This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 5 September 2003: 1285.
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Editorial:
A Look at World Parks

David Suzuki
Science 5 September 2003: 1289.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 5 September 2003: 1291.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 5 September 2003: 1299.
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 NEW PRODUCTS

Science 5 September 2003: 1398.

News of the Week

THE COLUMBIA REPORT:
Vision, Resources in Short Supply for Damaged U.S. Space Program

Andrew Lawler
Science 5 September 2003: 1300-1303.
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THE COLUMBIA REPORT:
'I Think I Added Something'

Charles Seife
Science 5 September 2003: 1300.
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THE COLUMBIA REPORT:
Will a Safer Shuttle Still Support Science?

Charles Seife
Science 5 September 2003: 1301.
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INFECTIOUS DISEASES:
SARS Experts in China Urge Wider Animal Testing

Dennis Normile
Science 5 September 2003: 1303-1304.
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PLANETARY SCIENCE:
Comet 'Factory' Found to Have Too Little Inventory

Govert Schilling
Science 5 September 2003: 1304.
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INDIA:
Ayodhya Ruins Yield More Fuel for Ongoing Religious Fight

Pallava Bagla
Science 5 September 2003: 1305.
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MICROBIOLOGY:
Neither Cold Nor Snow Stops Tundra Fungi

Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 5 September 2003: 1307.
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SCIENCE AND REGULATION:
A White House Mandate for More Peer Review

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 5 September 2003: 1307.
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ScienceScope

Science 5 September 2003: 1303.
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Random Samples

Science 5 September 2003: 1319.
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News Focus

CANCER RESEARCH:
Mutant Stem Cells May Seed Cancer

Jean Marx
Science 5 September 2003: 1308-1310.
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RONALD PLASTERK PROFILE:
TV Fame and RNA Glory

Gretchen Vogel
Science 5 September 2003: 1311-1312.
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FATHERS AND CHILDREN PROFILE:
Inheriting the Family Science

Richard A. Kerr
Science 5 September 2003: 1312-1316.
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HONG KONG:
Science University Fears Merger Could Weaken Research Program

Dennis Normile
Science 5 September 2003: 1316-1317.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 5 September 2003: 1325.
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 All Obesity Is Not Created Equal

Paul J. Rosch
Science 5 September 2003: 1325.
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 Welfare Reform and Child Well-Being

Robert Kaestner;, P. Lindsay Chase-Lansdale, Robert A. Moffitt, Brenda J. Lohman, Andrew J. Cherlin, Rebekah Levine Coley, Laura D. Pittman, Jennifer Roff, and Elizabeth Votruba-Drzal
Science 5 September 2003: 1325.
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 Issues of Carbon Sequestration

Dan S. Golomb;, Meyer Steinberg;, and Klaus S. Lackner
Science 5 September 2003: 1326-1327.
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 CORRECTIONS AND CLARIFICATIONS

Science 5 September 2003: 1327.
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Books et al.

NEUROSCIENCE:
Neurophilosophy or Philoneuroscience

Ned Block
Science 5 September 2003: 1328-1329.
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MATHEMATICS:
A Polemic on Probability

Andrew H. Jaffe
Science 5 September 2003: 1329-1330.
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 Browsings

Science 5 September 2003: 1330.
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 Books Received

Science 5 September 2003: 1330.

Essays on Science and Society

PERCEPTIONS OF SCIENCE:
Celestial Spectroscopy: Making Reality Fit the Myth

Barbara J. Becker
Science 5 September 2003: 1332-1333.
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Perspectives

IMMUNOLOGY:
Hide and Seek in the Peptidome

Jonathan W. Yewdell
Science 5 September 2003: 1334-1335.
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PHYSICS:
Spinning Holes in Semiconductors

Herbert A. Fertig
Science 5 September 2003: 1335-1336.
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PALEOCLIMATE:
Enhanced: What Drove Past Teleconnections?

