This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 3 February 2006: 573.
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Editorial:
Advancing the Frontiers

Alan I. Leshner
Science 3 February 2006: 577.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 3 February 2006: 579.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 3 February 2006: 585.
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Gordon Research Conferences

Science 3 February 2006: 676-699.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 3 February 2006: 675.
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News of the Week

SCIENCE EDUCATION: Strategies Evolve as Candidates Prepare for Kansas Board Races

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 3 February 2006: 588-589.
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PLANETARY SCIENCE: New Hubble Image Cuts the "10th Planet" Down to Size

Robert Irion
Science 3 February 2006: 589.
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EVOLUTION: Hidden Genetic Variation Yields Caterpillar of a Different Color

Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 3 February 2006: 591.
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INFECTIOUS DISEASES: Tackling Neglected Diseases Could Offer More Bang for the Buck

Gretchen Vogel
Science 3 February 2006: 592-593.
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GLOBAL WARMING: Climate Change Demands Action, Says U.K. Report

Daniel Clery
Science 3 February 2006: 592.
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BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH POLICY: NIH Lends a Hand to Postdocs Seeking to Become Independent Researchers

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 3 February 2006: 593.
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THEORETICAL PHYSICS: Ring Around a Quasar May Deflate Quantum Foam After All

Adrian Cho
Science 3 February 2006: 594.
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U.S. INNOVATION: Bandwagon Builds for Energy Research

Eli Kintisch
Science 3 February 2006: 594-595.
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SCIENTIFIC CONDUCT: Panel Discredits Findings of Tokyo University Team

Dennis Normile
Science 3 February 2006: 595.
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ScienceScope

Science 3 February 2006: 591.
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Random Samples

Science 3 February 2006: 587.
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Newsmakers

Science 3 February 2006: 605.
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News Focus

NEUROSCIENCE: A Timely Debate About the Brain

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 3 February 2006: 596-598.
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ARATA KOCHI PROFILE: Fighting Words From WHO's New Malaria Chief

John Bohannon
Science 3 February 2006: 599.
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BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING: Spending Itself Out of Existence, Whitaker Brings a Field to Life

David Grimm
Science 3 February 2006: 600-601.
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AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY MEETING: Laser Points to Bright New Era for Ground-Based Astronomy

Robert Irion
Science 3 February 2006: 602-603.
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AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY MEETING: Pulsar Sets a Dizzying Standard

Robert Irion
Science 3 February 2006: 602.
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AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY MEETING: Pesky Companions Warp the Milky Way

Robert Irion
Science 3 February 2006: 603.
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AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY MEETING: Snapshots From the Meeting

Robert Irion
Science 3 February 2006: 603.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 3 February 2006: 606.
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 Reactions to the Hwang Scandal

Sang Chul Park;, Stuart H. Orkin;, T. John Martin;, and L. Stephen Kwok
Science 3 February 2006: 606-607.
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 Questions About Forensic Science

Rockne Harmon, Bruce Budowle;, Glenn Langenburg;, Max M. Houck;, Jan Seaman Kelly;, Michael J. Saks, and Jonathan J. Koehler
Science 3 February 2006: 607-610.
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 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 3 February 2006: 610.
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Books et al.

SCIENCE AND RELIGION: A Compassionate Universe?

Esther Sternberg
Science 3 February 2006: 611-612.
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SCIENCE AND LITERATURE: Reading with Selection in Mind

Harold Fromm
Science 3 February 2006: 612-613.
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 Browsings

Science 3 February 2006: 613.
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Books Received

Science 3 February 2006: 613.
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Policy Forum

RESEARCH CONDUCT: Lessons of the Stem Cell Scandal

Mildred K. Cho, Glenn McGee, and David Magnus
Science 3 February 2006: 614-615.
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PUBLIC HEALTH: Community Studies for Vaccinating Schoolchildren Against Influenza

M. Elizabeth Halloran and Ira M. Longini Jr.
Science 3 February 2006: 615-616.
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Perspectives

NEUROSCIENCE: What's in a Face?

Nancy Kanwisher
Science 3 February 2006: 617-618.
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ASTRONOMY: Big Fields on Small Stars

Gibor Basri
Science 3 February 2006: 618-619.
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CHEMISTRY: Better Asymmetric Reactions

Martin Wills
Science 3 February 2006: 619-620.
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EPIDEMIOLOGY: Enhanced: Understanding HIV Epidemic Trends in Africa

Richard Hayes and Helen Weiss
Science 3 February 2006: 620-621.
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Review

Toxic Potential of Materials at the Nanolevel

Andre Nel, Tian Xia, Lutz Mädler, and Ning Li
Science 3 February 2006: 622-627.
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Brevia

Effective Seed Dispersal Across a Fragmented Landscape

Cecile F. E. Bacles, Andrew J. Lowe, and Richard A. Ennos
Science 3 February 2006: 628.
Dispersal of seeds, rather than pollen, maintains gene flow among forest remnants for a wind-pollinated, wind-dispersed tree in the Scottish Southern Uplands. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Article

New Neurons Follow the Flow of Cerebrospinal Fluid in the Adult Brain

Kazunobu Sawamoto, Hynek Wichterle, Oscar Gonzalez-Perez, Jeremy A. Cholfin, Masayuki Yamada, Nathalie Spassky, Noel S. Murcia, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Oscar Marin, John L. R. Rubenstein, Marc Tessier-Lavigne, Hideyuki Okano, and Arturo Alvarez-Buylla
Science 3 February 2006: 629-632.
Published online 12 January 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1119133] (in Science Express Research Articles)
Fluid flow set up by the coordinated beating of cilia along the brain's ventricles carries signaling factors that guide neurons migrating through the underlying tissue. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

