Immunotherapy

Two Sides of a Coin

Stephen J. Simpson and Eliot Marshall
Science 9 July 2004: 193.
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News

Putting Tolerance to the Test

Jennifer Couzin
Science 9 July 2004: 194-196.
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Viewpoints

Immunotherapy: Bewitched, Bothered, and Bewildered No More

Ralph M. Steinman and Ira Mellman
Science 9 July 2004: 197-200.
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Therapeutic Vaccines for Chronic Infections

Brigitte Autran, Guislaine Carcelain, Béhazine Combadiere, and Patrice Debre
Science 9 July 2004: 205-208.
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Exploiting Tolerance Processes in Transplantation

Herman Waldmann and Stephen Cobbold
Science 9 July 2004: 209-212.
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Reviews

Cancer Immunotherapy: A Treatment for the Masses

Joseph N. Blattman and Philip D. Greenberg
Science 9 July 2004: 200-205.
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Immune Therapy for Autoimmune Diseases

Lawrence Steinman
Science 9 July 2004: 212-216.
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This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 9 July 2004: 143.
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Editorial:
The Global Vaccination Gap

Adel Mahmoud
Science 9 July 2004: 147.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 9 July 2004: 149.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 9 July 2004: 157.
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 Quarterly Author Index

Science 9 July 2004: 1-16.

 New Products

Science 9 July 2004: 263.
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News of the Week

OBESITY RESEARCH:
Labs Fail to Reproduce Protein's Appetite-Suppressing Effects

Trisha Gura
Science 9 July 2004: 158-159.
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SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY:
U.S. Prosecutes Professors for Shipping Microbes

Jennifer Couzin
Science 9 July 2004: 159.
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GEOPHYSICS:
Hammered by India, Puttylike Tibet Shows Limits of Plate Tectonics

Richard A. Kerr
Science 9 July 2004: 161.
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NEUROSCIENCE:
Monkey See, Monkey Think About Doing

Ingrid Wickelgren
Science 9 July 2004: 162-163.
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SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS:
Neuroscientists Learn Lesson in Diplomacy

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 9 July 2004: 162.
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SARS:
China Dumps CDC Head, Probes Lab

Martin Enserink and Lei Du
Science 9 July 2004: 163.
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PLANETARY SCIENCE:
Cassini's Magnificent Machines Run Rings Around Saturn

Richard A. Kerr
Science 9 July 2004: 165.
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ScienceScope

Science 9 July 2004: 161.
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Random Samples

Science 9 July 2004: 174.
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News Focus

OCEANOGRAPHY:
Saving Scripps

David Malakoff
Science 9 July 2004: 166-168.
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OCEANOGRAPHY:
Other Marine Labs Also Paddle Hard to Stay Afloat

David Malakoff
Science 9 July 2004: 167.
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PATIENT RECORDS:
Privacy Rule Creates Bottleneck for U.S. Biomedical Researchers

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 9 July 2004: 168-169.
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IMMUNOTHERAPY:
Can Worms Tame the Immune System?

Ingrid Wickelgren
Science 9 July 2004: 170-171.
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IMMUNOTHERAPY:
Wielding Worms at Asthma and Autoimmunity

Ingrid Wickelgren
Science 9 July 2004: 171.
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PALEONTOLOGY:
Scientists Warn of Threats to Fossil-Rich Chinese Site

Lei Du
Science 9 July 2004: 172-173.
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U.S. SCIENCE:
Weak Economy, Higher Stipends Send More to Graduate School

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 9 July 2004: 173.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 9 July 2004: 177.
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 Support for the RV144 HIV Vaccine Trial

Robert Belshe, Genoveffa Franchini, Marc P. Girard, Frances Gotch, Pontiano Kaleebu, Marta L. Marthas, Michael B. McChesney, Rose McCullough, Fred Mhalu, Dominique Salmon-Ceron, Rafick-Pierre Sekaly, Koen Van Rompay, Bernard Verrier, Britta Wahren, Mercedes Weissenbacher;, The AIDS Vaccine Advocacy Coalition;, Dennis R. Burton, Ronald C. Desrosiers, Robert W. Doms, Mark B. Feinberg, Beatrice H. Hahn, James A. Hoxie, Eric Hunter, Bette T. M. Korber, Alan L. Landay, Michael M. Lederman, Judy Lieberman, Joseph M. McCune, John P. Moore, Neal Nathanson, Louis Picker, Douglas D. Richman, Charles R. Rinaldo, Mario Stevenson, David I. Watkins, Steven M. Wolinsky, Jerome A. Zack;, and Robert C. Gallo
Science 9 July 2004: 177-180.
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 Outstanding Questions on HIV Vaccine Trial

