This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 4 August 2006: 588.
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Editorial:
The G8 on Energy: Too Little

Martin Rees
Science 4 August 2006: 591.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 4 August 2006: 592.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 4 August 2006: 595.
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Science Podcast

Science 4 August 2006: 691.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 4 August 2006: 691.
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News of the Week

SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING: The Undisclosed Background of a Paper on a Depression Treatment

Constance Holden
Science 4 August 2006: 598-599.
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PLANETARY SCIENCE: At Last, Methane Lakes on Saturn's Icy Moon Titan--But No Seas

Richard A. Kerr
Science 4 August 2006: 598.
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EARTH SCIENCE: China Grapples With Seismic Risk in Its Northern Heartland

Richard Stone
Science 4 August 2006: 599.
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INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE: Singapore-Hopkins Partnership Ends in a Volley of Fault-Finding

Dennis Normile
Science 4 August 2006: 600.
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NEUROSCIENCE: The Emotional Brain Weighs Its Options

Greg Miller
Science 4 August 2006: 600-601.
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AVIAN INFLUENZA: Hybrid Viruses Fail to Spread

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 4 August 2006: 601-602.
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PHYSICS: High-Temperature Superconductors Feel the Vibe After All

Adrian Cho
Science 4 August 2006: 602.
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PHYSICS: Physicists See Solid Helium Flow, But Not in the Most Exciting Way

Adrian Cho
Science 4 August 2006: 603.
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ScienceScope

Science 4 August 2006: 601.
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Random Samples

Science 4 August 2006: 597.
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Newsmakers

Science 4 August 2006: 611.
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News Focus

SOCIOLOGY: Making Connections

Karen Heyman
Science 4 August 2006: 604-606.
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SOCIOLOGY: Looking for Patterns

Karen Heyman
Science 4 August 2006: 606.
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SOLAR PHYSICS: Space Weather Forecasters Plan a Boost in Surveillance Missions

Dennis Normile and Richard Stone
Science 4 August 2006: 607.
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CLIMATE RESEARCH: Waiting for the Monsoon

Catherine Brahic
Science 4 August 2006: 608-609.
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U.S. HOMELAND SECURITY: Congress Dials Back Research on Understanding Terrorism

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 4 August 2006: 610.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 4 August 2006: 612.
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 Boycott of Israeli Academics Misguided

Mike Fainzilber
Science 4 August 2006: 612.
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 Keeping Bandits at Bay?

Helen Scales, Andrew Balmford, Min Liu, Yvonne Sadovy, Andrea Manica;, T. P. Hughes, F. Berkes, R. S. Steneck, J. A. Wilson, D. R. Bellwood, B. Crona, C. Folke, L. H. Gunderson, H. M. Leslie, J. Norberg, M. Nyström, P. Olsson, H. Österblom, M. Scheffer, and B. Worm
Science 4 August 2006: 612-614.
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 Making U.S. Graduate Education More Diverse

Cecilio R. Barrera
Science 4 August 2006: 614.
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 Recognizing Computational Science

Joss Bland-Hawthorn
Science 4 August 2006: 614-615.
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Books et al.

PSYCHOLOGY: Reflections on Mind

Joan E. Grusec
Science 4 August 2006: 616.
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Books Received

Science 4 August 2006: 616.
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Policy Forum

SUSTAINABILITY: Resolving Mismatches in U.S. Ocean Governance

L. B. Crowder, G. Osherenko, O. R. Young, S. Airamé, E. A. Norse, N. Baron, J. C. Day, F. Douvere, C. N. Ehler, B. S. Halpern, S. J. Langdon, K. L. McLeod, J. C. Ogden, R. E. Peach, A. A. Rosenberg, and J. A. Wilson
Science 4 August 2006: 617-618.
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Perspectives

GEOPHYSICS: A New Class of Earthquake Observations

Fred F. Pollitz
Science 4 August 2006: 619-620.
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CLIMATE: Caving In to New Chronologies

Gideon M. Henderson
Science 4 August 2006: 620-622.
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PLANETARY SCIENCE: Solving Laplace's Lunar Puzzle

Kimmo Innanen
Science 4 August 2006: 622-623.
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CLIMATE: How Do Aerosols Affect Cloudiness and Climate?

