This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 5 May 2006: 653.
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Editorial:
The High Cost of Coming to America

Al Teich and Wendy D. White
Science 5 May 2006: 657.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 5 May 2006: 659.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 5 May 2006: 665.
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News of the Week

VETERANS ADMINISTRATION: Texas Earmark Allots Millions to Disputed Theory of Gulf War Illness

Jennifer Couzin
Science 5 May 2006: 668.
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BIOMEDICINE: Genes and Chronic Fatigue: How Strong Is the Evidence?

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 5 May 2006: 669-671.
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U.S. RESEARCH FUNDING: Industry Shrinks Academic Support

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 5 May 2006: 671.
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QUANTUM OPTICS: A New Way to Beat the Limits on Shrinking Transistors?

Adrian Cho
Science 5 May 2006: 672.
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IMMUNOLOGY: Differences in Immune Cell "Brakes" May Explain Chimp-Human Split on AIDS

Jon Cohen
Science 5 May 2006: 672-673.
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NEUROBIOLOGY: Despite Mutated Gene, Mouse Circadian Clock Keeps on Ticking

Greg Miller
Science 5 May 2006: 673.
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ENERGY RESEARCH: Industry Conservation Programs Face White House Cuts

Eli Kintisch
Science 5 May 2006: 675.
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ScienceScope

Science 5 May 2006: 671.
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Random Samples

Science 5 May 2006: 667.
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Newsmakers

Science 5 May 2006: 687.
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News Focus

CLIMATOLOGY: A Tempestuous Birth for Hurricane Climatology

Richard A. Kerr
Science 5 May 2006: 676-678.
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NUCLEAR PHYSICS: Indian Angst Over Atomic Pact

Pallava Bagla
Science 5 May 2006: 679.
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NEUROSCIENCE: The Map in the Brain: Grid Cells May Help Us Navigate

Karen Heyman
Science 5 May 2006: 680-681.
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PHYSICS: Tipping the Scales--Just Barely

Robert F. Service
Science 5 May 2006: 683.
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ASTRONOMY: Rising From the Ashes

Dennis Normile
Science 5 May 2006: 684-685.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 5 May 2006: 689.
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 Debating Sexual Selection and Mating Strategies

Sasha R. X. Dall, John M. McNamara, Nina Wedell, David J. Hosken;, C. (Kate) M. Lessells, Andrew T. D. Bennett, Tim R. Birkhead, Nick Colegrave, Paul H. Harvey, Ben Hatchwell, John Hunt, Allen J. Moore, Geoff A. Parker, Scott Pitnick, Tommaso Pizzari, Jacek Radwan, Mike Ritchie, Ben C. Sheldon, David M. Shuker, Leigh W. Simmons, Paula Stockley, Tom Tregenza, Marlene Zuk;, Mark W. Blows, Rob Brooks, Katherine L. Buchanan, Tim H. Clutton-Brock, Michael D. Jennions, Hanna Kokko, Janne S. Kotiaho, Constantino Macias-García, Linda Partridge, Rhonda R. Snook;, David M. Buss;, Troy Day, David Houle, Locke Rowe;, Michael T. Ghiselin;, Peter L. Hurd;, Geoffrey Miller;, Jeffrey Stewart;, Joan Roughgarden, Erol Akçay, and Meeko Oishi
Science 5 May 2006: 689-697.
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 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 5 May 2006: 697.
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Books et al.

BIOMEDICINE: Lipids, Genes, and Health

James M. Ntambi
Science 5 May 2006: 698.
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RESEARCH CONDUCT: Under Suspicion

Derek T. Scholes
Science 5 May 2006: 698-699.
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 Browsings

Science 5 May 2006: 699.
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Books Received

Science 5 May 2006: 699.
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Policy Forum

ANIMAL RESEARCH: Enhanced: Harmonization of Animal Care and Use Guidance

Gilles Demers, Gilly Griffin, Guy De Vroey, Joseph R. Haywood, Joanne Zurlo, and Marie Bédard
Science 5 May 2006: 700-701.
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Perspectives