The Large-Scale Axisymmetric Magnetic Topology of a Very-Low-Mass Fully Convective Star

Jean-François Donati, Thierry Forveille, Andrew Collier Cameron, John R. Barnes, Xavier Delfosse, Moira M. Jardine, and Jeff A. Valenti
Science 3 February 2006: 633-635.
Tomographic imaging with polarized light from a low-mass star reveals that its magnetic field is strong and dipolar despite vigorous convection. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Optical Signatures of Coupled Quantum Dots

E. A. Stinaff, M. Scheibner, A. S. Bracker, I. V. Ponomarev, V. L. Korenev, M. E. Ware, M. F. Doty, T. L. Reinecke, and D. Gammon
Science 3 February 2006: 636-639.
Published online 12 January 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1121189] (in Science Express Reports)
A combination of electric field resonances and optical excitation can couple a pair of neutral and charged quantum dots, which can then exchange quantum-stored information. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Plasticization-Enhanced Hydrogen Purification Using Polymeric Membranes

Haiqing Lin, Elizabeth Van Wagner, Benny D. Freeman, Lora G. Toy, and Raghubir P. Gupta
Science 3 February 2006: 639-642.
Highly branched, cross-linked polymer membranes can effectively remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide during hydrogen purification, even at high pressures. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Unfunctionalized, Purely Alkyl-Substituted Olefins

Sharon Bell, Bettina Wüstenberg, Stefan Kaiser, Frederik Menges, Thomas Netscher, and Andreas Pfaltz
Science 3 February 2006: 642-644.
Published online 8 December 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1121977] (in Science Express Reports)
An iridium catalyst accomplishes the longstanding goal of adding hydrogen across alkyl-substituted carbon double bonds to generate homochiral products, a common reaction in organic synthesis. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Plastic Deformation of MgGeO₃ Post-Perovskite at Lower Mantle Pressures

Sébastien Merkel, Atsushi Kubo, Lowell Miyagi, Sergio Speziale, Thomas S. Duffy, Ho-kwang Mao, and Hans-Rudolf Wenk
Science 3 February 2006: 644-646.
Experiments on an analog of a major mineral in Earth's deepest mantle imply that alignment of mineral grains by flow could explain observed seismic signals. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Natural and Experimental Evidence of Melt Lubrication of Faults During Earthquakes

Giulio Di Toro, Takehiro Hirose, Stefan Nielsen, Giorgio Pennacchioni, and Toshihiko Shimamoto
Science 3 February 2006: 647-649.
Experiments and analysis on natural faults show that melt produced by friction during faulting weakens the fault, allowing sliding at lower stresses. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Evolution of a Polyphenism by Genetic Accommodation

Yuichiro Suzuki and H. Frederik Nijhout
Science 3 February 2006: 650-652.
Laboratory selection for tobacco hornworms that change color when warm produces a polyphenism, in which one genome yields alternative phenotypes in different environments. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Resolving the Motional Modes That Code for RNA Adaptation

Qi Zhang, Xiaoyan Sun, Eric D. Watt, and Hashim M. Al-Hashimi
Science 3 February 2006: 653-656.
Motions of local and larger domain regions in a regulatory RNA allow it to take on different conformations, enabling it to bind to diverse targets. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Structure of Human Urokinase Plasminogen Activator in Complex with Its Receptor

Qing Huai, Andrew P. Mazar, Alice Kuo, Graham C. Parry, David E. Shaw, Jennifer Callahan, Yongdong Li, Cai Yuan, Chuanbing Bian, Liqing Chen, Bruce Furie, Barbara C. Furie, Douglas B. Cines, and Mingdong Huang
Science 3 February 2006: 656-659.
The structure of a receptor-ligand complex implicated in tumor growth and metastasis may provide a basis for the design of anticancer drugs. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Fish Population and Behavior Revealed by Instantaneous Continental Shelf-Scale Imaging

Nicholas C. Makris, Purnima Ratilal, Deanelle T. Symonds, Srinivasan Jagannathan, Sunwoong Lee, and Redwood W. Nero
Science 3 February 2006: 660-663.
A remote-sensing method can detect shoals of fish that are thousands of square kilometers in size, revealing their migration habits and group behavior. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

HIV Decline Associated with Behavior Change in Eastern Zimbabwe

Simon Gregson, Geoffrey P. Garnett, Constance A. Nyamukapa, Timothy B. Hallett, James J. C. Lewis, Peter R. Mason, Stephen K. Chandiwana, and Roy M. Anderson
Science 3 February 2006: 664-666.
A decrease in HIV infections in Zimbabwe may reflect a larger trend across sub-Saharan Africa resulting from national programs, condom use, and fear of AIDS. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Rats Smell in Stereo

Raghav Rajan, James P. Clement, and Upinder S. Bhalla
Science 3 February 2006: 666-670.
Like vision and audition in humans, olfaction in rats is a stereo sense, in which relative timing and intensity of the stimulus in each nostril helps to locate the source of odors. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Cortical Region Consisting Entirely of Face-Selective Cells

Doris Y. Tsao, Winrich A. Freiwald, Roger B. H. Tootell, and Margaret S. Livingstone
Science 3 February 2006: 670-674.
All of the neurons within a discrete part of the cortex of the macaque monkey are activated exclusively by faces. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

Comment on "Neutral Ecological Theory Reveals Isolation and Rapid Speciation in a Biodiversity Hot Spot"

Rampal S. Etienne, Andrew M. Latimer, John A. Silander, Jr., and Richard M. Cowling
Science 3 February 2006: 610.
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