François-Marie Bréon
Science 4 August 2006: 623-624.
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CELL BIOLOGY: Extinguishing a Cell Cycle Checkpoint

M. Andrew Hoyt
Science 4 August 2006: 624-625.
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MICROBIOLOGY: Timing the Sexual Development of Parasites

Stephen L. Hajduk
Science 4 August 2006: 626-627.
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IMMUNOLOGY: Sugar Determines Antibody Activity

Dennis R. Burton and Raymond A. Dwek
Science 4 August 2006: 627-628.
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Review

The Primary Cilium as the Cell's Antenna: Signaling at a Sensory Organelle

Veena Singla and Jeremy F. Reiter
Science 4 August 2006: 629-633.
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Brevia

Fibrin Fibers Have Extraordinary Extensibility and Elasticity

W. Liu, L. M. Jawerth, E. A. Sparks, M. R. Falvo, R. R. Hantgan, R. Superfine, S. T. Lord, and M. Guthold
Science 4 August 2006: 634.
The fibrin fibers that support blood clots can be stretched to nearly three times their normal length without losing elasticity and up to six times before rupturing. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

Spitzer Spectral Observations of the Deep Impact Ejecta

C. M. Lisse, J. VanCleve, A. C. Adams, M. F. A'Hearn, Y. R. Fernández, T. L. Farnham, L. Armus, C. J. Grillmair, J. Ingalls, M. J. S. Belton, O. Groussin, L. A. McFadden, K. J. Meech, P. H. Schultz, B. C. Clark, L. M. Feaga, and J. M. Sunshine
Science 4 August 2006: 635-640.
Published online 13 July 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1124694] (in Science Express Research Articles)
The nucleus of comet Tempel 1 is made of minerals and organic compounds from throughout the protosolar nebula. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Netrins Promote Developmental and Therapeutic Angiogenesis

Brent D. Wilson, Masaaki Ii, Kye Won Park, Arminda Suli, Lise K. Sorensen, Fréderic Larrieu-Lahargue, Lisa D. Urness, Wonhee Suh, Jun Asai, Gerhardus A.H. Kock, Tina Thorne, Marcy Silver, Kirk R. Thomas, Chi-Bin Chien, Douglas W. Losordo, and Dean Y. Li
Science 4 August 2006: 640-644.
Published online 29 June 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1124704] (in Science Express Research Articles)
The netrins, developmental factors that guide axons as they find their targets, also direct the formation of new blood vessels. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Neurospora Checkpoint Kinase 2: A Regulatory Link Between the Circadian and Cell Cycles

António M. Pregueiro, Qiuyun Liu, Christopher L. Baker, Jay C. Dunlap, and Jennifer J. Loros
Science 4 August 2006: 644-649.
Published online 29 June 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1121716] (in Science Express Research Articles)
A fungal ortholog of a key regulator for the mammalian cell cycle links cell division with the circadian cycle, gating the ability of DNA damage to reset the clock. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Imaging the Mott Insulator Shells by Using Atomic Clock Shifts

Gretchen K. Campbell, Jongchul Mun, Micah Boyd, Patrick Medley, Aaron E. Leanhardt, Luis G. Marcassa, David E. Pritchard, and Wolfgang Ketterle
Science 4 August 2006: 649-652.
High-resolution spectroscopy reveals the layered electron band structure that produces an insulating, instead of conducting, cloud of cold rubidium atoms. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Evidence for a Past High-Eccentricity Lunar Orbit

Ian Garrick-Bethell, Jack Wisdom, and Maria T. Zuber
Science 4 August 2006: 652-655.
The equatorial bulge of the Moon implies that it was in a highly eccentric orbit close to Earth soon after its formation and during its solidification. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Smoke and Pollution Aerosol Effect on Cloud Cover

