Cancer Treatment Gets Personal

Celebrating a Glass Half-Full

Paula A. Kiberstis and John Travis
Science 26 May 2006: 1157.
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News

Energy Deregulation: Licensing Tumors to Grow

Ken Garber
Science 26 May 2006: 1158-1159.
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Autophagy: Is It Cancer's Friend or Foe?

Jean Marx
Science 26 May 2006: 1160-1161.
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Perspectives

The New Era in Cancer Research

Harold Varmus
Science 26 May 2006: 1162-1165.
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Poster: Cancer Treatment Gets Personal

Science 26 May 2006: 1162.
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Cancer Biomarkers—An Invitation to the Table

William S. Dalton and Stephen H. Friend
Science 26 May 2006: 1165-1168.
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Molecular Imaging in Cancer

Ralph Weissleder
Science 26 May 2006: 1168-1171.
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Antiangiogenic Therapy: A Universal Chemosensitization Strategy for Cancer?

Robert S. Kerbel
Science 26 May 2006: 1171-1175.
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Targeting Tyrosine Kinases in Cancer: The Second Wave

Jose Baselga
Science 26 May 2006: 1175-1178.
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This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 26 May 2006: 1101.
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Editorial:
Health Roundup

Donald Kennedy
Science 26 May 2006: 1105.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 26 May 2006: 1107.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 26 May 2006: 1113.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 26 May 2006: 1233.
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News of the Week

BIOSECURITY: Synthetic Biologists Debate Policing Themselves

Robert F. Service
Science 26 May 2006: 1116.
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SCIENCE FOR PEACE: Pakistan Gives Geology Conference the Cold Shoulder

Pallava Bagla
Science 26 May 2006: 1117.
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U.S. SCIENCE POLICY: Senate Panel Backs Social Sciences at NSF

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 26 May 2006: 1117.
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BIOMEDICAL TRAINING: NIH Wants Its Minority Programs to Train More Academic Researchers

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 26 May 2006: 1119.
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PHYSICS: High-Tech Materials Could Render Objects Invisible

Adrian Cho
Science 26 May 2006: 1120.
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U.S. COURTS: 'Disappointed' Butler Exhausts Appeals

Martin Enserink
Science 26 May 2006: 1120.
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: RNAi Safety Comes Under Scrutiny

Jennifer Couzin
Science 26 May 2006: 1121.
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GREENHOUSE GASES: Price Crash Rattles Europe's CO₂ Reduction Scheme

Catherine Brahic
Science 26 May 2006: 1123.
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ScienceScope

Science 26 May 2006: 1119.
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Random Samples

Science 26 May 2006: 1115.
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Newsmakers

Science 26 May 2006: 1135.
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News Focus

BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING: A Vision for the Blind

Ingrid Wickelgren
Science 26 May 2006: 1124-1126.
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TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER: Universities Find Too Many Strings Attached to Foundation's Offer

Constance Holden
Science 26 May 2006: 1127.
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HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS: A Quiet Leader Unites Researchers in Drive for the Next Big Machine

Adrian Cho
Science 26 May 2006: 1128-1129.
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HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS: Why the International Linear Collider?

Adrian Cho
Science 26 May 2006: 1129.
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GENOMICS: The HapMap Gold Rush: Researchers Mine a Rich Deposit

Jennifer Couzin
Science 26 May 2006: 1131.
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PLANETARY SCIENCE: Who Can Read the Martian Clock?

Richard A. Kerr
Science 26 May 2006: 1132-1133.
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PLANETARY SCIENCE: Bombardment Looking "Possible"

Richard A. Kerr
Science 26 May 2006: 1133.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 26 May 2006: 1137.
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 Scientific Description Can Imperil Species

Bryan L. Stuart, Anders G. J. Rhodin, L. Lee Grismer, and Troy Hansel
Science 26 May 2006: 1137.
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 Tropical Deforestation and Global Warming

Philip M. Fearnside
Science 26 May 2006: 1137.
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 Concern About Gag Rules

Len Pietrafesa
Science 26 May 2006: 1137-1138.
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 Working Together for Communication

Dean Acosta; and Donald Kennedy
Science 26 May 2006: 1138.
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 Revisiting the Age of the Sahara Desert

Stefan Kroepelin;, Christopher S. Swezey;, Mathieu Schuster, Philippe Duringer, Jean-François Ghienne, Patrick Vignaud, Hassan Taisso Mackaye, Andossa Likius, and Michel Brunet
Science 26 May 2006: 1138-1139.
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Books et al.