Richard Jefferys, Mark Harrington;, John G. McNeil, Margaret I. Johnston, Edmund C. Tramont, and Deborah L. Birx
Science 9 July 2004: 180.
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 CORRECTIONS AND CLARIFICATIONS

Science 9 July 2004: 180.
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Books et al.

TECHNOLOGY:
Meanings of a Meltdown, After the Facts

Gene I. Rochlin
Science 9 July 2004: 181.
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VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY:
Fangs, Venom, and Fear Unraveled

Laurie J. Vitt
Science 9 July 2004: 182.
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 Books Received

Science 9 July 2004: 182.

Policy Forum

GENETICS:
Genomic Research and Human Subject Privacy

Zhen Lin, Art B. Owen, and Russ B. Altman
Science 9 July 2004: 183.
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Perspectives

MEDICINE:
Enhanced: A Boost for Translational Neuroscience

Hannelore Ehrenreich
Science 9 July 2004: 184-185.
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IMMUNOLOGY:
Tracing an Orphan's Genealogy

Delphine Guy-Grand and Pierre Vassalli
Science 9 July 2004: 185-187.
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PHYSICS:
Woodpiles for Photons

Reinald Hillebrand and Ulrich Gösele
Science 9 July 2004: 187-188.
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY:
Unraveling DNA Condensation with Optical Tweezers

Xiaowei Zhuang
Science 9 July 2004: 188-190.
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MATERIALS SCIENCE:
Microstructures in 4D

S. Erik Offerman
Science 9 July 2004: 190-191.
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GENOMICS:
The Chimpanzee Genome--A Bittersweet Celebration

Maynard V. Olson and Ajit Varki
Science 9 July 2004: 191-192.
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Brevia

Tryptophan Hydroxylase-2 Controls Brain Serotonin Synthesis

Xiaodong Zhang, Jean-Martin Beaulieu, Tatyana D. Sotnikova, Raul R. Gainetdinov, and Marc G. Caron
Science 9 July 2004: 217.
The brain enzyme that makes serotonin exists in two forms with different activities in different strains of mice, perhaps explaining variation in human susceptibility to mental illness. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

Small Bilaterian Fossils from 40 to 55 Million Years Before the Cambrian

Jun-Yuan Chen, David J. Bottjer, Paola Oliveri, Stephen Q. Dornbos, Feng Gao, Seth Ruffins, Huimei Chi, Chia-Wei Li, and Eric H. Davidson
Science 9 July 2004: 218-222.
Published online 3 June 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1099213] (in Science Express Research Articles)
Several examples of an early bilaterally symmetrical animal, less than 200 micrometers across but containing recognizable organs, have been recovered from the Doushantuo Formation, China. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Bacterial Condensin MukBEF Compacts DNA into a Repetitive, Stable Structure

Ryan B. Case, Yun-Pei Chang, Steven B. Smith, Jeff Gore, Nicholas R. Cozzarelli, and Carlos Bustamante
Science 9 July 2004: 222-227.
Published online 3 June 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1098225] (in Science Express Research Articles)
A specialized protein packs long strands of DNA for cell division by binding to them and then cooperatively binding to each other to form a compact structure. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Control of Light Emission by 3D Photonic Crystals

Shinpei Ogawa, Masahiro Imada, Susumu Yoshimoto, Makoto Okano, and Susumu Noda
Science 9 July 2004: 227-229.
Published online 3 June 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1097968] (in Science Express Reports)
Design of a three-dimensional photonic crystal allows control of light emitted from an optically active layer or point defects, a property potentially useful for optical communication. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Watching the Growth of Bulk Grains During Recrystallization of Deformed Metals