Frank Sirocko
Science 5 September 2003: 1336-1337.
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ECOLOGY:
Making Allelopathy Respectable

Alastair Fitter
Science 5 September 2003: 1337-1338.
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CELL SIGNALING:
β-Arrestin--Not Just for G Protein-Coupled Receptors

Allen Spiegel
Science 5 September 2003: 1338-1339.
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Brevia

 Parasite Selection for Immunogenetic Optimality

K. Mathias Wegner, Martin Kalbe, Joachim Kurtz, Thorsten B. H. Reusch, and Manfred Milinski
Science 5 September 2003: 1343.
Genes that help fight parasite infections in fish confer optimum fitness when 5.8 alleles are present, enough to provide broad resistance to parasites without diminishing the immune repertoire. Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Geminga's Tails: A Pulsar Bow Shock Probing the Interstellar Medium

P. A. Caraveo, G. F. Bignami, A. DeLuca, S. Mereghetti, A. Pellizzoni, R. Mignani, A. Tur, and W. Becker
Science 5 September 2003: 1345-1347.
Published online 24 July 2003 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1086973] (in Science Express Reports)
X-ray images reveal the shock wave produced as a neutron star moves at supersonic speeds through space. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Dissipationless Quantum Spin Current at Room Temperature

Shuichi Murakami, Naoto Nagaosa, and Shou-Cheng Zhang
Science 5 September 2003: 1348-1351.
Published online 7 August 2003 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1087128] (in Science Express Reports)
Calculations predict that manipulation of the electric field in semiconductors can control a current based on electron spin rather than charge flow, without generation of heat and at temperatures needed for widespread applications in devices. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Preparing Protein Microarrays by Soft-Landing of Mass-Selected Ions

Zheng Ouyang, Zoltán Takáts, Thomas A. Blake, Bogdan Gologan, Andy J. Guymon, Justin M. Wiseman, Justin C. Oliver, V. Jo Davisson, and R. Graham Cooks
Science 5 September 2003: 1351-1354.
Published online 14 August 2003 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1088776] (in Science Express Reports)
Proteins deposited on surfaces after separation in a mass spectrometer retain their biological activity. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Simultaneous Fluorescence and Raman Scattering from Single Carbon Nanotubes

Achim Hartschuh, Hermeneglido N. Pedrosa, Lukas Novotny, and Todd D. Krauss
Science 5 September 2003: 1354-1356.
Individual semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes display continuous fluorescence rather than the blinking fluorescence of other molecules. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Maximum in the Strength of Nanocrystalline Copper

Jakob Schiøtz and Karsten W. Jacobsen
Science 5 September 2003: 1357-1359.
A simulation shows that the maximum hardness of copper is achieved at a grain size of 10 to 15 nanometers, the size at which deformation occurs by slip between smaller grains, rather than within grains. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Seasonal Dynamics of Previously Unknown Fungal Lineages in Tundra Soils

Christopher W. Schadt, Andrew P. Martin, David A. Lipson, and Steven K. Schmidt
Science 5 September 2003: 1359-1361.
A community of microbes and previously undescribed fungi achieves its peak mass under winter snow. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Synchroneity of Tropical and High-Latitude Atlantic Temperatures over the Last Glacial Termination

David W. Lea, Dorothy K. Pak, Larry C. Peterson, and Konrad A. Hughen
Science 5 September 2003: 1361-1364.
During the end of the last glaciation, sea surface temperatures in the tropical Atlantic Ocean varied synchronously with air temperatures over Greenland and with atmospheric methane concentrations. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Indian Ocean Climate and an Absolute Chronology over Dansgaard/Oeschger Events 9 to 13

Stephen J. Burns, Dominik Fleitmann, Albert Matter, Jan Kramers, and Abdulkarim A. Al-Subbary
Science 5 September 2003: 1365-1367.
A stalagmite from an Indian Ocean island records abrupt climate changes from 42,000 to 55,000 years ago, some coincident with those seen in polar ice cores, some not. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Constitutive Display of Cryptic Translation Products by MHC Class I Molecules

