This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 6 April 2007: 13.
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Editorial:
A Two-Pronged Climate Strategy

Rosina M. Bierbaum and Peter H. Raven
Science 6 April 2007: 17.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 6 April 2007: 19.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 6 April 2007: 128.
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News of the Week

MUSEUM MANAGEMENT: Turnover at the Top, but Problems Persist at the Smithsonian

Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 6 April 2007: 30-31.
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HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS: Design Flaw Could Delay Collider

Adrian Cho
Science 6 April 2007: 31-34.
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PHYSICS: Attosecond Laser Pulses Illuminate Fleeting Dance of Electrons

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 6 April 2007: 33.
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PALEOANTHROPOLOGY: Hobbit's Status as a New Species Gets a Hand Up

Ann Gibbons
Science 6 April 2007: 34.
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U.S. COMPETITIVENESS: Chemistry Reports Warn of Eroding American Research Lead

Robert F. Service
Science 6 April 2007: 35.
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AVIAN INFLUENZA: Indonesia to Share Flu Samples Under New Terms

Dennis Normile
Science 6 April 2007: 37.
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ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT: Appointee 'Reshaped' Science, Says Report

Erik Stokstad
Science 6 April 2007: 37.
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ScienceScope

Science 6 April 2007: 33.
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Random Samples

Science 6 April 2007: 27.
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Newsmakers

Science 6 April 2007: 29.
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News Focus

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH: An Asian Tiger's Bold Experiment

Dennis Normile
Science 6 April 2007: 38-41.
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PUBLIC HEALTH: Hard Data on Hard Drugs, Grabbed From the Environment

John Bohannon
Science 6 April 2007: 42-44.
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ANIMAL BEHAVIOR: The World Through a Chimp's Eyes

Jon Cohen
Science 6 April 2007: 44-45.
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AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY MEETING: Experimenters Agree: You Can Cross Off Flowing Crystals

Adrian Cho
Science 6 April 2007: 46.
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AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY MEETING: Ultrashort Laser Pulses See Inside the Body

Adrian Cho
Science 6 April 2007: 46-47.
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AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY MEETING: Pulling Strings to Untangle Catastrophe

Adrian Cho
Science 6 April 2007: 47.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 6 April 2007: 49.
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 Making Articles Available for Flu Planning

Mitchell Berger
Science 6 April 2007: 49.
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 Pneumococcal Vaccines and Flu Preparedness

Keith P. Klugman and Shabir A. Madhi
Science 6 April 2007: 49-50.
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 Timing of a Back-Migration into Africa

Peter Forster, Valentino Romano;, Anna Olivieri, Alessandro Achilli, Maria Pala, Vincenza Battaglia, Simona Fornarino, Nadia Al-Zahery, Rosaria Scozzari, Fulvio Cruciani, Doron M. Behar, Jean-Michel Dugoujon, Clotilde Coudray, A. Silvana Santachiara-Benerecetti, Ornella Semino, Hans-Jürgen Bandelt, and Antonio Torroni
Science 6 April 2007: 50-53.
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 Speeding Up the EPA Review Process

Marcus Peacock
Science 6 April 2007: 53.
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Books et al.

HISTORY OF SCIENCE: Seeing Is Believing?

Harriet Ritvo
Science 6 April 2007: 54-55.
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MEDICINE: Placebo or Protector?

Rachel A. Ankeny
Science 6 April 2007: 55.
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Books Received

Science 6 April 2007: 55.
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Policy Forum

SCIENCE AND SOCIETY: Framing Science

Matthew C. Nisbet and Chris Mooney
Science 6 April 2007: 56.
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Perspectives

NEUROSCIENCE: Rapid Consolidation

Larry R. Squire
Science 6 April 2007: 57-58.
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BIOCHEMISTRY: Processive Motor Movement

David D. Hackney
Science 6 April 2007: 58-59.
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CHEMISTRY: Roots of Biosynthetic Diversity

David W. Christianson
Science 6 April 2007: 60-61.
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CHEMISTRY: High Bond Orders in Metal-Metal Bonding

