Evolution of Language

First Words

Elizabeth Culotta and Brooks Hanson
Science 27 February 2004: 1315.
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News

The Origin of Speech

Constance Holden
Science 27 February 2004: 1316-1319.
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The First Language?

Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 27 February 2004: 1319-1320.
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Speaking in Tongues

Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 27 February 2004: 1321-1323.
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Search for the Indo-Europeans

Michael Balter
Science 27 February 2004: 1323.
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Why Anatolia?

Michael Balter
Science 27 February 2004: 1324.
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From Heofonum to Heavens

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 27 February 2004: 1326-1328.
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Viewpoints

The Future of Language

David Graddol
Science 27 February 2004: 1329-1331.
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Software and the Future of Programming Languages

Alfred V. Aho
Science 27 February 2004: 1331-1333.
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Of Towers, Walls, and Fields: Perspectives on Language in Science

Scott Montgomery
Science 27 February 2004: 1333-1335.
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This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 27 February 2004: 1253.
|Full Text »

Editorial:
Unification in the Century of Biology

Fotis C. Kafatos and Thomas Eisner
Science 27 February 2004: 1257.
Summary »|   PDF »|  

Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 27 February 2004: 1259.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 27 February 2004: 1267.
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 AAAS News & Notes

Science 27 February 2004: 1313.

 NEW PRODUCTS

Science 27 February 2004: 1385.

News of the Week

CREATIONISM:
Georgia Backs Off a Bit, But in Other States Battles Heat Up

Constance Holden
Science 27 February 2004: 1268.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

GLOBAL CHANGE:
Climate Plan Gets a Qualified Go-Ahead

Richard A. Kerr
Science 27 February 2004: 1269-1271.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

U.S. APPOINTMENTS:
FDA's Popular Chief to Take on Medicare

Jennifer Couzin
Science 27 February 2004: 1269.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

COSMOLOGY:
Light From Most-Distant Supernovae Shows Dark Energy Stays the Course

Charles Seife
Science 27 February 2004: 1271.
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ETHICS:
Testing Pesticides on Humans Given Qualified Endorsement

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 27 February 2004: 1272-1273.
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PLANETARY SCIENCE:
Look, Up in the Sky! It's a Threatening Asteroid!

Richard A. Kerr
Science 27 February 2004: 1272.
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SARS TREATMENT:
Interferon Shows Promise in Monkeys

Martin Enserink
Science 27 February 2004: 1273-1275.
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AIDS RESEARCH:
Potent HIV Blocker Identified in Monkeys

Jon Cohen
Science 27 February 2004: 1275.
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ScienceScope

Science 27 February 2004: 1271.
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Random Samples

Science 27 February 2004: 1287.
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News Focus

SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY:
Aging Research's Family Feud

Jennifer Couzin
Science 27 February 2004: 1276-1279.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

VACCINES:
Shifting Tactics in the Battle Against Influenza

Alicia Ault
Science 27 February 2004: 1280.
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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH:
Lab Network Eyes Closer Ties For Tackling World Hunger

Dennis Normile
Science 27 February 2004: 1281-1283.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION:
New Leaders, Fellowships Kindle Science on the Mall

Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 27 February 2004: 1283-1284.
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BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY:
A New Form of Mad Cow?

Dennis Normile
Science 27 February 2004: 1285.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 27 February 2004: 1293.
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 The Sudden Death of a Coral Reef

Bert W. Hoeksema, Daniel F. R. Cleary;, N. J. Abram, M. K. Gagan, M. T. McCulloch, J. Chappell, and W. S. Hantoro
Science 27 February 2004: 1293-1294.
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 The Challenges of an HIV Vaccine Enterprise

Rolf M. Zinkernagel;, Hans Wolf;, Richard D. Klausner, Anthony S. Fauci, Lawrence Corey, Gary J. Nabel, Helene Gayle, Seth Berkley, Barton F. Haynes, David Baltimore, Chris Collins, R. Gordon Douglas, Jose Esparza, Donald P. Francis, N. K. Ganguly, Julie Louise Gerberding, Margaret I. Johnson, Michel D. Kazatchkine, Andrew J. McMichael, Malegapuru W. Makgoba, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Peter Piot, Yiming Shao, Edmund Tramont, Harold Varmus, and Judith N. Wasserheit
Science 27 February 2004: 1294-1297.
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Books et al.

