Distributed Computing

All for One and One for All

Daniel Clery and David Voss
Science 6 May 2005: 809.
Summary »|   PDF »|  

News

DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING:
Grassroots Supercomputing

John Bohannon
Science 6 May 2005: 810.
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DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING:
Grid Sport: Competitive Crunching

John Bohannon
Science 6 May 2005: 812.
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DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING:
Data-Bots Chart the Internet

Mark Buchanan
Science 6 May 2005: 813.
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Viewpoints

Service-Oriented Science

Ian Foster
Science 6 May 2005: 814-817.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Cyberinfrastructure for e-Science

Tony Hey and Anne E. Trefethen
Science 6 May 2005: 817-821.
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Cyberinfrastructure: Empowering a "Third Way" in Biomedical Research

Kenneth H. Buetow
Science 6 May 2005: 821-824.
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This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 6 May 2005: 753.
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Editorial:
An Endless Frontier Postponed

Edward D. Lazowska and David A. Patterson
Science 6 May 2005: 757.
Summary »|   PDF »|  

Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 6 May 2005: 759.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 6 May 2005: 769.
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 New Products

Science 6 May 2005: 877.
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News of the Week

PUBLIC HEALTH:
A Heavyweight Battle Over CDC's Obesity Forecasts

Jennifer Couzin
Science 6 May 2005: 770-771.
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ASTRONOMY:
Picture-Perfect Planet on Course for the History Books

Govert Schilling
Science 6 May 2005: 771.
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COMPUTING:
IBM Offers Free Number Crunching for Humanitarian Research Projects

Daniel Clery
Science 6 May 2005: 773.
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SCIENCE RESOURCES:
Chemists Want NIH to Curtail Database

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 6 May 2005: 774.
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EUROPEAN POLICY:
Panel Gives Thumbs-Down to European Institute of Technology

Gretchen Vogel
Science 6 May 2005: 774.
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GENOMICS:
Celera to End Subscriptions and Give Data to Public GenBank

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 6 May 2005: 775.
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NASA:
U.S. Lawmakers Call for New Earth Science Strategy

Andrew Lawler
Science 6 May 2005: 777.
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY:
Two-Thirds of Senate Backs More Research

Eli Kintisch
Science 6 May 2005: 777.
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ScienceScope

Science 6 May 2005: 773.
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Random Samples

Science 6 May 2005: 788.
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News Focus

NEUROSCIENCE:
The Dark Side of Glia

Greg Miller
Science 6 May 2005: 778-781.
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EMBRYOLOGY:
Embryologists Polarized Over Early Cell Fate Determination

Gretchen Vogel
Science 6 May 2005: 782-783.
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TECHNOLOGY:
Electronic Paper: A Revolution About to Unfold?

Marie Granmar and Adrian Cho
Science 6 May 2005: 785-786.
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TECHNOLOGY:
Shrinking Dimensions Spur Research Into Ever-Slimmer Batteries

Robert F. Service
Science 6 May 2005: 786.
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ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE:
Changes in the Sun May Sway the Tropical Monsoon

Richard A. Kerr
Science 6 May 2005: 787.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 6 May 2005: 791.
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 Calling on Scientists to Fight Budget Cuts

Bart Gordon
Science 6 May 2005: 791.
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 Establishing Indicators for Biodiversity

Jurgen Brauer;, Brian Czech, David L. Trauger, Joshua Farley, Robert Costanza, Herman E. Daly, Charles A. S. Hall, Reed F. Noss, Lisi Krall, Paul R. Krausman;, Andrew P. Dobson, Andrew Balmford, Peter R. Crane, Rhys E. Green, and Georgina M. Mace
Science 6 May 2005: 791-792.
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 Memo to NASA: Finish What You Start

Charles J. Robinove
Science 6 May 2005: 792.
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 The End of a Chilean Institute

Luis Barbeito, Jerold Chun, Lester I. Binder, Vivaldo Moura Neto, George Perry, Claudio Scazzochio, and Galileo Violini
Science 6 May 2005: 792-793.
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Books et al.

