This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 8 April 2005: 161.
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Editorial:
Twilight for the Enlightenment?

Donald Kennedy
Science 8 April 2005: 165.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 8 April 2005: 167.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 8 April 2005: 173.
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 Quarterly Author Index

Science 8 April 2005: 1-19.

 New Products

Science 8 April 2005: 271.
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News of the Week

U.S. PATENT LAW:
Case Probes What's Fair Game in the Search for New Drugs

Eli Kintisch
Science 8 April 2005: 174.
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INFECTIOUS DISEASES:
North Korea Collaborates to Fight Bird Flu

Dennis Normile
Science 8 April 2005: 175.
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CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
Scientists, Societies Blast NIH Ethics Rules

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 8 April 2005: 175-177.
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LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB:
Settlement in Bias Case Could Unravel

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 8 April 2005: 177.
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POSTDOCS:
Care and Feeding Pays Off, Survey Finds

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 8 April 2005: 178.
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POSTDOCS:
IRS Takes Bite out of NIH Fellows' Paychecks

Beryl Lieff Benderly
Science 8 April 2005: 178.
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PALEOANTHROPOLOGY:
Facelift Supports Skull's Status as Oldest Member of the Human Family

Ann Gibbons
Science 8 April 2005: 179-181.
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PALEOCLIMATOLOGY:
Cosmic Dust Supports a Snowball Earth

Richard A. Kerr
Science 8 April 2005: 181.
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ScienceScope

Science 8 April 2005: 177.
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Random Samples

Science 8 April 2005: 195.
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News Focus

SCIENCE IN LIBYA:
From Pariah to Science Powerhouse?

John Bohannon
Science 8 April 2005: 182-184.
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SCIENCE IN LIBYA:
Evidence Overruled: Medics on Death Row

John Bohannon
Science 8 April 2005: 184-185.
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SCIENCE IN LIBYA:
Agencies Plan Exchange With Libya's Former Weaponeers

Richard Stone
Science 8 April 2005: 185-186.
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NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION:
Boom in Digital Collections Makes a Muddle of Management

Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 8 April 2005: 187-189.
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NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION:
Canadian Report Calls for Data Agency

Wayne Kondro
Science 8 April 2005: 189.
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AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY MEETING:
Signs of a Second Flowing Solid Deepen a Quantum Mystery

Adrian Cho
Science 8 April 2005: 190.
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AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY MEETING:
In a Vacuum, No One Sees You Splatter

Adrian Cho
Science 8 April 2005: 190-191.
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AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY MEETING:
Recipe for Flies' Eyes: Crystallize

Adrian Cho
Science 8 April 2005: 191.
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AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY MEETING:
Snapshots From the Meeting

Adrian Cho
Science 8 April 2005: 191.
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LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONFERENCE MEETING:
Ski Mars, While There's Still Time

Richard A. Kerr
Science 8 April 2005: 192.
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LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONFERENCE MEETING:
Rovers, Dust, and a Not-So-Wet Mars

Richard A. Kerr
Science 8 April 2005: 192-193.
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LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONFERENCE MEETING:
Icy Volcanism Has Rejuvenated Titan

Richard A. Kerr
Science 8 April 2005: 193.
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LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONFERENCE MEETING:
Snapshots From the Meeting

Richard A. Kerr
Science 8 April 2005: 193.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 15 April 2005: 199.
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 Biodiversity in Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats

Kristofer M. Helgen, Colin P. Groves;, Franky Bossuyt, Madhava Meegaskumbura, Natalie Beenaerts, David J. Gower, Rohan Pethiyagoda, Kim Roelants, An Mannaert, Mark Wilkinson, Christopher J. Schneider, Mohomed M. Bahir, Kelum Manamendra-Arachchi, Peter K. L. Ng, Oommen V. Oommen, and Michel C. Milinkovitch
Science 8 April 2005: 199.
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 What Kind of Science Is Biology?

John M. Myers, Frederick H. Madjid;, and H. Otto Sibum
Science 8 April 2005: 201.
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 Conduct and Reporting of Clinical Research

Joseph L. Y. Liu and Douglas G. Altman
Science 8 April 2005: 201-202.
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 Comparative Studies of Drug Efficacy

John A. Frantz
Science 8 April 2005: 202-203.
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 Does the Dose Make the Poison?

