HIV/AIDS: Latin America & Caribbean

Learning to Live With HIV

Leslie Roberts and Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 467.
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News

OVERVIEW: The Overlooked Epidemic

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 468-469.
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The Caribbean

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 470.
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HAITI: Making Headway Under Hellacious Circumstances

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 470-473.
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DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: A Sour Taste on the Sugar Plantations

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 473-475.
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DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: The Sun. The Sand. The Sex.

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 474.
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PUERTO RICO: Rich Port, Poor Port

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 475-476.
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PUERTO RICO: Ample Monkeys and Money Nurture Robust Research

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 476.
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Mexico & Central America

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 477.
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MEXICO: Land of Extremes: Prevention and Care Range From Bold to Bleak

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 477-479.
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MEXICO: Prevention Programs Target Migrants

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 478-479.
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GUATEMALA: Struggling to Deliver on Promises and Assess HIV's Spread

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 480-481.
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HONDURAS: Why So High? A Knotty Story

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 481-483.
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HONDURAS: Mission Possible: Integrating the Church With HIV/AIDS Efforts

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 482.
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BELIZE: Taking It to the Streets

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 483.
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South America

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 484.
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BRAZIL: Ten Years After

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 484-487.
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BRAZIL: Free Drugs ≠ Quality Care

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 486.
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ARGENTINA: Up in Smoke: Epidemic Changes Course

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 487-488.
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PERU: A New Nexus for HIV/AIDS Research

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 488-490.
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PERU: Universal Access: More Goal Than Reality

Jon Cohen
Science 28 July 2006: 489.
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This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 28 July 2006: 405.
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Editorial:
Twenty-Five Years of HIV/AIDS

Anthony S. Fauci
Science 28 July 2006: 409.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 28 July 2006: 411.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 28 July 2006: 417.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 28 July 2006: 541.
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News of the Week

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH: States, Foundations Lead the Way After Bush Vetoes Stem Cell Bill

Constance Holden
Science 28 July 2006: 420-421.
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CLIMATE CHANGE: Politicians Attack, But Evidence for Global Warming Doesn't Wilt

Richard A. Kerr
Science 28 July 2006: 421.
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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH: Consortium Aims to Supercharge Rice Photosynthesis

Dennis Normile
Science 28 July 2006: 423.
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WATER PROJECTS: U.S. Senate Calls for External Reviews of Big Federal Digs

Erik Stokstad
Science 28 July 2006: 424-425.
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2007 U.S. BUDGET: NIH Prepares for Lean Budget After Senate Vote

Jennifer Couzin and Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 28 July 2006: 424.
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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: U.S. Wants to Curtail Add-On Patents to Reduce Backlog

Eli Kintisch
Science 28 July 2006: 425-427.
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IMMUNOLOGY: Mast Cells Defang Snake and Bee Venom

Jean Marx
Science 28 July 2006: 427.
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ScienceScope

Science 28 July 2006: 423.
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Random Samples

Science 28 July 2006: 419.
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Newsmakers

Science 28 July 2006: 437.
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News Focus

NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE: Guam's Deadly Stalker: On the Loose Worldwide?

Greg Miller
Science 28 July 2006: 428-431.
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NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE: From Cycad Flour, a New Suspect Emerges

Greg Miller
Science 28 July 2006: 431.
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INFRASTRUCTURE: Can Grid Computing Help Us Work Together?

Daniel Clery
Science 28 July 2006: 433-434.
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METEOROLOGY: Rivers in the Sky Are Flooding the World With Tropical Waters

Richard A. Kerr
Science 28 July 2006: 435.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 28 July 2006: 439.
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 Adult Stem Cell Treatments for Diseases?

Shane Smith, William Neaves, and Steven Teitelbaum
Science 28 July 2006: 439.
Published online 13 July 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1129987] (in Science Express Letters)
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 Name Dropping on Decapods

Joel W. Martin
Science 28 July 2006: 440.
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 Questions About Mass Spectrometry Data

Haiteng Deng
Science 28 July 2006: 440.
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 Extinction Risk and Conservation Priorities

Rebecca M. Miller, Jon Paul Rodríguez, Theresa Aniskowicz-Fowler, Channa Bambaradeniya, Ruben Boles, Mark A. Eaton, Ulf Gärdenfors, Verena Keller, Sanjay Molur, Sally Walker, and Caroline Pollock
Science 28 July 2006: 441.
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 Confidentiality in Genome Research

Zhen Lin, Russ B. Altman, and Art B. Owen
Science 28 July 2006: 441-442.
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 CFCs and the Size of the Ozone Hole

Kenneth M. Towe
Science 28 July 2006: 442.
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 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 28 July 2006: 442.
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Books et al.