ARCHAEOLOGY:
Stories from a Neolithic Site

Steven Mithen
Science 6 May 2005: 794-795.
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CHEMISTRY:
Fun with Atoms and Molecules

Jake Yeston
Science 6 May 2005: 795.
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 Books Received

Science 6 May 2005: 795.

Essays on Science and Society

Also see the archival list of the Essays on Science and Society.

GLOBAL VOICES OF SCIENCE:
Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem

Sergey A. Zimov
Science 6 May 2005: 796-798.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

 125th Anniversary Series

Science 6 May 2005: 796.

Perspectives

NEUROSCIENCE:
Attractors in Memory

Bruno Poucet and Etienne Save
Science 6 May 2005: 799-800.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

NEUROSCIENCE:
Matching at the Synapse

Scott M. Thompson
Science 6 May 2005: 800-801.
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CELL BIOLOGY:
Wnt Signaling Glows with RNAi

Eric R. Fearon and Ken M. Cadigan
Science 6 May 2005: 801-803.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

RETROSPECTIVE:
Stanley Joel Korsmeyer (1950-2005)

Timothy J. Ley
Science 6 May 2005: 803-804.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ATMOSPHERE:
Enhanced: Air Pollution-Related Illness: Effects of Particles

André Nel
Science 6 May 2005: 804-806.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE:
In Search of Balance

Robert J. Charlson, Francisco P. J. Valero, and John H. Seinfeld
Science 6 May 2005: 806-807.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

GEOCHEMISTRY:
The Paradox of Mantle Redox

Catherine McCammon
Science 6 May 2005: 807-808.
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Brevia

Changes in Earth's Albedo Measured by Satellite

Bruce A. Wielicki, Takmeng Wong, Norman Loeb, Patrick Minnis, Kory Priestley, and Robert Kandel
Science 6 May 2005: 825.
Satellite observations fail to confirm the recent suggestion that, since 2001, Earth has reflected more incident sunlight. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Research Articles

Functional Genomic Analysis of the Wnt-Wingless Signaling Pathway

Ramanuj DasGupta, Ajamete Kaykas, Randall T. Moon, and Norbert Perrimon
Science 6 May 2005: 826-833.
Published online 7 April 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1109374] (in Science Express Research Articles)
A genome-scale screen in flies turns up hundreds of new components in a key developmental signaling pathway, many of which appear relevant to cellular regulation and disease in vertebrates as well. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  Online Enhancements »|  

MicroRNAs Regulate Brain Morphogenesis in Zebrafish

Antonio J. Giraldez, Ryan M. Cinalli, Margaret E. Glasner, Anton J. Enright, J. Michael Thomson, Scott Baskerville, Scott M. Hammond, David P. Bartel, and Alexander F. Schier
Science 6 May 2005: 833-838.
Published online 17 March 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1109020] (in Science Express Research Articles)
In zebrafish, small, noncoding RNAs are necessary for proper segmentation and morphogenesis of the brain and heart. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

The Optical Resonances in Carbon Nanotubes Arise from Excitons

Feng Wang, Gordana Dukovic, Louis E. Brus, and Tony F. Heinz
Science 6 May 2005: 838-841.
Spectroscopic measurements confirm that light absorption by single-walled carbon nanotubes produces strongly correlated electron-hole pairs. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Zircon Thermometer Reveals Minimum Melting Conditions on Earliest Earth

E. B. Watson and T. M. Harrison
Science 6 May 2005: 841-844.
The titanium content of Earth's oldest minerals, zircons that crystallized soon after the Earth formed, implies that the magmas then were water-rich and no hotter than those of today. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

An Octane-Fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Zhongliang Zhan and Scott A. Barnett
Science 6 May 2005: 844-847.
Published online 31 March 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1109213] (in Science Express Reports)
Adding a cerium and ruthenium oxide layer over the nickel anode of a high-temperature fuel cell that consumes hydrocarbons prevents deposition of potentially deactivating carbon layers. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

From Dimming to Brightening: Decadal Changes in Solar Radiation at Earth's Surface

Martin Wild, Hans Gilgen, Andreas Roesch, Atsumu Ohmura, Charles N. Long, Ellsworth G. Dutton, Bruce Forgan, Ain Kallis, Viivi Russak, and Anatoly Tsvetkov
Science 6 May 2005: 847-850.
Independent satellite and ground-based observations show that the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface has increased since about 1990. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Do Satellites Detect Trends in Surface Solar Radiation?