PLANETARY SCIENCE: Linear Dunes on Titan

Nicholas Lancaster
Science 5 May 2006: 702-703.
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CHEMISTRY: Shuttling Polyolefins to a New Materials Dimension

Vernon C. Gibson
Science 5 May 2006: 703-704.
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SOCIAL SCIENCE: The Pleasures and Pains of Information

George Loewenstein
Science 5 May 2006: 704-706.
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PLANETARY SCIENCE: The Primordial Porridge

Bernard Marty
Science 5 May 2006: 706-707.
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GEOCHEMISTRY: Follow the Nitrogen

Douglas G. Capone, Radu Popa, Beverly Flood, and Kenneth H. Nealson
Science 5 May 2006: 708-709.
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IMMUNOLOGY: B Cells Spread and Gather

Margaret M. Harnett
Science 5 May 2006: 709-710.
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RETROSPECTIVE: Nicholas J. Shackleton (1937-2006)

William F. Ruddiman
Science 5 May 2006: 711.
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Brevia

Environmental Monitoring by Wireless Communication Networks

Hagit Messer, Artem Zinevich, and Pinhas Alpert
Science 5 May 2006: 713.
A real-time map of rainfall intensity can be recovered by measuring the attenuation in signals from cell phones in a network. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Article

Catalytic Production of Olefin Block Copolymers via Chain Shuttling Polymerization

Daniel J. Arriola, Edmund M. Carnahan, Phillip D. Hustad, Roger L. Kuhlman, and Timothy T. Wenzel
Science 5 May 2006: 714-719.
A molecule that shuttles growing polymers back and forth between two catalysts to produce a segmented chain allows high efficiency and fine control of the polymers’ elastic properties. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Producing Ultrastrong Magnetic Fields in Neutron Star Mergers

D. J. Price and S. Rosswog
Science 5 May 2006: 719-722.
Published online 30 March 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1125201] (in Science Express Reports)
Simulations of the merging of a neutron star binary pair show that magnetic fields can be amplified strongly and quickly, before the stars collapse to form a black hole. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Cyclopropenylidenes: From Interstellar Space to an Isolated Derivative in the Laboratory

Vincent Lavallo, Yves Canac, Bruno Donnadieu, Wolfgang W. Schoeller, and Guy Bertrand
Science 5 May 2006: 722-724.
Published online 13 April 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1126675] (in Science Express Reports)
The triangular C₃H₂ molecule, which appears to be stable only in the near-vacuum of interstellar space, has been isolated by appending amino groups to the ring. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Sand Seas of Titan: Cassini RADAR Observations of Longitudinal Dunes

R. D. Lorenz, S. Wall, J. Radebaugh, G. Boubin, E. Reffet, M. Janssen, E. Stofan, R. Lopes, R. Kirk, C. Elachi, J. Lunine, K. Mitchell, F. Paganelli, L. Soderblom, C. Wood, L. Wye, H. Zebker, Y. Anderson, S. Ostro, M. Allison, R. Boehmer, P. Callahan, P. Encrenaz, G. G. Ori, G. Francescetti, Y. Gim, G. Hamilton, S. Hensley, W. Johnson, K. Kelleher, D. Muhleman, G. Picardi, F. Posa, L. Roth, R. Seu, S. Shaffer, B. Stiles, S. Vetrella, E. Flamini, and R. West
Science 5 May 2006: 724-727.
Radar images of Saturn’s moon Titan show that large regions of its surface are covered in dunes up to 150 meters high, produced by regular winds acting on sand-sized grains. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Interstellar Chemistry Recorded in Organic Matter from Primitive Meteorites

Henner Busemann, Andrea F. Young, Conel M. O'D. Alexander, Peter Hoppe, Sujoy Mukhopadhyay, and Larry R. Nittler
Science 5 May 2006: 727-730.
Hydrogen and nitrogen isotopes in organic matter of primitive meteorites suggest that much of this material is unaltered and formed in the cold presolar nebula, not later. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Lower Cambrian Vendobionts from China and Early Diploblast Evolution