EVOLUTION: Dawkins's Dangerous Ideas

David C. Queller
Science 28 July 2006: 443-444.
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ENGINEERING: Shaking and Shaping San Francisco

Christine Theodoropoulos
Science 28 July 2006: 444.
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Books Received

Science 28 July 2006: 444.
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Education Forum

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT: Enhanced: Who Is Responsible for Preparing Science Teachers?

Valerie Otero, Noah Finkelstein, Richard McCray, and Steven Pollock
Science 28 July 2006: 445-446.
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Perspectives

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: Self-Correcting Messages

Patrick Cramer
Science 28 July 2006: 447-448.
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PHYSICS: A More Precise Fine Structure Constant

Daniel Kleppner
Science 28 July 2006: 448-449.
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CELL SIGNALING: Protein Kinases Seek Close Encounters with Active Genes

John W. Edmunds and Louis C. Mahadevan
Science 28 July 2006: 449-451.
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PLANETARY SCIENCE: Puzzling Neptune Trojans

Francesco Marzari
Science 28 July 2006: 451-452.
Published online 15 June 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1129458] (in Science Express Perspectives)
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CLIMATE CHANGE: Can We Detect Trends in Extreme Tropical Cyclones?

Christopher W. Landsea, Bruce A. Harper, Karl Hoarau, and John A. Knaff
Science 28 July 2006: 452-454.
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COMPUTER SCIENCE: New Life for Neural Networks

Garrison W. Cottrell
Science 28 July 2006: 454-455.
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ATMOSPHERE: What Drives the Ice Age Cycle?

Didier Paillard
Science 28 July 2006: 455-456.
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Association Affairs

AAAS News and Notes

Science 28 July 2006: 458-461.
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Review

Origins of HIV and the Evolution of Resistance to AIDS

Jonathan L. Heeney, Angus G. Dalgleish, and Robin A. Weiss
Science 28 July 2006: 462-466.
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Brevia

30,000 Years of Cosmic Dust in Antarctic Ice

Gisela Winckler and Hubertus Fischer
Science 28 July 2006: 491.
As measured by helium-3 in Antarctic ice, the flux of cosmic dust has not varied enough during the past 30,000 years to have caused the last deglaciation. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

Plio-Pleistocene Ice Volume, Antarctic Climate, and the Global ¹⁸O Record

M. E. Raymo, L. E. Lisiecki, and Kerim H. Nisancioglu
Science 28 July 2006: 492-495.
Published online 22 June 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1123296] (in Science Express Research Articles)
Early glacial cycles appear to have a 40,000-year cycle because the opposing 23,000-year insolation cycles in the Northern and Southern hemispheres may have canceled one another. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Transcriptional Repression Distinguishes Somatic from Germ Cell Lineages in a Plant

Farzad Haerizadeh, Mohan B. Singh, and Prem L. Bhalla
Science 28 July 2006: 496-499.
Plant cells differentiate into sperm when they lack a repressive transcription factor that suppresses this differentiation in other cells. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Violation of Kirchhoff's Laws for a Coherent RC Circuit

J. Gabelli, G. Fève, J.-M. Berroir, B. Plaçais, A. Cavanna, B. Etienne, Y. Jin, and D. C. Glattli
Science 28 July 2006: 499-502.
Published online 13 July 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1126940] (in Science Express Reports)
Transport measurements on a fully coherent circuit highlight the difference between quantum and classical electronics. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Second-Harmonic Generation from Magnetic Metamaterials

Matthias W. Klein, Christian Enkrich, Martin Wegener, and Stefan Linden
Science 28 July 2006: 502-504.
An array of split gold rings produces a current that exhibits a nonlinear magnetic response to infrared light, confirming predictions. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reducing the Dimensionality of Data with Neural Networks

G. E. Hinton and R. R. Salakhutdinov
Science 28 July 2006: 504-507.
Neural networks can be used to reduce accurately high-dimensional data to lower dimensional representations for pattern recognition tasks. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Early Pleistocene Glacial Cycles and the Integrated Summer Insolation Forcing