Susan R. Schwab, Katy C. Li, Chulho Kang, and Nilabh Shastri
Science 5 September 2003: 1367-1371.
The immune system can recognize a protein experimentally produced from a normally untranslated region of the genome. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Self-Inhibition of Synthesis and Antigen Presentation by Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded EBNA1

Yili Yin, Bénédicte Manoury, and Robin Fåhraeus
Science 5 September 2003: 1371-1374.
After infecting host cells, the Epstein-Barr virus can hide from the immune system by producing a protein that inhibits its own synthesis, thereby minimizing the amount that appears on the cell surface. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Predominant Autoantibody Production by Early Human B Cell Precursors

Hedda Wardemann, Sergey Yurasov, Anne Schaefer, James W. Young, Eric Meffre, and Michel C. Nussenzweig
Science 5 September 2003: 1374-1377.
Published online 14 August 2003 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1086907] (in Science Express Reports)
Before the immune system matures, three-quarters of its antibody-producing cells are directed against the individual's own proteins. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Allelopathy and Exotic Plant Invasion: From Molecules and Genes to Species Interactions

Harsh P. Bais, Ramarao Vepachedu, Simon Gilroy, Ragan M. Callaway, and Jorge M. Vivanco
Science 5 September 2003: 1377-1380.
Spotted knapweed, a European native, succeeds as a North American invader by secreting a toxic chemical that causes cell death in the root systems of neighboring native plants. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Nuclear Membrane Proteins with Potential Disease Links Found by Subtractive Proteomics

Eric C. Schirmer, Laurence Florens, Tinglu Guan, John R. Yates, III, and Larry Gerace
Science 5 September 2003: 1380-1382.
Of 80 proteins found in the nuclear envelope, many are likely to be disease-related; only 13 of the 80 were previously known. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Molecular Basis of Metal-Ion Selectivity and Zeptomolar Sensitivity by CueR

Anita Changela, Kui Chen, Yi Xue, Jackie Holschen, Caryn E. Outten, Thomas V. O'Halloran, and Alfonso Mondragón
Science 5 September 2003: 1383-1387.
A protein that regulates the free levels of copper in bacteria can discriminate between vanishingly low concentrations of monovalent and divalent transition metals. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Autophagy Genes Are Essential for Dauer Development and Life-Span Extension in C. elegans

Alicia Meléndez, Zsolt Tallóczy, Matthew Seaman, Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen, David H. Hall, and Beth Levine
Science 5 September 2003: 1387-1391.
Autophagy, in which organisms degrade cellular constituents for their own nutrition, contributes to the ability of mutant nematodes to survive stress and extend their life-span. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Dishevelled 2 Recruits ß-Arrestin 2 to Mediate Wnt5A-Stimulated Endocytosis of Frizzled 4

Wei Chen, Derk ten Berge, Jeff Brown, Seungkirl Ahn, Liaoyuan A. Hu, William E. Miller, Marc G. Caron, Larry S. Barak, Roel Nusse, and Robert J. Lefkowitz
Science 5 September 2003: 1391-1394.
A widened role for β-arrestin includes control of two new signaling elements in addition to the G protein-coupled receptors. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

ß-Arrestin 2 Mediates Endocytosis of Type III TGF-ß Receptor and Down-Regulation of Its Signaling

Wei Chen, Kellye C. Kirkbride, Tam How, Christopher D. Nelson, Jinyao Mo, Joshua P. Frederick, Xiao-Fan Wang, Robert J. Lefkowitz, and Gerard C. Blobe
Science 5 September 2003: 1394-1397.
A widened role for &beta-arrestin includes control of two new signaling elements in addition to the G protein-coupled receptors. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|