Frank Weinhold and Clark R. Landis
Science 6 April 2007: 61-63.
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PHYSICS: So Small Yet Still Giant

Igor V. Lerner
Science 6 April 2007: 63-64.
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APPLIED PHYSICS: Searching for a Solid-State Terahertz Technology

Mark Lee and Michael C. Wanke
Science 6 April 2007: 64-65.
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Review

Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation During the Last Glacial Maximum

Jean Lynch-Stieglitz, Jess F. Adkins, William B. Curry, Trond Dokken, Ian R. Hall, Juan Carlos Herguera, Joël J.-M. Hirschi, Elena V. Ivanova, Catherine Kissel, Olivier Marchal, Thomas M. Marchitto, I. Nicholas McCave, Jerry F. McManus, Stefan Mulitza, Ulysses Ninnemann, Frank Peeters, Ein-Fen Yu, and Rainer Zahn
Science 6 April 2007: 66-69.
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Brevia

Rapid and Recent Changes in Fungal Fruiting Patterns

A. C. Gange, E. G. Gange, T. H. Sparks, and L. Boddy
Science 6 April 2007: 71.
The length of the autumn fruiting season for fungi in forest soil has increased for the past five decades, in parallel with temperature and rainfall increases in the United Kingdom. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

Chimeras of Two Isoprenoid Synthases Catalyze All Four Coupling Reactions in Isoprenoid Biosynthesis

Hirekodathakallu V. Thulasiram, Hans K. Erickson, and C. Dale Poulter
Science 6 April 2007: 73-76.
A synthetic protein made from the four enzymes that synthesize isoprenoids can effectively catalyze all four reactions, suggesting their origin from a common ancestor. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Schemas and Memory Consolidation

Dorothy Tse, Rosamund F. Langston, Masaki Kakeyama, Ingrid Bethus, Patrick A. Spooner, Emma R. Wood, Menno P. Witter, and Richard G. M. Morris
Science 6 April 2007: 76-82.
Rats learn to associate a place with a taste much more rapidly if they have already been given a chance to learn the spatial context of the new location. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Nonstoichiometric Dislocation Cores in -Alumina

N. Shibata, M. F. Chisholm, A. Nakamura, S. J. Pennycook, T. Yamamoto, and Y. Ikuhara
Science 6 April 2007: 82-85.
Electron microscopy reveals that in aluminum oxide, nonstoichiometric dislocations form on adjacent planes and slip together during high-temperature deformation. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Acid Catalysis in Basic Solution: A Supramolecular Host Promotes Orthoformate Hydrolysis

Michael D. Pluth, Robert G. Bergman, and Kenneth N. Raymond
Science 6 April 2007: 85-88.
The electrostatic environment within the cavity of a synthetic metal-ligand cluster enables acid catalysis in a basic solution. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Deep Ocean During the Last Interglacial Period

J. C. Duplessy, D. M. Roche, and M. Kageyama
Science 6 April 2007: 89-91.
North Atlantic Deep Water was warmer during the last interglacial than it is today and probably warmed Antarctic waters, accelerating ice loss and raising sea levels. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Subsurface Radar Sounding of the South Polar Layered Deposits of Mars

Jeffrey J. Plaut, Giovanni Picardi, Ali Safaeinili, Anton B. Ivanov, Sarah M. Milkovich, Andrea Cicchetti, Wlodek Kofman, Jérémie Mouginot, William M. Farrell, Roger J. Phillips, Stephen M. Clifford, Alessandro Frigeri, Roberto Orosei, Costanzo Federico, Iwan P. Williams, Donald A. Gurnett, Erling Nielsen, Tor Hagfors, Essam Heggy, Ellen R. Stofan, Dirk Plettemeier, Thomas R. Watters, Carlton J. Leuschen, and Peter Edenhofer
Science 6 April 2007: 92-95.
Published online 15 March 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1139672] (in Science Express Reports)
Radar mapping of layered deposits at Mars' south pole shows that they are pure water ice, sitting on cratered terrain, with a volume equivalent to a global water layer 11 meters thick. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Synchronized Oscillation in Coupled Nanomechanical Oscillators

