart disease. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Common Variant on Chromosome 9p21 Affects the Risk of Myocardial Infarction

Anna Helgadottir, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Andrei Manolescu, Solveig Gretarsdottir, Thorarinn Blondal, Aslaug Jonasdottir, Adalbjorg Jonasdottir, Asgeir Sigurdsson, Adam Baker, Arnar Palsson, Gisli Masson, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Kristinn P. Magnusson, Karl Andersen, Allan I. Levey, Valgerdur M. Backman, Sigurborg Matthiasdottir, Thorbjorg Jonsdottir, Stefan Palsson, Helga Einarsdottir, Steinunn Gunnarsdottir, Arnaldur Gylfason, Viola Vaccarino, W. Craig Hooper, Muredach P. Reilly, Christopher B. Granger, Harland Austin, Daniel J. Rader, Svati H. Shah, Arshed A. Quyyumi, Jeffrey R. Gulcher, Gudmundur Thorgeirsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Augustine Kong, and Kari Stefansson
Science 8 June 2007: 1491-1493.
Published online 3 May 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1142842] (in Science Express Reports)
About one of every four Caucasians carry a sequence variation at a regulatory region of chromosome 9 that confers an elevated risk of heart disease. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Attenuation of Allergic Contact Dermatitis Through the Endocannabinoid System

Meliha Karsak, Evelyn Gaffal, Rahul Date, Lihua Wang-Eckhardt, Jennifer Rehnelt, Stefania Petrosino, Katarzyna Starowicz, Regina Steuder, Eberhard Schlicker, Benjamin Cravatt, Raphael Mechoulam, Reinhard Buettner, Sabine Werner, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Thomas Tüting, and Andreas Zimmer
Science 8 June 2007: 1494-1497.
Endogenous cannabinoids released from neurons usually inhibit allergic skin responses; in mice in which they are absent, allergic reactions are exacerbated. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Genome-Wide Mapping of in Vivo Protein-DNA Interactions

David S. Johnson, Ali Mortazavi, Richard M. Myers, and Barbara Wold
Science 8 June 2007: 1497-1502.
Published online 31 May 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1141319] (in Science Express Reports)
Chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing identify the nearly 2000 specific DNA binding sites for a neuronal transcription factor. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

Comment on "From Plant Traits to Plant Communities: A Statistical Mechanistic Approach to Biodiversity"

Stephen H. Roxburgh and Karel Mokany
Science 8 June 2007: 1425.
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Comment on "From Plant Traits to Plant Communities: A Statistical Mechanistic Approach to Biodiversity"

Christian O. Marks and Helene C. Muller-Landau
Science 8 June 2007: 1425.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Response to Comments on "From Plant Traits to Plant Communities: A Statistical Mechanistic Approach to Biodiversity"

Bill Shipley, Denis Vile, and Éric Garnier
Science 8 June 2007: 1425.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|