This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 23 July 2004: 448.
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Editorial:
The Old File-Drawer Problem

Donald Kennedy
Science 23 July 2004: 451.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 23 July 2004: 452.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 23 July 2004: 457.
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 New Products

Science 23 July 2004: 536.
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News of the Week

SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING:
U.K. Lawmakers Urge Prompt Access to Published Papers ...

Daniel Clery
Science 23 July 2004: 458-459.
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SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING:
... Congress Puts Similar Heat on NIH

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 23 July 2004: 458.
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PHYSICS:
Energy Curve Confirms Paired-Up Fermi Condensate

Charles Seife
Science 23 July 2004: 459-460.
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GLYCOBIOLOGY:
Synthetic Vaccine Is a Sweet Victory for Cuban Science

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 23 July 2004: 460.
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STEM CELL RESEARCH:
Advocates Keep Pot Boiling As Bush Plans New Centers

Constance Holden
Science 23 July 2004: 461.
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RESEARCH MANAGEMENT:
Security, Safety Probes Shut Down Los Alamos National Lab

David Malakoff
Science 23 July 2004: 462.
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SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS:
NIH Scientists in a Spin Over Foreign Travel

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 23 July 2004: 462.
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SPACE ASTRONOMY:
U.S. Academy Panel Urges NASA to Upgrade Hubble Telescope

Andrew Lawler
Science 23 July 2004: 463.
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ScienceScope

Science 23 July 2004: 461.
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Random Samples

Science 23 July 2004: 472.
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News Focus

THEORETICAL PHYSICS:
Physics Enters the Twilight Zone

Charles Seife
Science 23 July 2004: 464-466.
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SPACE SCIENCE:
NASA Reining in PI-Led Planetary Missions

Richard A. Kerr
Science 23 July 2004: 467.
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PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY:
Volatile Chemistry: Children and Antidepressants

Jennifer Couzin
Science 23 July 2004: 468-470.
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HIV/AIDS:
International AIDS Meeting Finds Global Commitment Lacking

Jon Cohen
Science 23 July 2004: 470-471.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 23 July 2004: 475.
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 The Health Benefits of Eating Salmon

Christopher M. Rembold;, Ronald A. Hites, Jeffery A. Foran, David O. Carpenter, M. Coreen Hamilton, Barbara A. Knuth, and Steven J. Schwager
Science 23 July 2004: 475.
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 Risk-Benefit Analysis of Eating Farmed Salmon

Jouni T. Tuomisto, Jouko Tuomisto, Marko Tainio, Marjo Niittynen, Pia Verkasalo, Terttu Vartiainen, Hannu Kiviranta, Juha Pekkanen;, Ronald A. Hites, Jeffery A. Foran, David O. Carpenter, M. Coreen Hamilton, Barbara A. Knuth, and Steven J. Schwager
Science 23 July 2004: 476-477.
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 Cancer Risk and Salmon Intake

Eiliv Lund, Dagrun Engeset, Elin Alsaker, Gun Skeie, Anette Hjårtaker, Anne-Katrine Lundebye, Evert Niebor, Ronald A. Hites, Jeffery A. Foran, David O. Carpenter, M. Coreen Hamilton, Barbara A. Knuth, and Steven J. Schwager
Science 23 July 2004: 477-478.
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 Contaminant Levels in Farmed Salmon

Dallas E. Weaver;, Ronald A. Hites, Jeffery A. Foran, David O. Carpenter, M. Coreen Hamilton, Barbara A. Knuth, and Steven J. Schwager
Science 23 July 2004: 478.
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 Keeping Drugs at the Proper Temperature

Marshall E. Deutsch
Science 23 July 2004: 478.
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 CORRECTIONS AND CLARIFICATIONS

Science 23 July 2004: 478.
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Books et al.

ECOLOGY:
A Model Population of Large Herbivores

Nils Chr. Stenseth
Science 23 July 2004: 479.
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MATERIALS SCIENCE:
How Life Makes Hard Stuff

Mark E. Davis
Science 23 July 2004: 480.
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 Books Received

Science 23 July 2004: 480.