Seung-Bo Shim, Matthias Imboden, and Pritiraj Mohanty
Science 6 April 2007: 95-99.
A rich dynamic response, including synchronization and entrainment, is seen when two coupled nanomechanical beams are driven over a range of oscillating frequencies. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Giant Fluctuations of Coulomb Drag in a Bilayer System

A. S. Price, A. K. Savchenko, B. N. Narozhny, G. Allison, and D. A. Ritchie
Science 6 April 2007: 99-102.
Electrons flowing in one thin layer drag electrons in an underlying layer more than expected, implying that local electron properties are important in momentum exchange. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Direct-Current Nanogenerator Driven by Ultrasonic Waves

Xudong Wang, Jinhui Song, Jin Liu, and Zhong Lin Wang
Science 6 April 2007: 102-105.
Through their variable bending, which separates charge, a series of zinc oxide nanowires can convert sound waves to continuous electrical current to power nanoscale devices. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Conserved Family of Enzymes That Phosphorylate Inositol Hexakisphosphate

Sashidhar Mulugu, Wenli Bai, Peter C. Fridy, Robert J. Bastidas, James C. Otto, D. Eric Dollins, Timothy A. Haystead, Anthony A. Ribeiro, and John D. York
Science 6 April 2007: 106-109.
A yeast enzyme is regulated by pH and can both synthesize and metabolize the inositol pyrophosphate IP₆. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Regulation of a Cyclin-CDK-CDK Inhibitor Complex by Inositol Pyrophosphates

Young-Sam Lee, Sashidhar Mulugu, John D. York, and Erin K. O'Shea
Science 6 April 2007: 109-112.
When yeast are starved for the nutrient phosphate, the inositol pyrophosphate IP₇ activates gene expression and a metabolic network for nutrient homeostasis. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Single IGF1 Allele Is a Major Determinant of Small Size in Dogs

Nathan B. Sutter, Carlos D. Bustamante, Kevin Chase, Melissa M. Gray, Keyan Zhao, Lan Zhu, Badri Padhukasahasram, Eric Karlins, Sean Davis, Paul G. Jones, Pascale Quignon, Gary S. Johnson, Heidi G. Parker, Neale Fretwell, Dana S. Mosher, Dennis F. Lawler, Ebenezer Satyaraj, Magnus Nordborg, K. Gordon Lark, Robert K. Wayne, and Elaine A. Ostrander
Science 6 April 2007: 112-115.
Small dogs are small because they carry a particular allele of the gene encoding insulin-like growth factor 1. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Binding of the Human Prp31 Nop Domain to a Composite RNA-Protein Platform in U4 snRNP

Sunbin Liu, Ping Li, Olexandr Dybkov, Stephanie Nottrott, Klaus Hartmuth, Reinhard Lührmann, Teresa Carlomagno, and Markus C. Wahl
Science 6 April 2007: 115-120.
A protein within the particle that assembles mature mRNAs has both RNA and protein binding surfaces, and it achieves binding specificity by acting as a molecular ruler. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

An ATP Gate Controls Tubulin Binding by the Tethered Head of Kinesin-1

Maria C. Alonso, Douglas R. Drummond, Susan Kain, Julia Hoeng, Linda Amos, and Robert A. Cross
Science 6 April 2007: 120-123.
The two-headed motor kinesin is gated by ATP independently of the microtubule along which it moves, contrary to current models of kinesin motion. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

Comment on "Divergent Induced Responses to an Invasive Predator in Marine Mussel Populations"

Paul D. Rawson, Philip O. Yund, and Sara M. Lindsay
Science 6 April 2007: 53.
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Response to Comment on "Divergent Induced Responses to an Invasive Predator in Marine Mussel Populations"

Aaren S. Freeman and James E. Byers
Science 6 April 2007: 53.
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