ARCHAEOLOGY:
Continuing the Debate on Words and Seeds

Steven Mithen
Science 27 February 2004: 1298-1299.
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 Browsings

Science 27 February 2004: 1298.
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LANGUAGE:
Many Perspectives, No Consensus

Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy
Science 27 February 2004: 1299-1300.
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 Browsings

Science 27 February 2004: 1300.
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ARCHAEOLOGY:
As Our World Warmed

Lawrence Guy Straus
Science 27 February 2004: 1300-1302.
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 Books Received

Science 27 February 2004: 1302.

Policy Forum

ECOLOGY:
Enhanced: Salvage Harvesting Policies After Natural Disturbance

D. B. Lindenmayer, D. R. Foster, J. F. Franklin, M. L. Hunter, R. F. Noss, F. A. Schmiegelow, and D. Perry
Science 27 February 2004: 1303.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Perspectives

MICROBIOLOGY:
We Get By with a Little Help from Our (Little) Friends

Edward Ruby, Brian Henderson, and Margaret McFall-Ngai
Science 27 February 2004: 1305-1307.
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY:
When a Part Is as Good as the Whole

Pieter L. deHaseth and Timothy W. Nilsen
Science 27 February 2004: 1307-1308.
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MATERIALS SCIENCE:
Self-Assembled Nanocoils

Brian A. Korgel
Science 27 February 2004: 1308-1309.
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ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE:
The Complex Interaction of Aerosols and Clouds

Hans-F. Graf
Science 27 February 2004: 1309-1311.
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY:
HNFs--Linking the Liver and Pancreatic Islets in Diabetes

Rohit N. Kulkarni and C. Ronald Kahn
Science 27 February 2004: 1311-1312.
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Brevia

 RNA Silencing Genes Control de Novo DNA Methylation

Simon W.-L. Chan, Daniel Zilberman, Zhixin Xie, Lisa K. Johansen, James C. Carrington, and Steven E. Jacobsen
Science 27 February 2004: 1336.
DNA introduced into plant cells is silenced by methylation accomplished through the same enzymes that generate interfering RNA. Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Article

Smoking Rain Clouds over the Amazon

M. O. Andreae, D. Rosenfeld, P. Artaxo, A. A. Costa, G. P. Frank, K. M. Longo, and M. A. F. Silva-Dias
Science 27 February 2004: 1337-1342.
Smoke from Amazon fires delays rainfall, intensifies thunderstorms, and increases water content in the upper atmosphere, with potential global effects. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Measurement of the Effect of Amazon Smoke on Inhibition of Cloud Formation

Ilan Koren, Yoram J. Kaufman, Lorraine A. Remer, and Jose V. Martins
Science 27 February 2004: 1342-1345.
Satellite measurements of the Amazon show that dark smoke particles inhibit the formation of clouds and absorb heat, raising the temperature of the upper atmosphere. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics Imaging Polarimetry of Herbig Ae/Be Stars

Marshall D. Perrin, James R. Graham, Paul Kalas, James P. Lloyd, Claire E. Max, Donald T. Gavel, Deanna M. Pennington, and Elinor L. Gates
Science 27 February 2004: 1345-1348.
Massive, young stars are imaged by using an artificial laser-formed "star" to correct for atmospheric distortion, revealing a dusty disc that suggests they form like stars as small as our Sun. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Single-Crystal Nanorings Formed by Epitaxial Self-Coiling of Polar Nanobelts

Xiang Yang Kong, Yong Ding, Rusen Yang, and Zhong Lin Wang
Science 27 February 2004: 1348-1351.
Zinc oxide can be induced to grow in a large slinky-like coil that can fuse to form a single crystal ring tens of nanometers thick and several micrometers across. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Selective Differentiation of Neural Progenitor Cells by High-Epitope Density Nanofibers

Gabriel A. Silva, Catherine Czeisler, Krista L. Niece, Elia Beniash, Daniel A. Harrington, John A. Kessler, and Samuel I. Stupp
Science 27 February 2004: 1352-1355.
Published online 22 January 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1093783] (in Science Express Reports)
A self-assembled scaffold of nanofibers containing specific peptide sequences causes neurons of a particular type to form from neural progenitor cells. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopic Anomalies in an Anhydrous Interplanetary Dust Particle

Christine Floss, Frank J. Stadermann, John Bradley, Zu Rong Dai, Sasa Bajt, and Giles Graham
Science 27 February 2004: 1355-1358.
A dust particle collected high in Earth's stratosphere contains organic material apparently derived from a cold cloud in interstellar space that formed before our solar system. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Legionella Effectors That Promote Nonlytic Release from Protozoa