Randall E. Harris
Science 8 April 2005: 203.
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 CORRECTIONS AND CLARIFICATIONS

Science 8 April 2005: 203.
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Books et al.

SOCIOLOGY:
In Search of Time

Naomi Gerstel
Science 8 April 2005: 204-205.
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SCIENCE AND RELIGION:
The Blind Godmaker

Michael Shermer
Science 8 April 2005: 205-206.
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PLANETARY SCIENCE:
Big Book on Our Gas Giant

Linda Rowan
Science 8 April 2005: 206.
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 Books Received

Science 8 April 2005: 206.

Policy Forum

ENVIRONMENT:
One Step Forward, Two Steps Back on U.S. Floodplains

Nicholas Pinter
Science 8 April 2005: 207-208.
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Perspectives

STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY:
"D" Is Not for Diversity

David N. Garboczi
Science 8 April 2005: 209-210.
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ASTRONOMY:
Enhanced: A Stellar Swan-Song

Martin Asplund
Science 8 April 2005: 210-211.
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CELL BIOLOGY:
GSK-3 and Microtubule Assembly in Axons

Feng-Quan Zhou and William D. Snider
Science 8 April 2005: 211-214.
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PSYCHOLOGY:
Infants' Insight into the Mind: How Deep?

Josef Perner and Ted Ruffman
Science 8 April 2005: 214-216.
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CHEMISTRY:
How Are Alkynes Scrambled?

Uwe H. F. Bunz
Science 8 April 2005: 216-217.
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CHEMISTRY:
Miniature Analytical Methods for Medical Diagnostics

David R. Walt
Science 8 April 2005: 217-219.
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PHYSICS:
Hans A. Bethe (1906-2005)

Freeman Dyson
Science 8 April 2005: 219.
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Brevia

Homeward Sound

Stephen D. Simpson, Mark Meekan, John Montgomery, Rob McCauley, and Andrew Jeffs
Science 8 April 2005: 221.
The far-flung larvae of coral reef fish locate a suitable habitat by the sounds made by resident reef animals. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

Supra-Canonical ²⁶Al/²⁷Al and the Residence Time of CAIs in the Solar Protoplanetary Disk

Edward D. Young, Justin I. Simon, Albert Galy, Sara S. Russell, Eric Tonui, and Oscar Lovera
Science 8 April 2005: 223-227.
Published online 3 March 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1108140] (in Science Express Research Articles)
Surprising variation in the aluminum isotope ratio of early solar system condensates implies that they were reheated many times over about 300,000 years after they formed. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Structure of a T Cell Receptor in Complex with the Nonclassical MHC T22

Erin J. Adams, Yueh-Hsiu Chien, and K. Christopher Garcia
Science 8 April 2005: 227-231.
An enigmatic class of immune cells recognizes antigens in an unusual way, by forming a binding site with a combination of constant and variable sequences. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

The Real-Time Stellar Evolution of Sakurai's Object

Marcin Hajduk, Albert A. Zijlstra, Falk Herwig, Peter A. M. van Hoof, Florian Kerber, Stefan Kimeswenger, Don L. Pollacco, Aneurin Evans, José A. Lopéz, Myfanwy Bryce, Stewart P. S. Eyres, and Mikako Matsuura
Science 8 April 2005: 231-233.
An extinguished star was seen to reignite explosively, producing large amounts of new elements unexpectedly rapidly, perhaps because mixing in the star was suppressed. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Formation of a Carbon-Carbon Triple Bond by Coupling Reactions In Aqueous Solution

Avi Bino, Michael Ardon, and Elijah Shirman
Science 8 April 2005: 234-235.
A trimolybdenum cluster mediates butyne fuel formation under unusually mild conditions in room-temperature water. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Generalized Approach to the Modification of Solid Surfaces

Du Yeol Ryu, Kyusoon Shin, Eric Drockenmuller, Craig J. Hawker, and Thomas P. Russell
Science 8 April 2005: 236-239.
A thin, cross-linked polymer film can adhere to a wide variety of materials, including gold, silicon, and other polymers, tailoring their surface properties for specific purposes. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Estimating Duration and Intensity of Neoproterozoic Snowball Glaciations from Ir Anomalies

