Freshwater Resources

A Thirsty World

Jake Yeston, Robert Coontz, Jesse Smith, and Caroline Ash
Science 25 August 2006: 1067.
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News

Running Out of Water--and Time

John Bohannon
Science 25 August 2006: 1085-1087.
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Desalination Freshens Up

Robert F. Service
Science 25 August 2006: 1088-1090.
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Perspectives

Waterborne Infectious Diseases—Could They Be Consigned to History?

Alan Fenwick
Science 25 August 2006: 1077-1081.
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Seeking Sustainability: Israel's Evolving Water Management Strategy

Alon Tal
Science 25 August 2006: 1081-1084.
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Reviews

Global Hydrological Cycles and World Water Resources

Taikan Oki and Shinjiro Kanae
Science 25 August 2006: 1068-1072.
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The Challenge of Micropollutants in Aquatic Systems

René P. Schwarzenbach, Beate I. Escher, Kathrin Fenner, Thomas B. Hofstetter, C. Annette Johnson, Urs von Gunten, and Bernhard Wehrli
Science 25 August 2006: 1072-1077.
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This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 25 August 2006: 1016.
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Editorial:
What's a Wetland, Anyhow?

Donald Kennedy and Brooks Hanson
Science 25 August 2006: 1019.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 25 August 2006: 1020.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 25 August 2006: 1023.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 25 August 2006: 1145.
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News of the Week

AVIAN INFLUENZA: Pushed by an Outsider, Scientists Call for Global Plan to Share Flu Data

Martin Enserink
Science 25 August 2006: 1026.
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MATHEMATICS: Perelman Declines Math's Top Prize; Three Others Honored in Madrid

Dana Mackenzie
Science 25 August 2006: 1027-1028.
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MATHEMATICS: Okounkov, Tao, and Werner Capture Fields Medals, 'Math's Nobels'

Dana Mackenzie
Science 25 August 2006: 1027.
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PALEOANTHROPOLOGY: Skeptics Seek to Slay the 'Hobbit,' Calling Flores Skeleton a Modern Human

Elizabeth Culotta
Science 25 August 2006: 1028-1029.
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ARCHAEOLOGY: After 2 Millennia on Ice, a Nomad Resurfaces

Andrew Curry
Science 25 August 2006: 1029.
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INFECTIOUS DISEASE: At International AIDS Conference, Big Names Emphasize Big Gaps

Jon Cohen
Science 25 August 2006: 1030-1031.
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STEM CELLS: Scientists Derive Line From Single Embryo Cell

Gretchen Vogel
Science 25 August 2006: 1031.
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SPACE SCIENCE: NASA Chief Blasts Science Advisers, Widening Split With Researchers

Andrew Lawler
Science 25 August 2006: 1032.
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CHEMISTRY: New in Nanotech: Self-Folding Delivery Boxes

Robert F. Service
Science 25 August 2006: 1032-1033.
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ASTRONOMY: Satellite's X-ray Vision Clinches the Case for Dark Matter

Tom Siegfried
Science 25 August 2006: 1033.
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ScienceScope

Science 25 August 2006: 1029.
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Random Samples

Science 25 August 2006: 1025.
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Newsmakers

Science 25 August 2006: 1041.
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News Focus

HYDROENGINEERING: Going Against the Flow

Richard Stone and Hawk Jia
Science 25 August 2006: 1034-1037.
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HYDROENGINEERING: Controversial Rivers Project Aims to Turn India's Fierce Monsoon Into a Friend

Pallava Bagla
Science 25 August 2006: 1036-1037.
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HURRICANE KATRINA: One Year After, New Orleans Researchers Struggle to Rebuild

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 25 August 2006: 1038-1039.
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METEOROLOGY: Sharpening Up Models for a Better View of the Atmosphere

Richard A. Kerr
Science 25 August 2006: 1040.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 25 August 2006: 1043.
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 Preserving the Jarawa's Future

Stephen Corry
Science 25 August 2006: 1043.
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 Ice Sheets and Sea Level

Johannes Oerlemans, Dorthe Dahl-Jensen, Valérie Masson-Delmotte;, Jonathan T. Overpeck, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Gifford H. Miller, Richard B. Alley, Daniel R. Muhs, and Shawn J. Marshall
Science 25 August 2006: 1043-1045.
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 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 25 August 2006: 1045.
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Books et al.