Yoram J. Kaufman and Ilan Koren
Science 4 August 2006: 655-658.
Published online 13 July 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1126232] (in Science Express Reports)
A higher concentration of aerosol particles increases cloudiness, but this effect is offset by the amount of sunlight absorbed by the clouds. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Crustal Dilatation Observed by GRACE After the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake

Shin-Chan Han, C. K. Shum, Michael Bevis, Chen Ji, and Chung-Yen Kuo
Science 4 August 2006: 658-662.
Changes in Earth’s gravity after the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake reveal that the quake compressed and extended the local crust and mantle, changing their densities. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Synthesis of Biaryls via Catalytic Decarboxylative Coupling

Lukas J. Gooßen, Guojun Deng, and Laura M. Levy
Science 4 August 2006: 662-664.
A copper catalyst in tandem with palladium can generate useful biaryl compounds from benign carboxylates rather than hazardous organometallics. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Gender Differences in Patenting in the Academic Life Sciences

Waverly W. Ding, Fiona Murray, and Toby E. Stuart
Science 4 August 2006: 665-667.
A longitudinal study shows that women scientists have patented their findings at less than half the rate of men, perhaps because of fewer collaborations and industrial contacts. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Regulation of Sexual Development of Plasmodium by Translational Repression

Gunnar R. Mair, Joanna A. M. Braks, Lindsey S. Garver, Joop C. A. G. Wiegant, Neil Hall, Roeland W. Dirks, Shahid M. Khan, George Dimopoulos, Chris J. Janse, and Andrew P. Waters
Science 4 August 2006: 667-669.
An essential RNA helicase sequesters mRNAs in the developing malaria parasite until they are needed, presenting a likely target for therapeutics. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Immunoglobulin G Resulting from Fc Sialylation

Yoshikatsu Kaneko, Falk Nimmerjahn, and Jeffrey V. Ravetch
Science 4 August 2006: 670-673.
Inflammatory antibodies can be converted to potentially useful anti-inflammatory agents by altering their attached sugar residues. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

N- to C-Terminal SNARE Complex Assembly Promotes Rapid Membrane Fusion

Ajaybabu V. Pobbati, Alexander Stein, and Dirk Fasshauer
Science 4 August 2006: 673-676.
A preassembled complex of fusion proteins can fuse membranes in vitro as rapidly as is observed during secretion in intact neurons. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Clamping Mechanism Involved in SNARE-Dependent Exocytosis

Claudio G. Giraudo, William S. Eng, Thomas J. Melia, and James E. Rothman
Science 4 August 2006: 676-680.
Published online 22 June 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1129450] (in Science Express Reports)
The protein complexin prevents synaptic vesicles from fusing until calcium is sensed by another protein, synaptotagmin, to initiate fusion. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Anaphase Inactivation of the Spindle Checkpoint

William J. Palframan, Janet B. Meehl, Sue L. Jaspersen, Mark Winey, and Andrew W. Murray
Science 4 August 2006: 680-684.
Published online 6 July 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1127205] (in Science Express Reports)
The system that ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle poles during cell division is later inactivated by the interaction of two proteins. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Frames, Biases, and Rational Decision-Making in the Human Brain

Benedetto De Martino, Dharshan Kumaran, Ben Seymour, and Raymond J. Dolan
Science 4 August 2006: 684-687.
The framing effect—in which the way a question is posed alters the answer—is a result of biases arising in the amygdala, a brain region involved with emotion. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

Comment on "Post-Wildfire Logging Hinders Regeneration and Increases Fire Risk"

M. Newton, S. Fitzgerald, R. R. Rose, P. W. Adams, S. D. Tesch, J. Sessions, T. Atzet, R. F. Powers, and C. Skinner
Science 4 August 2006: 615.
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Comment on "Post-Wildfire Logging Hinders Regeneration and Increases Fire Risk"

B. N. Baird
Science 4 August 2006: 615.
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Response to Comments on "Post-Wildfire Logging Hinders Regeneration and Increases Fire Risk"

D. C. Donato, J. B. Fontaine, J. L. Campbell, W. D. Robinson, J. B. Kauffman, and B. E. Law
Science 4 August 2006: 615.
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