Policy Forum

MEDICINE:
Enhanced: Magic Bullet Gone Astray: Medications and the Internet

Michael A. Veronin and Bi-Botti C. Youan
Science 23 July 2004: 481.
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Perspectives

NEUROSCIENCE:
Epileptic Neurons Go Wireless

Kevin Staley
Science 23 July 2004: 482-483.
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PHYSICS:
Charging Atoms, One by One

Karsten Horn
Science 23 July 2004: 483-484.
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PALEOECOLOGY:
The Rise and Fall of Forests

H. J. B. Birks and Hilary H. Birks
Science 23 July 2004: 484-485.
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APPLIED PHYSICS:
Designing Optimal Micromixers

Julio M. Ottino and Stephen Wiggins
Science 23 July 2004: 485-486.
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Review

Public Information: From Nosy Neighbors to Cultural Evolution

Étienne Danchin, Luc-Alain Giraldeau, Thomas J. Valone, and Richard H. Wagner
Science 23 July 2004: 487-491.
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Brevia

Comet or Asteroid Shower in the Late Eocene?

Roald Tagle and Philippe Claeys
Science 23 July 2004: 492.
A 35-million-year-old impact crater in Siberia may have been formed by a meteorite that originated from a collision in the Asteroid Belt, rather than from a previously proposed comet shower. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Controlling the Charge State of Individual Gold Adatoms

Jascha Repp, Gerhard Meyer, Fredrik E. Olsson, and Mats Persson
Science 23 July 2004: 493-495.
A gold atom adsorbed on a thin film of sodium chloride can be charged with a single electron delivered by the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Total Synthesis of Norzoanthamine

Masaaki Miyashita, Minoru Sasaki, Izumi Hattori, Mio Sakai, and Keiji Tanino
Science 23 July 2004: 495-499.
Published online 17 June 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1098851] (in Science Express Reports)
Norzoanthamine, a natural product that may help combat osteoporosis and leukemia, can now be synthesized through a 39-step process. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Rapid Late Pleistocene Incision of Atlantic Passive-Margin River Gorges

Luke J. Reusser, Paul R. Bierman, Milan J. Pavich, E-an Zen, Jennifer Larsen, and Robert Finkel
Science 23 July 2004: 499-502.
The dramatic gorges of the Potomac and Susquehanna rivers were cut from 35,000 to 12,000 years ago, as advancing ice sheets bulged the crust and storminess increased in this region. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

GRACE Measurements of Mass Variability in the Earth System

Byron D. Tapley, Srinivas Bettadpur, John C. Ries, Paul F. Thompson, and Michael M. Watkins
Science 23 July 2004: 503-505.
Detailed measurements of Earth's gravity field reveal the seasonal changes in the groundwater distribution of the Amazon watershed. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Large Perturbations of the Carbon Cycle During Recovery from the End-Permian Extinction

Jonathan L. Payne, Daniel J. Lehrmann, Jiayong Wei, Michael J. Orchard, Daniel P. Schrag, and Andrew H. Knoll
Science 23 July 2004: 506-509.
The abrupt carbon isotopic excursion at the time of the Permian-Triassic extinction was the first in a series of large fluctuations that ended more than 10 million years later in the Middle Triassic. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Ecosystem Properties and Forest Decline in Contrasting Long-Term Chronosequences

David A. Wardle, Lawrence R. Walker, and Richard D. Bardgett
Science 23 July 2004: 509-513.
Published online 17 June 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1098778] (in Science Express Reports)
Mature forest ecosystems eventually decline as soil properties deteriorate and phosphorus becomes depleted. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Shifts in Deep-Sea Community Structure Linked to Climate and Food Supply

Henry A. Ruhl and Kenneth L. Smith, Jr.
Science 23 July 2004: 513-515.
Data from 14 years of monitoring a deep-sea ecosystem in the northeastern Pacific Ocean show that, after an El Niño event, two animal species decreased markedly in abundance and several others increased. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Phosphorylation by Cyclin B-Cdk Underlies Release of Mitotic Exit Activator Cdc14 from the Nucleolus