S. Schmidt, S. F. Nielsen, C. Gundlach, L. Margulies, X. Huang, and D. Juul Jensen
Science 9 July 2004: 229-232.
The growth of crystal grains during the recrystallization of highly deformed aluminum is heterogeneous, contrary to expectations. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Thinning and Flow of Tibetan Crust Constrained by Seismic Anisotropy

Nikolai M. Shapiro, Michael H. Ritzwoller, Peter Molnar, and Vadim Levin
Science 9 July 2004: 233-236.
Seismic data imply that a layer of the crust, deep beneath the Himalayas, is weak and has thinned by about 30 percent over time. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

InSAR Observations of Low Slip Rates on the Major Faults of Western Tibet

Tim J. Wright, Barry Parsons, Philip C. England, and Eric J. Fielding
Science 9 July 2004: 236-239.
Satellite interferometry measurements of slow slip on Tibetan faults imply that Tibet is not behaving as a rigid block, but has substantial internal deformation. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Derivatives of Erythropoietin That Are Tissue Protective But Not Erythropoietic

Marcel Leist, Pietro Ghezzi, Giovanni Grasso, Roberto Bianchi, Pia Villa, Maddalena Fratelli, Costanza Savino, Marina Bianchi, Jacob Nielsen, Jens Gerwien, Pekka Kallunki, Anna Kirstine Larsen, Lone Helboe, Søren Christensen, Lars O. Pedersen, Mette Nielsen, Lars Torup, Thomas Sager, Alessandra Sfacteria, Serhat Erbayraktar, Zubeyde Erbayraktar, Necati Gokmen, Osman Yilmaz, Carla Cerami-Hand, Qiao-wen Xie, Thomas Coleman, Anthony Cerami, and Michael Brines
Science 9 July 2004: 239-242.
A carbamoylated blood cell hormone can protect brain tissue from injury or stroke damage, opening the door for potential clinical application. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Frataxin Acts as an Iron Chaperone Protein to Modulate Mitochondrial Aconitase Activity

Anne-Laure Bulteau, Heather A. O'Neill, Mary Claire Kennedy, Masao Ikeda-Saito, Grazia Isaya, and Luke I. Szweda
Science 9 July 2004: 242-245.
The protein defective in patients with the neurodegenerative disease Friedrich's ataxia normally protects the function of an energy-producing enzyme. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Radical Site in Chlamydial Ribonucleotide Reductase Defines a New R2 Subclass

Martin Högbom, Pål Stenmark, Nina Voevodskaya, Grant McClarty, Astrid Gräslund, and Pär Nordlund
Science 9 July 2004: 245-248.
A human bacterial pathogen contains an enzyme for synthesizing DNA precursors that uses an unusual radical for catalysis. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Thymic Origin of Intestinal ß T Cells Revealed by Fate Mapping of RORt⁺ Cells

Gérard Eberl and Dan R. Littman
Science 9 July 2004: 248-251.
Immune cells found in the lining of the gut are born in the thymus, then migrate, clarifying previous conflicting results. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Diversification of Ig Superfamily Genes in an Invertebrate

Si-Ming Zhang, Coen M. Adema, Thomas B. Kepler, and Eric S. Loker
Science 9 July 2004: 251-254.
Unexpectedly, the diverse receptors that snails use to detect and defend against foreign substances are generated by mechanisms similar to those in vertebrates. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Cyclic AMP-Induced Repair of Zebrafish Spinal Circuits

Dimple H. Bhatt, Stefanie J. Otto, Brett Depoister, and Joseph R. Fetcho
Science 9 July 2004: 254-258.
Severed spinal cord neurons in zebrafish will regrow, reconnect, and correct paralysis if treated with a common intracellular signaling molecule. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Cognitive Control Signals for Neural Prosthetics

S. Musallam, B. D. Corneil, B. Greger, H. Scherberger, and R. A. Andersen
Science 9 July 2004: 258-262.
In monkeys, the activity of neurons used for planning tasks can direct an artificial limb to move to a goal. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

 Comment on "Diverse Psychotomimetics Act Through a Common Signaling Pathway"

Philip Seeman
Science 9 July 2004: 180.
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 Response to Comment on "Diverse Psychotomimetics Act Through a Common Signaling Pathway"

Per Svenningsson, George G. Nomikos, and Paul Greengard
Science 9 July 2004: 180.
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