John Chen, Karim Suwwan de Felipe, Margaret Clarke, Hao Lu, O. Roger Anderson, Gil Segal, and Howard A. Shuman
Science 27 February 2004: 1358-1361.
The bacterium that causes legionnaire's disease commandeers the secretory system of its host amoeba, which enables it to escape and to initiate infection of humans. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Putative Ca²⁺ and Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Required for Bacterial and Fungal Symbioses

Julien Lévy, Cécile Bres, René Geurts, Boulos Chalhoub, Olga Kulikova, Gérard Duc, Etienne-Pascal Journet, Jean-Michel Ané, Emmanuelle Lauber, Ton Bisseling, Jean Dénarié, Charles Rosenberg, and Frédéric Debellé
Science 27 February 2004: 1361-1364.
Published online 12 February 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1093038] (in Science Express Reports)
Two genes found only in plants code for proteins that carry information from root-colonizing fungi and bacteria to trigger the development of nitrogen-fixing nodules. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Medicago truncatula DMI1 Required for Bacterial and Fungal Symbioses in Legumes

Jean-Michel Ané, György B. Kiss, Brendan K. Riely, R. Varma Penmetsa, Giles E. D. Oldroyd, Céline Ayax, Julien Lévy, Frédéric Debellé, Jong-Min Baek, Peter Kalo, Charles Rosenberg, Bruce A. Roe, Sharon R. Long, Jean Dénarié, and Douglas R. Cook
Science 27 February 2004: 1364-1367.
Published online 12 February 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1092986] (in Science Express Reports)
Two genes found only in plants code for proteins that carry information from root-colonizing fungi and bacteria to trigger the development of nitrogen-fixing nodules. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

A Genome-Wide Screen Identifies Genes Required for Centromeric Cohesion

Adele L. Marston, Wai-Hong Tham, Hiral Shah, and Angelika Amon
Science 27 February 2004: 1367-1370.
Published online 29 January 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1094220] (in Science Express Reports)
A screen of a budding yeast genome identifies genes essential for the meiotic cell cycle, including three responsible for the pairing and cosegregation of identical chromosomes. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Human De-Etiolated-1 Regulates c-Jun by Assembling a CUL4A Ubiquitin Ligase

Ingrid E. Wertz, Karen M. O'Rourke, Zemin Zhang, David Dornan, David Arnott, Raymond J. Deshaies, and Vishva M. Dixit
Science 27 February 2004: 1371-1374.
Published online 22 January 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1093549] (in Science Express Reports)
Mammalian cells use more than one degradation pathway to prevent accumulation of a key proto-oncogene transcription factor that might induce cell death. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Ubiquitin Ligase SCF^Fbw7 Antagonizes Apoptotic JNK Signaling

Abdolrahman S. Nateri, Lluís Riera-Sans, Clive Da Costa, and Axel Behrens
Science 27 February 2004: 1374-1378.
Published online 22 January 2004 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1092880] (in Science Express Reports)
Mammalian cells use more than one degradation pathway to prevent accumulation of a key proto-oncogene transcription factor that might induce cell death. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Control of Pancreas and Liver Gene Expression by HNF Transcription Factors

Duncan T. Odom, Nora Zizlsperger, D. Benjamin Gordon, George W. Bell, Nicola J. Rinaldi, Heather L. Murray, Tom L. Volkert, Jörg Schreiber, P. Alexander Rolfe, David K. Gifford, Ernest Fraenkel, Graeme I. Bell, and Richard A. Young
Science 27 February 2004: 1378-1381.
Identification of the promoters targeted by three transcription factors in human liver and pancreas define the gene networks under the control of these master regulators. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Minimal Machinery of RNA Polymerase Holoenzyme Sufficient for Promoter Melting

Brian A. Young, Tanja M. Gruber, and Carol A. Gross
Science 27 February 2004: 1382-1384.
A surprisingly small portion of the RNA polymerase protein complex suffices to open the DNA helix enough to give the enzyme access to begin transcription. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

 Comment on "Coral Reef Death During the 1997 Indian Ocean Dipole Linked to Indonesian Wildfires"

R. van Woesik
Science 27 February 2004: 1297.
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 Response to Comment on "Coral Reef Death During the 1997 Indian Ocean Dipole Linked to Indonesian Wildfires"

Nerilie J. Abram, Michael G. Gagan, Malcolm T. McCulloch, John Chappell, and Wahyoe S. Hantoro
Science 27 February 2004: 1297.
Full Text »|   PDF »|