D.-G. Shu, S. Conway Morris, J. Han, Y. Li, X.-L. Zhang, H. Hua, Z.-F. Zhang, J.-N. Liu, J.-F. Guo, Y. Yao, and K. Yasui
Science 5 May 2006: 731-734.
A Cambrian fossil with closely spaced branches closely resembles one of several enigmatic animals from the late Precambrian, providing a possible evolutionary link. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Defective Lipolysis and Altered Energy Metabolism in Mice Lacking Adipose Triglyceride Lipase

Guenter Haemmerle, Achim Lass, Robert Zimmermann, Gregor Gorkiewicz, Carola Meyer, Jan Rozman, Gerhard Heldmaier, Robert Maier, Christian Theussl, Sandra Eder, Dagmar Kratky, Erwin F. Wagner, Martin Klingenspor, Gerald Hoefler, and Rudolf Zechner
Science 5 May 2006: 734-737.
Mice deficient in the enzyme that degrades the lipids in fat show abnormal metabolism and massive lipid accumulation in the heart, resulting in premature death. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

B Cell Ligand Discrimination Through a Spreading and Contraction Response

S. J. Fleire, J. P. Goldman, Y. R. Carrasco, M. Weber, D. Bray, and F. D. Batista
Science 5 May 2006: 738-741.
For maximal activation, antibody-producing immune cells extend their membranes over the surface of other cells, thus gathering stimulating molecules into a cluster. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Structure of the Multidrug Transporter EmrD from Escherichia coli

Yong Yin, Xiao He, Paul Szewczyk, That Nguyen, and Geoffrey Chang
Science 5 May 2006: 741-744.
A transporter in the E. coli inner membrane confers resistance to hydrophobic drugs by binding them with specialized loops within the membrane and then exporting them. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Signal Recognition Particle Receptor Exposes the Ribosomal Translocon Binding Site

Mario Halic, Marco Gartmann, Oliver Schlenker, Thorsten Mielke, Martin R. Pool, Irmgard Sinning, and Roland Beckmann
Science 5 May 2006: 745-747.
New proteins emerging from ribosomes can form a docking complex that exposes a binding site for the translocon, which guides the new proteins across the membrane. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Recognition of Histone H3 Lysine-4 Methylation by the Double Tudor Domain of JMJD2A

Ying Huang, Jia Fang, Mark T. Bedford, Yi Zhang, and Rui-Ming Xu
Science 5 May 2006: 748-751.
Published online 6 April 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1125162] (in Science Express Reports)
Tandem domains form an interdigitated structure that is required to recognize and demethylate methylated histone tails, a reaction important for gene regulation. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Embryonic Vertebrate Heart Tube Is a Dynamic Suction Pump

Arian S. Forouhar, Michael Liebling, Anna Hickerson, Abbas Nasiraei-Moghaddam, Huai-Jen Tsai, Jay R. Hove, Scott E. Fraser, Mary E. Dickinson, and Morteza Gharib
Science 5 May 2006: 751-753.
Imaging shows that the embryonic, unchambered vertebrate heart develops as a fluid dynamic pump, not a peristaltic pump as had been assumed. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Neurobiological Substrates of Dread

Gregory S. Berns, Jonathan Chappelow, Milos Cekic, Caroline F. Zink, Giuseppe Pagnoni, and Megan E. Martin-Skurski
Science 5 May 2006: 754-758.
The pain centers are preferentially activated in the brains of people who prefer to suffer unpleasantness promptly, avoiding anticipatory dread. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Conjunctive Representation of Position, Direction, and Velocity in Entorhinal Cortex

Francesca Sargolini, Marianne Fyhn, Torkel Hafting, Bruce L. McNaughton, Menno P. Witter, May-Britt Moser, and Edvard I. Moser
Science 5 May 2006: 758-762.
In rats, one region of the cortex contains cells that code the animal’s position, head direction, and speed, and may integrate this information to provide a sense of its spatial location. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|