This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 19 August 2005: 1149.
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Editorial:
Anniversary Reflections

Donald Kennedy
Science 19 August 2005: 1153.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 19 August 2005: 1155.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 19 August 2005: 1161.
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New Products

Science 19 August 2005: 1264.
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News of the Week

WILDLIFE BIOLOGY:
'Genetic Rescue' Helps Panthers but Puts Researchers on the Spot

Erik Stokstad
Science 19 August 2005: 1162.
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EVOLUTION:
Kansas Prepares New Standards

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 19 August 2005: 1163.
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HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS:
Costs Force NSF to Cancel Brookhaven Project

Jeffrey Mervis and Adrian Cho
Science 19 August 2005: 1163-1164.
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U.S. POLAR SCIENCE:
NSF Taps Russian Vessel for Antarctic Icebreaking

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 19 August 2005: 1164-1165.
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SPACE AND EARTH SCIENCES:
Budget Woes Greet NASA Science Chief

Andrew Lawler
Science 19 August 2005: 1165.
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IMMUNOLOGY:
Versatile Development Gene Aids Insect Immune Response

Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 19 August 2005: 1166-1167.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE:
Sperm Whales Bear Testimony to Worldwide Pollution

Dan Ferber
Science 19 August 2005: 1166.
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ASTRONOMY:
Second Failure Cripples Suzaku Satellite

Dennis Normile
Science 19 August 2005: 1167.
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ScienceScope

Science 19 August 2005: 1165.
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Random Samples

Science 19 August 2005: 1180.
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News Focus

NUCLEAR POWER:
Is the Friendly Atom Poised for a Comeback?

Eliot Marshall
Science 19 August 2005: 1168-1169.
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MAP:
Nuclear Power's Expanding Territory

Mason Inman
Science 19 August 2005: 1170-1171.
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REACTORS:
Nuclear Industry Dares to Dream of a New Dawn

Daniel Clery
Science 19 August 2005: 1172-1175.
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RETHINKING NUCLEAR POWER:
India's Homegrown Thorium Reactor

Pallava Bagla
Science 19 August 2005: 1174-1175.
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ASIA:
Asia's Demand for Electricity Fuels a Regional Nuclear Boom

Gong Yidong and Dennis Normile
Science 19 August 2005: 1177-1178.
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RETHINKING NUCLEAR POWER:
Down to Earth: Lingering Nuclear Waste

Mason Inman
Science 19 August 2005: 1179.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 19 August 2005: 1182.
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 The Problem of Child Sexual Abuse

Paul Fink;, John Read;, Robyn M. Dawes;, John F. Kihlstrom, Richard J. McNally, Elizabeth F. Loftus, Harrison G. Pope, Jr.;, Jennifer J. Freyd, Frank W. Putnam, Thomas D. Lyon, Kathryn A. Becker-Blease, Ross E. Cheit, Nancy B. Siegel, and Kathy Pezdek
Science 19 August 2005: 1182-1185.
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 A Celebration of Ignorance

Marlys Hearst Witte
Science 19 August 2005: 1185.
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 What Are Our Research Priorities?

Ad van Dommelen and Geert R. de Snoo
Science 19 August 2005: 1185-1187.
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 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 19 August 2005: 1187.
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Books et al.

PALEOANTHROPOLOGY:
Finding Life in Old Bones

Robert N. Proctor
Science 19 August 2005: 1188.
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 Browsings

Science 19 August 2005: 1189.
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Books Received

Science 19 August 2005: 1189.
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Policy Forum

CAREERS IN SCIENCE:
Enhanced: More Women in Science

Jo Handelsman, Nancy Cantor, Molly Carnes, Denice Denton, Eve Fine, Barbara Grosz, Virginia Hinshaw, Cora Marrett, Sue Rosser, Donna Shalala, and Jennifer Sheridan
Science 19 August 2005: 1190-1191.
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Perspectives

CHEMISTRY:
X-ray Fingerprinting of Chemical Intermediates in Solution

Philip Anfinrud and Friedrich Schotte
Science 19 August 2005: 1192-1193.
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EVOLUTION:
Is Invariance Across Animal Species Just an Illusion?