WATER RESOURCES: For Our Thirsty World, Efficiency or Else

Sandra L. Postel
Science 25 August 2006: 1046-1047.
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PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE: Science Undermined by Our Limited Imagination?

Tim Lewens
Science 25 August 2006: 1047-1048.
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 Browsings

Science 25 August 2006: 1047.
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Books Received

Science 25 August 2006: 1048.
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Education Forum

INQUIRY LEARNING: Teaching and Assessing Knowledge Integration in Science

Marcia C. Linn, Hee-Sun Lee, Robert Tinker, Freda Husic, and Jennifer L. Chiu
Science 25 August 2006: 1049-1050.
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Perspectives

ECOLOGY: Are Global Conservation Efforts Successful?

Ana S. L. Rodrigues
Science 25 August 2006: 1051-1052.
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IMMUNOLOGY: Unraveling Gut Inflammation

Warren Strober
Science 25 August 2006: 1052-1054.
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ASTRONOMY: Growing Apart in Lock Step

Jack J. Lissauer
Science 25 August 2006: 1054-1055.
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ECOLOGY: Crafting the Pieces of the Diversity Jigsaw Puzzle

R. L. Kitching
Science 25 August 2006: 1055-1057.
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PHYSICS: Surface Transfer Doping of Semiconductors

Jürgen Ristein
Science 25 August 2006: 1057-1058.
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NEUROSCIENCE: Enhanced: ZAP and ZIP, a Story to Forget

Tim V. P. Bliss, Graham L. Collingridge, and Serge Laroche
Science 25 August 2006: 1058-1059.
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Association Affairs

AAAS News and Notes

Science 25 August 2006: 1060.
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Review

Trajectory Shifts in the Arctic and Subarctic Freshwater Cycle

Bruce J. Peterson, James McClelland, Ruth Curry, Robert M. Holmes, John E. Walsh, and Knut Aagaard
Science 25 August 2006: 1061-1066.
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Brevia

An Aegialodontid Upper Molar and the Evolution of Mammal Dentition

Alexey V. Lopatin and Alexander O. Averianov
Science 25 August 2006: 1092.
An early mammal found in Russia shows that a distinctive dental pattern of marsupials and placental animals had evolved by 130 million years ago. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Article

Learning Induces Long-Term Potentiation in the Hippocampus

Jonathan R. Whitlock, Arnold J. Heynen, Marshall G. Shuler, and Mark F. Bear
Science 25 August 2006: 1093-1097.
Rapid learning in rats strengthens synapses in the hippocampus of the brain, confirming that synaptic long-term potentiation underlies learning in vivo. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Superfluidity of Grain Boundaries and Supersolid Behavior

S. Sasaki, R. Ishiguro, F. Caupin, H. J. Maris, and S. Balibar
Science 25 August 2006: 1098-1100.
Published online 27 July 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1130879] (in Science Express Reports)
Experiments show that superfluid flow along grain boundaries in solid ⁴He may explain its supersolid behavior. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Detection, Stimulation, and Inhibition of Neuronal Signals with High-Density Nanowire Transistor Arrays

Fernando Patolsky, Brian P. Timko, Guihua Yu, Ying Fang, Andrew B. Greytak, Gengfeng Zheng, and Charles M. Lieber
Science 25 August 2006: 1100-1104.
With an array of silicon nanowire field-effect transistors, the activity at up to 50 locations along an axon of a cortical rat neuron can be recorded and modified. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Discrete Sandwich Compounds of Monolayer Palladium Sheets

Tetsuro Murahashi, Mayu Fujimoto, Masa-aki Oka, Yasuhiro Hashimoto, Tomohito Uemura, Yasuki Tatsumi, Yoshihide Nakao, Atsushi Ikeda, Shigeyoshi Sakaki, and Hideo Kurosawa
Science 25 August 2006: 1104-1107.
A compound containing three or five metal atoms, instead of the usual one, between two hydrocarbon layers challenges the boundary between discrete molecules and layered solids. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Forced Resonant Migration of Pluto's Outer Satellites by Charon

William R. Ward and Robin M. Canup
Science 25 August 2006: 1107-1109.
Published online 6 July 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1127293] (in Science Express Reports)
The orbits of Pluto’s two small moons can be explained if they corotated with the larger moon, Charon, following an impact in which the three moons were created. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Ice Record of ¹³C for Atmospheric CH₄ Across the Younger Dryas-Preboreal Transition

