This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 16 February 2007: 909.
|Full Text »

Editorial:
Sustainable Well-Being

R. K. Pachauri
Science 16 February 2007: 913.
Summary »|   PDF »|  

Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 16 February 2007: 914.
|Full Text »

NEW PRODUCTS

Science 16 February 2007: 1011.
Summary »|   PDF »|  

News of the Week

U.S. ACADEMIA: MIT Hunger Strike: Sour Grapes, or the Bitter Taste of Racism?

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 16 February 2007: 920.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

RESEARCH INTEGRITY: Bubble Fusion Researcher Cleared of Misconduct Charges, but Doubts Linger

Robert F. Service
Science 16 February 2007: 921.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

DATA SHARING: New Swiss Influenza Database to Test Promises of Access

Martin Enserink
Science 16 February 2007: 923.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

DIAGNOSTICS: Amid Debate, Gene-Based Cancer Test Approved

Jennifer Couzin
Science 16 February 2007: 924.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

FAITH AND SCIENCE: In Europe's Mailbag: A Glossy Attack on Evolution

Martin Enserink
Science 16 February 2007: 925.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

U.S. NANOTECHNOLOGY: Health and Safety Research Slated for Sizable Gains

Robert F. Service
Science 16 February 2007: 926.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

U.S. ACADEMIA: Radcliffe Historian Named Harvard President

Andrew Lawler
Science 16 February 2007: 926.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

U.S. RESEARCH FUNDING: Science Adviser Says That Pruning Is the Key to a Healthy Budget

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 16 February 2007: 927.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ScienceScope

Science 16 February 2007: 923.
|Full Text »

Random Samples

Science 16 February 2007: 917.
|Full Text »

Newsmakers

Science 16 February 2007: 919.
|Full Text »

News Focus

CELL BIOLOGY: Cases of Mistaken Identity

Rhitu Chatterjee
Science 16 February 2007: 928-931.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

CELL BIOLOGY: When 60 Lines Don't Add Up

Rhitu Chatterjee
Science 16 February 2007: 929.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

CELL BIOLOGY: A Lonely Crusade

Rhitu Chatterjee
Science 16 February 2007: 930.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

PHYSICS: A Half-Century Late, Alternative Accelerator Takes Off

Edwin Cartlidge
Science 16 February 2007: 933.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ARCHAEOLOGY: Saving a Lost Culture's Megalithic Jars

Richard Stone
Science 16 February 2007: 934-935.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 16 February 2007: 937.
Summary »|   PDF »|  

 A Voice over the Smoke for Academic Freedom

Thomas Jue
Science 16 February 2007: 937.
Full Text »|   PDF »|  

 Debating Evidence for the Origin of Life on Earth

Jeffrey L. Bada, Bruce Fegley Jr., Stanley L. Miller, Antonio Lazcano, H. James Cleaves, Robert M. Hazen, John Chalmers;, Günter Wächtershäuser, and Claudia Huber
Science 16 February 2007: 937-939.
Full Text »|   PDF »|  

 A Clarification on Global Access to Drugs

Andrzej Rys
Science 16 February 2007: 939-940.
Full Text »|   PDF »|  

 Who Is et al.?

Richard McDonald
Science 16 February 2007: 940.
Full Text »|   PDF »|  

 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 16 February 2007: 940.
Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Books et al.

ECOLOGY: Voices from Bird Bones

Jared Diamond
Science 16 February 2007: 941-942.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

PHYSICS: Astronomers' Relativity

Peter Galison
Science 16 February 2007: 942-943.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Books Received

Science 16 February 2007: 943.
Summary »|  

Policy Forum

PUBLIC HEALTH: 911.gov

Ben Shneiderman and Jennifer Preece
Science 16 February 2007: 944.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Perspectives

PHYSICS: Two for the Price of One

Andrew J. Schofield
Science 16 February 2007: 945-946.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ANTHROPOLOGY: Some Like It Hot

Sandra Knapp
Science 16 February 2007: 946-947.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

NEUROSCIENCE: Where Am I?

André A. Fenton
Science 16 February 2007: 947-949.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

COMPUTER SCIENCE: Where Are the Exemplars?

Marc Mézard
Science 16 February 2007: 949-951.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

GEOLOGY: On the Origins of Granites

John M. Eiler
Science 16 February 2007: 951-952.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

BIOMEDICINE: Every Joint Has a Silver Lining

Gary S. Firestein
Science 16 February 2007: 952-953.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Review

Applications of Modern Ferroelectrics

J. F. Scott
Science 16 February 2007: 954-959.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Brevia

Predation Risk Affects Reproductive Physiology and Demography of Elk

Scott Creel, David Christianson, Stewart Liley, and John A. Winnie, Jr.
Science 16 February 2007: 960.
Yellowstone elk have fewer offspring in years in which a predator, the wolf, is more plentiful, demonstrating an indirect cost of antipredator responses. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Article

Pattern Separation in the Dentate Gyrus and CA3 of the Hippocampus

Jill K. Leutgeb, Stefan Leutgeb, May-Britt Moser, and Edvard I. Moser
Science 16 February 2007: 961-966.
Rats code small changes in their surrounding environment by modifying neural activity in the dentate gyrus and code larger differences by activating neurons in an adjacent area. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Experimental Realization of Wheeler's Delayed-Choice Gedanken Experiment

Vincent Jacques, E Wu, Frédéric Grosshans, François Treussart, Philippe Grangier, Alain Aspect, and Jean-François Roch
Science 16 February 2007: 966-968.
A realization of Wheeler's delayed choice gedanken experiment with a single photon affirms the wave-particle duality principle of quantum mechanics. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Multiple Energy Scales at a Quantum Critical Point

