Influenza

Influenza: The State of Our Ignorance

Caroline Ash and Leslie Roberts
Science 21 April 2006: 379.
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News

A One-Size-Fits-All Flu Vaccine?

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 21 April 2006: 380-382.
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Oseltamivir Becomes Plentiful--But Still Not Cheap

Martin Enserink
Science 21 April 2006: 382-383.
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Perspectives

Emergence of Drug-Resistant Influenza Virus: Population Dynamical Considerations

Roland R. Regoes and Sebastian Bonhoeffer
Science 21 April 2006: 389-391.
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Predictability and Preparedness in Influenza Control

Derek J. Smith
Science 21 April 2006: 392-394.
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Host Species Barriers to Influenza Virus Infections

Thijs Kuiken, Edward C. Holmes, John McCauley, Guus F. Rimmelzwaan, Catherine S. Williams, and Bryan T. Grenfell
Science 21 April 2006: 394-397.
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Review

Global Patterns of Influenza A Virus in Wild Birds

Björn Olsen, Vincent J. Munster, Anders Wallensten, Jonas Waldenström, Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus, and Ron A. M. Fouchier
Science 21 April 2006: 384-388.
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This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 21 April 2006: 333.
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Editorial:
Early Diagnosis of Avian Influenza

Peter S. Lu
Science 21 April 2006: 337.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 21 April 2006: 338.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 21 April 2006: 343.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 21 April 2006: 455.
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News of the Week

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH: Court Decides Tissue Samples Belong to University, Not Patients

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 21 April 2006: 346.
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WOMEN IN SCIENCE: Progress on Hiring Women Science Faculty Members Stalls at MIT

Andrew Lawler
Science 21 April 2006: 347-348.
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SCIENCE POLICY: NSF Begins a Push to Measure Societal Impacts of Research

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 21 April 2006: 347.
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COSMOLOGY: Skewed Starlight Suggests Particle Masses Changed Over Eons

Adrian Cho
Science 21 April 2006: 348.
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DEVELOPMENT: Gene-Suppressing Proteins Reveal Secrets of Stem Cells

Constance Holden
Science 21 April 2006: 349.
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GEOPHYSICS: Opening the Door to a Chilly New Climate Regime

Richard A. Kerr
Science 21 April 2006: 350.
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SOUTHEAST ASIA: Thai Scientists Secure Royally Inspired Windfall

Richard Stone
Science 21 April 2006: 350.
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CLIMATOLOGY: Latest Forecast: Stand By for a Warmer, But Not Scorching, World

Richard A. Kerr
Science 21 April 2006: 351.
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ScienceScope

Science 21 April 2006: 349.
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Random Samples

Science 21 April 2006: 345.
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Newsmakers

Science 21 April 2006: 363.
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News Focus

ISRAEL-PALESTINE SCIENCE: Bridging the Divide in the Holy Land

John Bohannon
Science 21 April 2006: 352-356.
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ISRAEL-PALESTINE SCIENCE: Palestinian Archaeology Braces for a Storm

John Bohannon
Science 21 April 2006: 352-353.
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ISRAEL-PALESTINE SCIENCE: Breaking Up Bomb Plots--and Habitats?

John Bohannon
Science 21 April 2006: 354-355.
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CANCER RESEARCH: After Regime Change at the National Cancer Institute

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 21 April 2006: 357-359.
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MEETING BRIEFS: Graves of the Pacific's First Seafarers Revealed

Richard Stone
Science 21 April 2006: 360.
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MEETING BRIEFS: When in Vietnam, Build Boats as the Romans Do

Richard Stone
Science 21 April 2006: 360-361.
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MEETING BRIEFS: Java Man's First Tools

Richard Stone
Science 21 April 2006: 361.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 21 April 2006: 365.
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 Assessing Clinical Trial Results

Matthew James Cockerill, Melissa Norton;, Emma Veitch;, An-Wen Chan, Ida Sim, A. Metin Gülmezoglu, Patrick Unterlerchner, Ghassan Karam, Tikki Pang;, and Celia B. Fisher
Science 21 April 2006: 365-366.
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 Ethics Issues in Stem Cell Research

International Stem Cell Forum Ethics Working Party
Science 21 April 2006: 366-367.
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Books et al.