Hinrich Schaefer, Michael J. Whiticar, Edward J. Brook, Vasilii V. Petrenko, Dominic F. Ferretti, and Jeffrey P. Severinghaus
Science 25 August 2006: 1109-1112.
Carbon isotopes in ice methane did not vary near the end of the last deglaciation when atmospheric methane levels rose, implying that clathrates were not the methane source. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Decoupled Plant and Insect Diversity After the End-Cretaceous Extinction

Peter Wilf, Conrad C. Labandeira, Kirk R. Johnson, and Beth Ellis
Science 25 August 2006: 1112-1115.
After the end-Cretaceous extinction, plants diversified without many insects in some places, whereas elsewhere insect herbivores diversified despite few plant species. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Why Are There So Many Species of Herbivorous Insects in Tropical Rainforests?

Vojtech Novotny, Pavel Drozd, Scott E. Miller, Miroslav Kulfan, Milan Janda, Yves Basset, and George D. Weiblen
Science 25 August 2006: 1115-1118.
Published online 13 July 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1129237] (in Science Express Reports)
The number of insect species in tropical and temperate forests is determined by the diversity of tree species. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Brassinosteroids Regulate Dissociation of BKI1, a Negative Regulator of BRI1 Signaling, from the Plasma Membrane

Xuelu Wang and Joanne Chory
Science 25 August 2006: 1118-1122.
Published online 20 July 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1127593] (in Science Express Reports)
A steroid hormone signaling pathway in plants is activated when an inhibitor is displaced from the cell membrane. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

ATM Engages Autodegradation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase COP1 After DNA Damage

David Dornan, Harumi Shimizu, Angie Mah, Tanay Dudhela, Michael Eby, Karen O'Rourke, Somasekar Seshagiri, and Vishva M. Dixit
Science 25 August 2006: 1122-1126.
After a cell experiences DNA damage, the enzyme that normally tags a tumor suppressor for degradation is inhibited, allowing accumulation of the tumor suppressor. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Symbiotic Bacteria Direct Expression of an Intestinal Bactericidal Lectin

Heather L. Cash, Cecilia V. Whitham, Cassie L. Behrendt, and Lora V. Hooper
Science 25 August 2006: 1126-1130.
The cells that line the intestine secrete a small molecule that binds to resident bacteria through a peptidylglycan interaction and kills them. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Individual Cell Migration Serves as the Driving Force for Optic Vesicle Evagination

Martina Rembold, Felix Loosli, Richard J. Adams, and Joachim Wittbrodt
Science 25 August 2006: 1130-1134.
High-resolution imaging of cells in living fish shows that migrating cells form the eye by acting individually rather than collectively. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Argonaute Slicing Is Required for Heterochromatic Silencing and Spreading

Danielle V. Irvine, Mikel Zaratiegui, Niraj H. Tolia, Derek B. Goto, Daniel H. Chitwood, Matthew W. Vaughn, Leemor Joshua-Tor, and Robert A. Martienssen
Science 25 August 2006: 1134-1137.
In RNA interference, genes are silenced through base-pairing of small interfering RNAs with RNA, presumably transcribed from the silenced region. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Chemical Chaperones Reduce ER Stress and Restore Glucose Homeostasis in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes

Umut Özcan, Erkan Yilmaz, Lale Özcan, Masato Furuhashi, Eric Vaillancourt, Ross O. Smith, Cem Z. Görgün, and Gökhan S. Hotamisligil
Science 25 August 2006: 1137-1140.
Small-molecule drugs that help to fold and process proteins correct type 2 diabetes in a mouse model, providing a new lead for the treatment of human diabetes. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Storage of Spatial Information by the Maintenance Mechanism of LTP

Eva Pastalkova, Peter Serrano, Deana Pinkhasova, Emma Wallace, André Antonio Fenton, and Todd Charlton Sacktor
Science 25 August 2006: 1141-1144.
Maintenance of spatial memories in the rat brain can be reversed by inhibition of long-term synaptic potentiation in the rat brain. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

Comment on "Cell Type Regulates Selective Segregation of Mouse Chromosome 7 DNA Strands in Mitosis"

James E. Haber
Science 25 August 2006: 1045.
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Response to Comment on "Cell Type Regulates Selective Segregation of Mouse Chromosome 7 DNA Strands in Mitosis"

Amar J. S. Klar and Athanasios Armakolas
Science 25 August 2006: 1045.
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