Bernd Bodiselitsch, Christian Koeberl, Sharad Master, and Wolf U. Reimold
Science 8 April 2005: 239-242.
The accumulation of extraterrestrial iridium implies that two extreme Precambrian glaciations each lasted 3 to 12 million years. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Brain of LB1, Homo floresiensis

Dean Falk, Charles Hildebolt, Kirk Smith, M. J. Morwood, Thomas Sutikna, Peter Brown, Jatmiko, E. Wayhu Saptomo, Barry Brunsden, and Fred Prior
Science 8 April 2005: 242-245.
Published online 3 March 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1109727] (in Science Express Reports)
A reconstruction of the external shape of the brain of Homo floresiensis implies that it resembles Homo erectus but has some differences, including an expanded temporal lobe. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Vasopressin and Oxytocin Excite Distinct Neuronal Populations in the Central Amygdala

Daniel Huber, Pierre Veinante, and Ron Stoop
Science 8 April 2005: 245-248.
An inhibitory neuronal circuit in the amygdala underlies the opposite effects of two neuropeptides on fear responses and behavior. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Dependence of Self-Tolerance on TRAF6-Directed Development of Thymic Stroma

Taishin Akiyama, Shiori Maeda, Sayaka Yamane, Kaori Ogino, Michiyuki Kasai, Fumiko Kajiura, Mitsuru Matsumoto, and Jun-ichiro Inoue
Science 8 April 2005: 248-251.
Published online 10 February 2005 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1105677] (in Science Express Reports)
A protein that activates adult immune cells is also required for the normal cellular organization of the thymus, and therefore for tolerance to self-antigens. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Antigen Recognition Determinants of T Cell Receptors

Sunny Shin, Ramy El-Diwany, Steven Schaffert, Erin J. Adams, K. Christopher Garcia, Pablo Pereira, and Yueh-hsiu Chien
Science 8 April 2005: 252-255.
A survey of the antigen-binding sites of an enigmatic class of immune cell indicates that they bind to a relatively narrow range of antigens. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Do 15-Month-Old Infants Understand False Beliefs?

Kristine H. Onishi and Renée Baillargeon
Science 8 April 2005: 255-258.
Children begin to understand that others have beliefs that may differ from their own at 15 months, earlier than had been suspected. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Assortative Mating in Sympatric Host Races of the European Corn Borer

Thibaut Malausa, Marie-Thérèse Bethenod, Arnaud Bontemps, Denis Bourguet, Jean-Marie Cornuet, and Sergine Ponsard
Science 8 April 2005: 258-260.
Two races of corn borer that live on different plants are almost completely reproductively isolated from one another, in spite of their spatial and temporal coexistence. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Floral Regulator LEAFY Evolves by Substitutions in the DNA Binding Domain

Alexis Maizel, Maximilian A. Busch, Takako Tanahashi, Josip Perkovic, Masahiro Kato, Mitsuyasu Hasebe, and Detlef Weigel
Science 8 April 2005: 260-263.
A transcription factor that controls flower formation in flowering plants regulates early development in mosses, a difference unexpectedly reflected in the DNA binding site. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Bivoltinism as an Antecedent to Eusociality in the Paper Wasp Genus Polistes

James H. Hunt and Gro V. Amdam
Science 8 April 2005: 264-267.
Modeling suggests that the worker and queen castes of paper wasps arose by the adaptation of alternating dormant and reproductive generations in solitary ancestors. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Structure of a Retinal-Forming Carotenoid Oxygenase

Daniel P. Kloer, Sandra Ruch, Salim Al-Babili, Peter Beyer, and Georg E. Schulz
Science 8 April 2005: 267-269.
The enzyme carotenoid oxygenase rearranges double bonds in absorbed dietary carotenes, then cleaves them via an iron-activated dioxygen to form retinal for visual pigments. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

 Comment on "Pierolapithecus catalaunicus, a New Middle Miocene Great Ape from Spain"

David R. Begun and Carol V. Ward
Science 8 April 2005: 203.
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 Response to Comment on "Pierolapithecus catalaunicus, a New Middle Miocene Great Ape from Spain"

S. Moyà-Solà, M. Köhler, D. M. Alba, I. Casanovas-Vilar, and J. Galindo
Science 8 April 2005: 203.
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