ORIGIN OF LIFE: Search for Life's Beginnings

Iris Fry
Science 26 May 2006: 1140-1141.
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 Browsing

Science 26 May 2006: 1141.
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Books Received

Science 29 July 2005: 1141.
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Education Forum

CAREER CHOICE: Enhanced: Planning Early for Careers in Science

Robert H. Tai, Christine Qi Liu, Adam V. Maltese, and Xitao Fan
Science 26 May 2006: 1143-1144.
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Perspectives

DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY: How Many Ways to Make a Chordate?

Patrick Lemaire
Science 26 May 2006: 1145-1146.
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GEOLOGY: Was the Younger Dryas Triggered by a Flood?

Wallace S. Broecker
Science 26 May 2006: 1146-1148.
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ASTRONOMY: The Vacuum Energy Crisis

Alexander Vilenkin
Science 26 May 2006: 1148-1149.
Published online 4 May 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1128570] (in Science Express Perspectives)
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MATERIALS SCIENCE: High-Pressure Microscopy

Zhongwu Wang and Yusheng Zhao
Science 24 May 2006: 1149-1150.
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MICROBIOLOGY: Bacteria Seize Control by Acetylating Host Proteins

Carolyn A. Worby and Jack E. Dixon
Science 24 May 2006: 1150-1151.
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MATERIALS SCIENCE: Fluctuations in Plasticity at the Microscale

M.-Carmen Miguel and Stefano Zapperi
Science 26 May 2006: 1151-1152.
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Association Affairs

AAAS News and Notes

Science 26 May 2006: 1154-1155.
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Brevia

Enhanced Mid-Latitude Tropospheric Warming in Satellite Measurements

Qiang Fu, Celeste M. Johanson, John M. Wallace, and Thomas Reichler
Science 26 May 2006: 1179.
The pattern of tropospheric warming and stratospheric cooling visible in 26 years of satellite data indicates that the jet streams have been shifting poleward. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

Why the Cosmological Constant Is Small and Positive

Paul J. Steinhardt and Neil Turok
Science 26 May 2006: 1180-1183.
Published online 4 May 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1126231] (in Science Express Research Articles)
Models in which our universe repeatedly grows from a big bang and then collapse, produce a small cosmological constant consistently, not only as a special case. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Regulatory Blueprint for a Chordate Embryo

Kaoru S. Imai, Michael Levine, Nori Satoh, and Yutaka Satou
Science 26 May 2006: 1183-1187.
Sea squirts, among the simplest of extant chordates, now yield a glimpse at the network of regulatory gene interactions needed to gene rate a chordate animal. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Scale-Free Intermittent Flow in Crystal Plasticity

Dennis M. Dimiduk, Chris Woodward, Richard LeSar, and Michael D. Uchic
Science 26 May 2006: 1188-1190.
The relation between number and size of slip events in deforming nickel microcrystals follows a power law, like slip in ice and avalanches. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Electronic Confinement and Coherence in Patterned Epitaxial Graphene

Claire Berger, Zhimin Song, Xuebin Li, Xiaosong Wu, Nate Brown, Cécile Naud, Didier Mayou, Tianbo Li, Joanna Hass, Alexei N. Marchenkov, Edward H. Conrad, Phillip N. First, and Walt A. de Heer
Science 26 May 2006: 1191-1196.
Published online 13 April 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1125925] (in Science Express Reports)
Thin graphene layers grown on silicon carbide can be patterned into ribbons that exhibit high electrical conductivity and quantum confinement effects at near zero kelvin. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Imaging Bond Formation Between a Gold Atom and Pentacene on an Insulating Surface

Jascha Repp, Gerhard Meyer, Sami Paavilainen, Fredrik E. Olsson, and Mats Persson
Science 26 May 2006: 1196-1199.
A scanning tunneling microscope is used to form, break, control, and image a single bond between a gold atom and an organic molecule adsorbed on an insulating layer. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Carbon Nanotubes as High-Pressure Cylinders and Nanoextruders

L. Sun, F. Banhart, A. V. Krasheninnikov, J. A. Rodríguez-Manzo, M. Terrones, and P. M. Ajayan
Science 26 May 2006: 1199-1202.
Induced defects on the walls of carbon nanotubes cause them to contract, producing a high-pressure chamber that can be probed with an electron microscope. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Earthquake Rupture Stalled by a Subducting Fracture Zone

D. P. Robinson, S. Das, and A. B. Watts
Science 26 May 2006: 1203-1205.
In the great 2001 Peru earthquake, the rupture extended for 70 kilometers, skirted a barrier on the fault, then continued for another 200 kilometers, and 30 seconds later broke the barrier. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reduced Radiative Conductivity of Low-Spin (Mg,Fe)O in the Lower Mantle

Alexander F. Goncharov, Viktor V. Struzhkin, and Steven D. Jacobsen
Science 26 May 2006: 1205-1208.
Measurements show that a spin-pairing transition in iron causes iron oxide minerals in the Earth to become more opaque at high pressure, likely altering heat transfer in the deep mantle. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Structure of the Eukaryotic Thiamine Pyrophosphate Riboswitch with Its Regulatory Ligand