EDUCATION: Toward Rational Education Policy

Robert L. DeHaan
Science 21 April 2006: 368.
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MATHEMATICS AND ART: CT Scans vs. X-rays

Marjorie Senechal
Science 21 April 2006: 368-369.
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Books Received

Science 21 April 2006: 369.
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Policy Forum

GENETICS: No Longer De-Identified

Amy L. McGuire and Richard A. Gibbs
Science 21 April 2006: 370-371.
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Perspectives

ECOLOGY: Mutualistic Webs of Species

John N. Thompson
Science 21 April 2006: 372-373.
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CHEMISTRY: The First Femtosecond in the Life of a Chemical Reaction

Philip H. Bucksbaum
Science 21 April 2006: 373-374.
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APPLIED PHYSICS: Laser-Driven Particle Accelerators

Mike Dunne
Science 21 April 2006: 374-376.
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MATERIALS SCIENCE: Enhanced: Self-Assembly of Unusual Nanoparticle Crystals

Orlin D. Velev
Science 21 April 2006: 376-377.
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PHARMACOLOGY: Hitting the Hot Spots of Cell Signaling Cascades

John Joseph Grubb Tesmer
Science 21 April 2006: 377-378.
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Brevia

H5N1 Virus Attachment to Lower Respiratory Tract

Debby van Riel, Vincent J. Munster, Emmie de Wit, Guus F. Rimmelzwaan, Ron A. M. Fouchier, Ab D. M. E. Osterhaus, and Thijs Kuiken
Science 21 April 2006: 399.
Published online 23 March 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1125548] (in Science Express Brevia)
Avian influenza H5N1 attaches most efficiently to cell types located deep in the lungs of some mammals, influencing pathology and transmissibility. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

Global Mineralogical and Aqueous Mars History Derived from OMEGA/Mars Express Data

Jean-Pierre Bibring, Yves Langevin, John F. Mustard, François Poulet, Raymond Arvidson, Aline Gendrin, Brigitte Gondet, Nicolas Mangold, P. Pinet, F. Forget, the OMEGA team, Michel Berthé, Jean-Pierre Bibring, Aline Gendrin, Cécile Gomez, Brigitte Gondet, Denis Jouglet, François Poulet, Alain Soufflot, Mathieu Vincendon, Michel Combes, Pierre Drossart, Thérèse Encrenaz, Thierry Fouchet, Riccardo Merchiorri, GianCarlo Belluci, Francesca Altieri, Vittorio Formisano, Fabricio Capaccioni, Pricilla Cerroni, Angioletta Coradini, Sergio Fonti, Oleg Korablev, Volodia Kottsov, Nikolai Ignatiev, Vassili Moroz, Dimitri Titov, Ludmilla Zasova, Damien Loiseau, Nicolas Mangold, Patrick Pinet, Sylvain Douté, Bernard Schmitt, Christophe Sotin, Ernst Hauber, Harald Hoffmann, Ralf Jaumann, Uwe Keller, Ray Arvidson, John F. Mustard, Tom Duxbury, François Forget, and G. Neukum
Science 21 April 2006: 400-404.
Only the oldest rocks on Mars have abundant hydrous and sulfur-bearing minerals, implying that water was widespread on the planet before, but not after, 3.5 billion years ago. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Structure and Receptor Specificity of the Hemagglutinin from an H5N1 Influenza Virus

James Stevens, Ola Blixt, Terrence M. Tumpey, Jeffery K. Taubenberger, James C. Paulson, and Ian A. Wilson
Science 21 April 2006: 404-410.
Published online 16 March 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1124513] (in Science Express Research Articles)
A surface protein on the "bird flu" virus binds avian cells and with a few mutations could allow more avid attachment to human cells, facilitating infection. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Ultrafast Laser-Driven Microlens to Focus and Energy-Select Mega-Electron Volt Protons

Toma Toncian, Marco Borghesi, Julien Fuchs, Emmanuel d'Humières, Patrizio Antici, Patrick Audebert, Erik Brambrink, Carlo Alberto Cecchetti, Ariane Pipahl, Lorenzo Romagnani, and Oswald Willi
Science 21 April 2006: 410-413.
Published online 16 February 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1124412] (in Science Express Reports)
A coordinated pair of intense laser pulses—one on a thin solid and one on a small cylinder connected to it—can produce a focused beam of high-energy protons. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Bolometric Infrared Photoresponse of Suspended Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Films

Mikhail E. Itkis, Ferenc Borondics, Aiping Yu, and Robert C. Haddon
Science 21 April 2006: 413-416.
Films of single-walled carbon nanotubes suspended in a vacuum have remarkably high electrical conductivity when illuminated, a result of efficient heating. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Atomic Pillar-Based Nanoprecipitates Strengthen AlMgSi Alloys