Gerdien de Jong
Science 19 August 2005: 1193-1195.
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CHEMISTRY:
Geometric Phase in Chemical Reactions

David C. Clary
Science 19 August 2005: 1195-1196.
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PHYSIOLOGY:
Biological Clocks Coordinately Keep Life on Time

Martha U. Gillette and Terrence J. Sejnowski
Science 19 August 2005: 1196-1198.
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PHYSICS:
Freezing and Melting: Action at Grain Boundaries

Peter N. Pusey
Science 19 August 2005: 1198-1199.
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Review

The Convergence of Synthetic Organic and Polymer Chemistries

Craig J. Hawker and Karen L. Wooley
Science 19 August 2005: 1200-1205.
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Brevia

Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus Infection in Migratory Birds

J. Liu, H. Xiao, F. Lei, Q. Zhu, K. Qin, X.-w. Zhang, X.-l. Zhang, D. Zhao, G. Wang, Y. Feng, J. Ma, W. Liu, J. Wang, and G. F. Gao
Science 19 August 2005: 1206.
Published online 6 July 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1115273] (in Science Express Brevia)
During May 2005, an outbreak of avian influenza decimated birds at a major breeding site for migratory waterfowl in central China. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

Premelting at Defects Within Bulk Colloidal Crystals

A. M. Alsayed, M. F. Islam, J. Zhang, P. J. Collings, and A. G. Yodh
Science 19 August 2005: 1207-1210.
Published online 30 June 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1112399] (in Science Express Research Articles)
The very beginning of melting in a bulk material can be seen in microgel colloidal particles, at defect sites where there is additional free energy. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Structure of a Synaptic Resolvase Tetramer Covalently Linked to Two Cleaved DNAs

Weikai Li, Satwik Kamtekar, Yong Xiong, Gary J. Sarkis, Nigel D. F. Grindley, and Thomas A. Steitz
Science 19 August 2005: 1210-1215.
Published online 30 June 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1112064] (in Science Express Research Articles)
During chromosomal recombination, two subunits of the tetrameric resolvase rotate 180° to reposition the DNA ends for strand exchange. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Strong, Transparent, Multifunctional, Carbon Nanotube Sheets

Mei Zhang, Shaoli Fang, Anvar A. Zakhidov, Sergey B. Lee, Ali E. Aliev, Christopher D. Williams, Ken R. Atkinson, and Ray H. Baughman
Science 19 August 2005: 1215-1219.
A forest of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes can be drawn into sheets meters in length, which can be layered and compressed to form arrays that rival the strength of steel. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Understanding the Infrared Spectrum of Bare CH₅⁺

Oskar Asvany, Padma Kumar P, Britta Redlich, Ilka Hegemann, Stephan Schlemmer, and Dominik Marx
Science 19 August 2005: 1219-1222.
Published online 30 June 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1113729] (in Science Express Reports)
Experiments and simulations resolve the elusive structure of protonated methane, a superacid in which H atoms exchange rapidly between a CH3 tripod and an H2 fragment. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Ultrafast X-ray Diffraction of Transient Molecular Structures in Solution

H. Ihee, M. Lorenc, T. K. Kim, Q. Y. Kong, M. Cammarata, J. H. Lee, S. Bratos, and M. Wulff
Science 19 August 2005: 1223-1227.
Published online 14 July 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1114782] (in Science Express Reports)
An I-bridged intermediate is detected during the light-induced decomposition of diiodoethane to I2 and ethylene. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Theoretical Study of Geometric Phase Effects in the Hydrogen-Exchange Reaction

Juan Carlos Juanes-Marcos, Stuart C. Althorpe, and Eckart Wrede
Science 19 August 2005: 1227-1230.
The geometry of the reaction trajectory for a simple exchange between H and H2 elegantly accounts for the lack of an expected quantum-mechanical interference. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Colloidal Hard-Sphere Crystal Growth Frustrated by Large Spherical Impurities

Volkert W. A. de Villeneuve, Roel P. A. Dullens, Dirk G. A. L. Aarts, Esther Groeneveld, Johannes H. Scherff, Willem K. Kegel, and Henk N. W. Lekkerkerker
Science 19 August 2005: 1231-1233.
Small impurities, because of their greater curvature, retard crystallization of colloids more than larger ones and act to collect and fix grain boundaries. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Osmium Isotope Evidence for an s-Process Carrier in Primitive Chondrites