Stéphane Thore, Marc Leibundgut, and Nenad Ban
Science 26 May 2006: 1208-1211.
Published online 4 May 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1128451] (in Science Express Reports)
The structure of a common metabolite bound to a ubiquitous riboswitch shows how its ligand turns it off, suppressing translation of genes for the metabolite’s synthesis. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Yersinia YopJ Acetylates and Inhibits Kinase Activation by Blocking Phosphorylation

Sohini Mukherjee, Gladys Keitany, Yan Li, Yong Wang, Haydn L. Ball, Elizabeth J. Goldsmith, and Kim Orth
Science 26 May 2006: 1211-1214.
The plague-causing bacterium inhibits the innate immune responses of its infected host by blocking the phosphorylation and activation of key signaling enzymes. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Regulatory SNP Causes a Human Genetic Disease by Creating a New Transcriptional Promoter

Marco De Gobbi, Vip Viprakasit, Jim R. Hughes, Chris Fisher, Veronica J. Buckle, Helena Ayyub, Richard J. Gibbons, Douglas Vernimmen, Yuko Yoshinaga, Pieter de Jong, Jan-Fang Cheng, Edward M. Rubin, William G. Wood, Don Bowden, and Douglas R. Higgs
Science 26 May 2006: 1215-1217.
A type of anemia is caused by a change in a single nucleotide, creating a new promoterlike sequence that disrupts transcription of downstream red blood cell genes. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

AXR4 Is Required for Localization of the Auxin Influx Facilitator AUX1

S. Dharmasiri, R. Swarup, K. Mockaitis, N. Dharmasiri, S. K. Singh, M. Kowalchyk, A. Marchant, S. Mills, G. Sandberg, M. J. Bennett, and M. Estelle
Science 26 May 2006: 1218-1220.
Published online 11 May 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1122847] (in Science Express Reports)
An intracellular protein directs a hormone transporter to a specific destination in the plant’s root that allows it to grow selectively downward in response to gravity. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

CRACM1 Is a Plasma Membrane Protein Essential for Store-Operated Ca²⁺ Entry

M. Vig, C. Peinelt, A. Beck, D. L. Koomoa, D. Rabah, M. Koblan-Huberson, S. Kraft, H. Turner, A. Fleig, R. Penner, and J.-P. Kinet
Science 26 May 2006: 1220-1223.
Published online 27 April 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1127883] (in Science Express Reports)
Two membrane proteins that control calcium flow into cells upon depletion of intracellular calcium stores are either part of the elusive calcium release—activated calcium channel or act as its regulators. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Regulation of Adult Bone Mass by the Zinc Finger Adapter Protein Schnurri-3

Dallas C. Jones, Marc N. Wein, Mohamed Oukka, Jochen G. Hofstaetter, Melvin J. Glimcher, and Laurie H. Glimcher
Science 26 May 2006: 1223-1227.
A newly identified regulatory protein maintains the proper proportion of growing bones by controlling the degradation of a bone cell growth factor. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Pituitary Adenoma Predisposition Caused by Germline Mutations in the AIP Gene

Outi Vierimaa, Marianthi Georgitsi, Rainer Lehtonen, Pia Vahteristo, Antti Kokko, Anniina Raitila, Karoliina Tuppurainen, Tapani M. L. Ebeling, Pasi I. Salmela, Ralf Paschke, Sadi Gündogdu, Ernesto De Menis, Markus J. Mäkinen, Virpi Launonen, Auli Karhu, and Lauri A. Aaltonen
Science 26 May 2006: 1228-1230.
Molecular and genealogical data from a Finnish population show that benign but health-threatening tumors of the pituitary gland are caused by mutations in a regulatory gene. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Strong Top-Down Control in Southern California Kelp Forest Ecosystems

Benjamin S. Halpern, Karl Cottenie, and Bernardo R. Broitman
Science 26 May 2006: 1230-1232.
The community structure and biomass of California kelp forests are largely controlled by top-down factors such as predatory fish, rather than by levels of dissolved nutrients. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

Comment on "Heterogeneous Hadean Hafnium: Evidence of Continental Crust at 4.4 to 4.5 Ga"

John W. Valley, Aaron J. Cavosie, Bin Fu, William H. Peck, and Simon A. Wilde
Science 26 May 2006: 1139.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Response to Comment on "Heterogeneous Hadean Hafnium: Evidence of Continental Crust at 4.4 to 4.5 Ga"

T. M. Harrison, J. Blichert-Toft, W. Müller, F. Albarede, P. Holden, and S. J. Mojzsis
Science 26 May 2006: 1139.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|