Peter Huybers
Science 28 July 2006: 508-511.
Published online 22 June 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1125249] (in Science Express Reports)
Early glacial cycles may have had a 40,000-year cycle because glaciers are more sensitive to integrated summer solar heating than to the 23,000-year cycles in peak heating. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Thick Cloud of Neptune Trojans and Their Colors

Scott S. Sheppard and Chadwick A. Trujillo
Science 28 July 2006: 511-514.
Published online 15 June 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1127173] (in Science Express Reports)
The dynamics and red color of a group of asteroids that co-orbit with Neptune indicate that they may have been captured during the early outward migration of the giant planets. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Clonal Adaptive Radiation in a Constant Environment

Ram Maharjan, Shona Seeto, Lucinda Notley-McRobb, and Thomas Ferenci
Science 28 July 2006: 514-517.
Published online 6 July 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1129865] (in Science Express Reports)
A genetically homogeneous population of Escherichia coli exhibits multiple phenotypes after 90 generations. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Transcript-Assisted Transcriptional Proofreading

Nikolay Zenkin, Yulia Yuzenkova, and Konstantin Severinov
Science 28 July 2006: 518-520.
During transcription, misincorporated nucleotides participate in their own removal by providing active groups and coordination bonds. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

MC1R Germline Variants Confer Risk for BRAF-Mutant Melanoma

Maria Teresa Landi, Jürgen Bauer, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, David E. Elder, Benjamin Hulley, Paola Minghetti, Donato Calista, Peter A. Kanetsky, Daniel Pinkel, and Boris C. Bastian
Science 28 July 2006: 521-522.
Published online 29 June 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1127515] (in Science Express Reports)
Individuals carrying certain normal variants of a receptor for melanocortin have a much greater risk of developing a type of melanoma that is not caused by sun damage. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Chimpanzee Reservoirs of Pandemic and Nonpandemic HIV-1

Brandon F. Keele, Fran Van Heuverswyn, Yingying Li, Elizabeth Bailes, Jun Takehisa, Mario L. Santiago, Frederic Bibollet-Ruche, Yalu Chen, Louise V. Wain, Florian Liegeois, Severin Loul, Eitel Mpoudi Ngole, Yanga Bienvenue, Eric Delaporte, John F. Y. Brookfield, Paul M. Sharp, George M. Shaw, Martine Peeters, and Beatrice H. Hahn
Science 28 July 2006: 523-526.
Published online 25 May 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1126531] (in Science Express Reports)
The origins of HIV are traced to specific reservoir populations of wild chimpanzees. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Mast Cells Can Enhance Resistance to Snake and Honeybee Venoms

Martin Metz, Adrian M. Piliponsky, Ching-Cheng Chen, Verena Lammel, Magnus Åbrink, Gunnar Pejler, Mindy Tsai, and Stephen J. Galli
Science 28 July 2006: 526-530.
Immune cells responsible for allergic reactions help protect mice from the effects of snake and bee venoms. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Multiple Phosphorylation Sites Confer Reproducibility of the Rod's Single-Photon Responses

Thuy Doan, Ana Mendez, Peter B. Detwiler, Jeannie Chen, and Fred Rieke
Science 28 July 2006: 530-533.
One photon produces a highly reproducible response in the light sensor rhodopsin by triggering inhibitory phosphorylations. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Activated Signal Transduction Kinases Frequently Occupy Target Genes

Dmitry K. Pokholok, Julia Zeitlinger, Nancy M. Hannett, David B. Reynolds, and Richard A. Young
Science 28 July 2006: 533-536.
Signaling molecules such as protein kinases that regulate gene expression are unexpectedly bound to the transcribed regions of their target genes. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Cortical 5-HT_2A Receptor Signaling Modulates Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Mice

Noelia V. Weisstaub, Mingming Zhou, Alena Lira, Evelyn Lambe, Javier González-Maeso, Jean-Pierre Hornung, Etienne Sibille, Mark Underwood, Shigeyoshi Itohara, William T. Dauer, Mark S. Ansorge, Emanuela Morelli, J. John Mann, Miklos Toth, George Aghajanian, Stuart C. Sealfon, René Hen, and Jay A. Gingrich
Science 28 July 2006: 536-540.
When one type of serotonin receptor is genetically removed from the cortex of mice, they show reduced anxiety. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|