A. D. Brandon, M. Humayun, I. S. Puchtel, I. Leya, and M. Zolensky
Science 19 August 2005: 1233-1236.
Osmium isotope data from meteorites suggest that debris from small stars with high neutron densities was well mixed into our early solar nebula. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Illusion of Invariant Quantities in Life Histories

Sean Nee, Nick Colegrave, Stuart A. West, and Alan Grafen
Science 19 August 2005: 1236-1239.
Apparently constant life-history ratios among species (maternal weight to weaning weight, for example) arise from a methodological flaw, not an underlying principle. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Multiple Causes of High Extinction Risk in Large Mammal Species

Marcel Cardillo, Georgina M. Mace, Kate E. Jones, Jon Bielby, Olaf R. P. Bininda-Emonds, Wes Sechrest, C. David L. Orme, and Andy Purvis
Science 19 August 2005: 1239-1241.
Published online 21 July 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1116030] (in Science Express Reports)
Large mammals weighing more than 3 kilograms are more likely than smaller species to go extinct in response to human-induced environmental changes. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Genome Streamlining in a Cosmopolitan Oceanic Bacterium

Stephen J. Giovannoni, H. James Tripp, Scott Givan, Mircea Podar, Kevin L. Vergin, Damon Baptista, Lisa Bibbs, Jonathan Eads, Toby H. Richardson, Michiel Noordewier, Michael S. Rappé, Jay M. Short, James C. Carrington, and Eric J. Mathur
Science 19 August 2005: 1242-1245.
A marine bacterium has a miniscule genome, free of junk DNA, probably because its huge population size allows selection against the small fitness cost of replicating nonfunctional DNA. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Contact-Dependent Inhibition of Growth in Escherichia coli

Stephanie K. Aoki, Rupinderjit Pamma, Aaron D. Hernday, Jessica E. Bickham, Bruce A. Braaten, and David A. Low
Science 19 August 2005: 1245-1248.
Showing unexpected interaction, some individual E. coli produce a large protein that inhibits the growth of other E. coli when they are in contact. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Genome-Wide RNAi Screen for Host Factors Required for Intracellular Bacterial Infection

Hervé Agaisse, Laura S. Burrack, Jennifer A. Philips, Eric J. Rubin, Norbert Perrimon, and Darren E. Higgins
Science 19 August 2005: 1248-1251.
Published online 14 July 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1116008] (in Science Express Reports)
An RNAi screen identifies host proteins required for infection by two different bacteria, and a comparison identifies general and microbe-specific factors. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Drosophila RNAi Screen Reveals CD36 Family Member Required for Mycobacterial Infection

Jennifer A. Philips, Eric J. Rubin, and Norbert Perrimon
Science 19 August 2005: 1251-1253.
Published online 14 July 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1116006] (in Science Express Reports)
An RNAi screen identifies host proteins required for infection by two different bacteria, and a comparison identifies general and microbe-specific factors. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Effects of Telomerase and Telomere Length on Epidermal Stem Cell Behavior

Ignacio Flores, María L. Cayuela, and María A. Blasco
Science 19 August 2005: 1253-1256.
Published online 21 July 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1115025] (in Science Express Reports)
Telomeres, structures at chromosome ends, can regulate the mobilization of stem cells, possibly contributing to their effects on aging and cancer. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Mitogenic Influence of Human R-Spondin1 on the Intestinal Epithelium

Kyung-Ah Kim, Makoto Kakitani, Jingsong Zhao, Takeshi Oshima, Tom Tang, Minke Binnerts, Yi Liu, Bryan Boyle, Emily Park, Peter Emtage, Walter D. Funk, and Kazuma Tomizuka
Science 19 August 2005: 1256-1259.
A newly described human growth factor that causes dramatic growth of the cells that line the intestine may be useful in counteracting some side effects of chemotherapy. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

 Comment on "Quantum State Transfer Between Matter and Light"

S. J. van Enk and H. J. Kimble
Science 19 August 2005: 1187.
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 Response to Comment on "Quantum State Transfer Between Matter and Light"

D. N. Matsukevich and A. Kuzmich
Science 19 August 2005: 1187.
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