Ramzi Azzam, Susan L. Chen, Wenying Shou, Angie S. Mah, Gabriela Alexandru, Kim Nasmyth, Roland S. Annan, Steven A. Carr, and Raymond J. Deshaies
Science 23 July 2004: 516-519.
The master mitotic regulator triggers the final steps of cell division by releasing a phosphatase from the nucleolus. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Functional Adaptation of BabA, the H. pylori ABO Blood Group Antigen Binding Adhesin

Marina Aspholm-Hurtig, Giedrius Dailide, Martina Lahmann, Awdhesh Kalia, Dag Ilver, Niamh Roche, Susanne Vikström, Rolf Sjöström, Sara Lindén, Anna Bäckström, Carina Lundberg, Anna Arnqvist, Jafar Mahdavi, Ulf J. Nilsson, Billie Velapatiño, Robert H. Gilman, Markus Gerhard, Teresa Alarcon, Manuel López-Brea, Teruko Nakazawa, James G. Fox, Pelayo Correa, Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello, Guillermo I. Perez-Perez, Martin J. Blaser, Staffan Normark, Ingemar Carlstedt, Stefan Oscarson, Susann Teneberg, Douglas E. Berg, and Thomas Borén
Science 23 July 2004: 519-522.
Different strains of ulcer-causing bacteria bind to different blood group antigens on the cells lining the stomach, explaining the variation in bacterial strain distribution among human populations. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Synthetic Conjugate Polysaccharide Vaccine Against Haemophilus influenzae Type b

V. Verez-Bencomo, V. Fernández-Santana, Eugenio Hardy, Maria E. Toledo, Maria C. Rodríguez, Lazaro Heynngnezz, Arlene Rodriguez, Alberto Baly, Luis Herrera, Mabel Izquierdo, Annette Villar, Yury Valdés, Karelia Cosme, Mercedes L. Deler, Manuel Montane, Ernesto Garcia, Alexis Ramos, Aristides Aguilar, Ernesto Medina, Gilda Toraño, Iván Sosa, Ibis Hernandez, Raydel Martínez, Alexis Muzachio, Ania Carmenates, Lourdes Costa, Félix Cardoso, Concepción Campa, Manuel Diaz, and René Roy
Science 23 July 2004: 522-525.
A synthetic, carbohydrate-based vaccine confers strong immunity against one of the bacteria responsible for meningitis and pneumonia in infants. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Large-Scale Copy Number Polymorphism in the Human Genome

Jonathan Sebat, B. Lakshmi, Jennifer Troge, Joan Alexander, Janet Young, Pär Lundin, Susanne Månér, Hillary Massa, Megan Walker, Maoyen Chi, Nicholas Navin, Robert Lucito, John Healy, James Hicks, Kenny Ye, Andrew Reiner, T. Conrad Gilliam, Barbara Trask, Nick Patterson, Anders Zetterberg, and Michael Wigler
Science 23 July 2004: 525-528.
Each person has up to 12 extra copies of 76 identified genes, an unexpected source of genetic variation. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Integrase Inhibitors and Cellular Immunity Suppress Retroviral Replication in Rhesus Macaques

Daria J. Hazuda, Steven D. Young, James P. Guare, Neville J. Anthony, Robert P. Gomez, John S. Wai, Joseph P. Vacca, Larry Handt, Sherri L. Motzel, Hilton J. Klein, Geethanjali Dornadula, Robert M. Danovich, Marc V. Witmer, Keith A. A. Wilson, Lynda Tussey, William A. Schleif, Lori S. Gabryelski, Lixia Jin, Michael D. Miller, Danilo R. Casimiro, Emilio A. Emini, and John W. Shiver
Science 23 July 2004: 528-532.
Published online 8 July 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1098632] (in Science Express Reports)
A drug that inhibits the enzyme responsible for inserting the HIV retrovirus into genomes allows strengthening of the immune response in monkeys infected with a form of HIV. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Acquired Dendritic Channelopathy in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Christophe Bernard, Anne Anderson, Albert Becker, Nicholas P. Poolos, Heinz Beck, and Daniel Johnston
Science 23 July 2004: 532-535.
In rats with a form of epilepsy, the flow of potassium ions through channels out of nerve cells is decreased, making neurons more susceptible to seizures. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|