R. T. Pinker, B. Zhang, and E. G. Dutton
Science 6 May 2005: 850-854.
Independent satellite and ground-based observations show that the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface has increased since about 1990. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Holocene Asian Monsoon: Links to Solar Changes and North Atlantic Climate

Yongjin Wang, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, Yaoqi He, Xinggong Kong, Zhisheng An, Jiangying Wu, Megan J. Kelly, Carolyn A. Dykoski, and Xiangdong Li
Science 6 May 2005: 854-857.
A climate record from a stalagmite in a cave in China shows that, over the past 9000 years, the strength of the Asian monsoon responded rapidly to changes in solar activity. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Computational Thermostabilization of an Enzyme

Aaron Korkegian, Margaret E. Black, David Baker, and Barry L. Stoddard
Science 6 May 2005: 857-860.
A computational approach that should be generally applicable predicts mutations that increase an enzyme's half-life 30-fold without reducing its catalytic efficiency. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Swimming Against the Flow: A Mechanism of Zooplankton Aggregation

Amatzia Genin, Jules S. Jaffe, Ruth Reef, Claudio Richter, and Peter J. S. Franks
Science 6 May 2005: 860-862.
Sonar tracking of individual zooplankton reveals that they swim rapidly against upwelling or downwelling currents to form dense accumulations available to marine predators. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Target Cell-Dependent Normalization of Transmitter Release at Neocortical Synapses

Helmut J. Koester and Daniel Johnston
Science 6 May 2005: 863-866.
Published online 17 March 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1100815] (in Science Express Reports)
All synapses between one cortical neuron and any particular target cell have the same calcium response and release probability, indicating that the target cell specifies the synapse type. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Nicotinic Acid Limitation Regulates Silencing of Candida Adhesins During UTI

Renee Domergue, Irene Castaño, Alejandro De Las Peñas, Margaret Zupancic, Virginia Lockatell, J. Richard Hebel, David Johnson, and Brendan P. Cormack
Science 6 May 2005: 866-870.
Published online 17 March 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1108640] (in Science Express Reports)
Low vitamin B3 concentrations in the urinary tract allow a yeast pathogen to synthesize an adhesion protein and thereby infect the epithelium. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Synaptonemal Complex Protein Promotes Homology-Independent Centromere Coupling

Tomomi Tsubouchi and G. Shirleen Roeder
Science 6 May 2005: 870-873.
Chromosomes pair up in meiosis by trial and error, pairing with any chromosome until they find their homolog. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Attractor Dynamics in the Hippocampal Representation of the Local Environment

Tom J. Wills, Colin Lever, Francesca Cacucci, Neil Burgess, and John O'Keefe
Science 6 May 2005: 873-876.
Neurons in the hippocampus code smooth changes in the shape of a room by an abrupt change from a firing pattern characteristic of one distinct shape category to another. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

 Comment on "Energetics of Hydrogen Bond Network Rearrangements in Liquid Water"

A. Nilsson, Ph. Wernet, D. Nordlund, U. Bergmann, M. Cavalleri, M. Odelius, H. Ogasawara, L.-Å. Näslund, T. K. Hirsch, L. Ojamäe, P. Glatzel, and L. G. M. Pettersson
Science 6 May 2005: 793.
Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

 Response to Comment on "Energetics of Hydrogen Bond Network Rearrangements in Liquid Water"

J. D. Smith, C. D. Cappa, B. M. Messer, R. C. Cohen, and R. J. Saykally
Science 6 May 2005: 793.
Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|