P. Gegenwart, T. Westerkamp, C. Krellner, Y. Tokiwa, S. Paschen, C. Geibel, F. Steglich, E. Abrahams, and Q. Si
Science 16 February 2007: 969-971.
Thermodynamic measurements on YbRh₂Si₂, a heavy fermion metal, at ~0 kelvin, reveal the existence of more than one energy scale and thus a new class of quantum criticality. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Clustering by Passing Messages Between Data Points

Brendan J. Frey and Delbert Dueck
Science 16 February 2007: 972-976.
Published online 11 January 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1136800] (in Science Express Reports)
An algorithm that exchanges messages about the similarity of pairs of data points speeds identification of representative examples in a complex data set, such as genes in DNA data. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reversible Concerted Ligand Substitution at Alternating Metal Sites in an Extended Solid

Darren Bradshaw, John E. Warren, and Matthew J. Rosseinsky
Science 16 February 2007: 977-980.
Guest molecules in a porous metal-organic solid can be substituted reversibly for water at up to one-third of the metal centers, while the remaining metal centers provide support. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Magmatic and Crustal Differentiation History of Granitic Rocks from Hf-O Isotopes in Zircon

A. I. S. Kemp, C. J. Hawkesworth, G. L. Foster, B. A. Paterson, J. D. Woodhead, J. M. Hergt, C. M. Gray, and M. J. Whitehouse
Science 16 February 2007: 980-983.
Hafnium and oxygen isotopes in zircon crystals imply that common granites form by recycling crustal material in mantle-derived magmas, not by remelting deep crustal rocks. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Fracture-Controlled Paleo-Fluid Flow in Candor Chasma, Mars

Chris H. Okubo and Alfred S. McEwen
Science 16 February 2007: 983-985.
Bleaching and cementation is seen in fractures and joints that crisscross the layered, sulfate-rich rocks of Candor Chasma on Mars, revealing an ancient hydrologic system. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Starch Fossils and the Domestication and Dispersal of Chili Peppers (Capsicum spp. L.) in the Americas

Linda Perry, Ruth Dickau, Sonia Zarrillo, Irene Holst, Deborah M. Pearsall, Dolores R. Piperno, Mary Jane Berman, Richard G. Cooke, Kurt Rademaker, Anthony J. Ranere, J. Scott Raymond, Daniel H. Sandweiss, Franz Scaramelli, Kay Tarble, and James A. Zeidler
Science 16 February 2007: 986-988.
Microfossils of starch particles show that chili peppers were used not just as food but to add spice to cuisine by 8000 years ago in the New World, even before the use of pottery. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Multipotent Drosophila Intestinal Stem Cells Specify Daughter Cell Fates by Differential Notch Signaling

Benjamin Ohlstein and Allan Spradling
Science 16 February 2007: 988-992.
Stem cell daughters in the Drosophila intestine can take on one of three identities; this choice is controlled by the activation level of a common developmental receptor. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Polymerizing Actin Fibers Position Integrins Primed to Probe for Adhesion Sites

Catherine G. Galbraith, Kenneth M. Yamada, and James A. Galbraith
Science 16 February 2007: 992-995.
In motile cells, actin fibers form integrin-covered protrusions that are poised to interact with surfaces in the cell's search for adhesion sites. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Maplike Representation of Celestial E-Vector Orientations in the Brain of an Insect

Stanley Heinze and Uwe Homberg
Science 16 February 2007: 995-997.
The orientation of polarized light is represented as a columnar map in the locust brain, which may help to orient the insect under the open sky. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Calyptogena magnifica Chemoautotrophic Symbiont Genome

I. L. G. Newton, T. Woyke, T. A. Auchtung, G. F. Dilly, R. J. Dutton, M. C. Fisher, K. M. Fontanez, E. Lau, F. J. Stewart, P. M. Richardson, K. W. Barry, E. Saunders, J. C. Detter, D. Wu, J. A. Eisen, and C. M. Cavanaugh
Science 16 February 2007: 998-1000.
A chemoautotrophic symbiont of the giant clam found in hydrothermal vents has a complex metabolic repertoire and can provide its host with most nutritional needs. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Phosphothreonine Lyase Activity of a Bacterial Type III Effector Family

Hongtao Li, Hao Xu, Yan Zhou, Jie Zhang, Chengzu Long, Shuqin Li, She Chen, Jian-Min Zhou, and Feng Shao
Science 16 February 2007: 1000-1003.
A family of virulence factors in bacteria removes a phosphate from a key signaling enzyme in its infected host and thereby interferes with the host's innate immunity. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Archaeal Type III RuBisCOs Function in a Pathway for AMP Metabolism

Takaaki Sato, Haruyuki Atomi, and Tadayuki Imanaka
Science 16 February 2007: 1003-1006.
In nonphotosynthetic Archaea, the enzyme RuBisCO does not fix CO₂ as it does in plants; instead it salvages adenosine and diverts ribulose into the central metabolism. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Cadherin-11 in Synovial Lining Formation and Pathology in Arthritis

David M. Lee, Hans P. Kiener, Sandeep K. Agarwal, Erika H. Noss, Gerald F. M. Watts, Osamu Chisaka, Masatoshi Takeichi, and Michael B. Brenner
Science 16 February 2007: 1006-1010.
Published online 25 January 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1137306] (in Science Express Reports)
A mouse version of rheumatoid arthritis can be ameliorated by inhibition or elimination of a cell surface adhesion molecule found within joints, suggesting a therapeutic approach for humans. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|