J. H. Chen, E. Costan, M. A. van Huis, Q. Xu, and H. W. Zandbergen
Science 21 April 2006: 416-419.
Atomic imaging reveals that pillar-like double columns of silicon form the skeleton that strengthens aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Electrostatic Self-Assembly of Binary Nanoparticle Crystals with a Diamond-Like Lattice

Alexander M. Kalsin, Marcin Fialkowski, Maciej Paszewski, Stoyan K. Smoukov, Kyle J. M. Bishop, and Bartosz A. Grzybowski
Science 21 April 2006: 420-424.
Published online 23 February 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1125124] (in Science Express Reports)
Oppositely charged nanoparticles self-assemble into mega–crystal lattices when the extent of their electrostatic interaction is similar to their size. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Probing Proton Dynamics in Molecules on an Attosecond Time Scale

S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smith, C. C. Chirila, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos
Science 21 April 2006: 424-427.
Published online 2 March 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1123904] (in Science Express Reports)
Nuclear motion in H2 and methane could be clocked less than a femtosecond after ionization by analysis of the photons released through electron-ion recombination. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Timing and Climatic Consequences of the Opening of Drake Passage

Howie D. Scher and Ellen E. Martin
Science 21 April 2006: 428-430.
The passage between South America and Antarctica opened 6 million years before the passage between Australia and Antarctica opened, allowing formation of the circumpolar current. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Asymmetric Coevolutionary Networks Facilitate Biodiversity Maintenance

Jordi Bascompte, Pedro Jordano, and Jens M. Olesen
Science 21 April 2006: 431-433.
Large-scale analysis of many plant-animal networks shows that one-sided relationships (a plant depends on a moth for pollination, for example) confer stability on the community. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Stability via Asynchrony in Drosophila Metapopulations with Low Migration Rates

Sutirth Dey and Amitabh Joshi
Science 21 April 2006: 434-436.
Patchy populations of Drosophila are more stable if only low levels of migration are permitted between patches; high levels increase synchrony and thus vulnerability. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Plant miRNA Contributes to Antibacterial Resistance by Repressing Auxin Signaling

Lionel Navarro, Patrice Dunoyer, Florence Jay, Benedict Arnold, Nihal Dharmasiri, Mark Estelle, Olivier Voinnet, and Jonathan D. G. Jones
Science 21 April 2006: 436-439.
Arabidopsis reacts to a bacterial infection by induction of a small RNA that inhibits signaling of a plant hormone, which in turn increases its resistance to the microbe. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Nuclear Pores Form de Novo from Both Sides of the Nuclear Envelope

Maximiliano A. D'Angelo, Daniel J. Anderson, Erin Richard, and Martin W. Hetzer
Science 21 April 2006: 440-443.
The protein pores that transport molecules through the double-bilayered membrane of the cell nucleus form in situ, with constituents contributed from both sides. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Differential Targeting of Gß-Subunit Signaling with Small Molecules

Tabetha M. Bonacci, Jennifer L. Mathews, Chujun Yuan, David M. Lehmann, Sundeep Malik, Dianqing Wu, Jose L. Font, Jean M. Bidlack, and Alan V. Smrcka
Science 21 April 2006: 443-446.
A screen for small molecules that bind to the interaction region of a key signaling protein yields several that selectively inhibit individual downstream pathways. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Synchrony, Waves, and Spatial Hierarchies in the Spread of Influenza

Cécile Viboud, Ottar N. Bjørnstad, David L. Smith, Lone Simonsen, Mark A. Miller, and Bryan T. Grenfell
Science 21 April 2006: 447-451.
Published online 30 March 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1125237] (in Science Express Reports)
Thirty years of data indicate that in the United States, seasonal flu epidemics often spread by adult-to-adult transfer during commuting on public transportation. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

RNA Interference Directs Innate Immunity Against Viruses in Adult Drosophila

Xiao-Hong Wang, Roghiyh Aliyari, Wan-Xiang Li, Hong-Wei Li, Kevin Kim, Richard Carthew, Peter Atkinson, and Shou-Wei Ding
Science 21 April 2006: 452-454.
Published online 23 March 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1125694] (in Science Express Reports)
Insects use small RNA silencing mechanisms to neutralize invading viral pathogens. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

Comment on "Phylogenetic MCMC Algorithms Are Misleading on Mixtures of Trees"

Fredrik Ronquist, Bret Larget, John P. Huelsenbeck, Joseph B. Kadane, Donald Simon, and Paul van der Mark
Science 21 April 2006: 367.
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Response to Comment on "Phylogenetic MCMC Algorithms Are Misleading on Mixtures of Trees"

Elchanan Mossel and Eric Vigoda
Science 21 April 2006: 367.
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