This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 15 August 2003: 891.
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Editorial:
When the Price Is Wrong

Donald Kennedy
Science 15 August 2003: 895.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 15 August 2003: 896.
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NetWatch

Best of the Web in science.
Science 15 August 2003: 899.
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 NEW PRODUCTS

Science 15 August 2003: 979.

News of the Week

CALIFORNIA:
Universities Hit by New Round of Cuts; More Bad News Ahead

Erik Stokstad
Science 15 August 2003: 900.
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY:
House Wants More Bidders for Lab Contracts

David Malakoff
Science 15 August 2003: 900-901.
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SCIENCE POLICY:
Democrats Accuse Bush of Letting Politics Distort Science

David Malakoff
Science 15 August 2003: 901.
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BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH:
NIH Plans New Grants for Innovative Minds

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 15 August 2003: 902.
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ARCHAEOLOGY:
Roiled by Smuggling Charge, Egypt Dig to Continue

Barbara Casassus
Science 15 August 2003: 902.
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CHINA:
Scientists Urged to Share Large, Costly Instruments

Ding Yimin
Science 15 August 2003: 903.
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ECOLOGY:
Fifty Years of Deformed Frogs

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 15 August 2003: 904.
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ECOLOGY:
Drought Portends Mosquito Misery

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 15 August 2003: 904.
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NEUROSCIENCE:
Possible Role for Environmental Copper in Alzheimer's Disease

Jean Marx
Science 15 August 2003: 905.
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ScienceScope

Science 15 August 2003: 903.
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Random Samples

Science 15 August 2003: 914.
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News Focus

SPACE EXPLORATION:
One Nuclear Leap to Mars?

Richard Stone
Science 15 August 2003: 906-909.
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TECHNOLOGY:
Electronic Textiles Charge Ahead

Robert F. Service
Science 15 August 2003: 909-911.
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THOMAS MONATH PROFILE:
Riding the Biodefense Wave

Martin Enserink
Science 15 August 2003: 912-913.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 15 August 2003: 916.
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 Analyzing Carbon Flux Measurements

A. J. Dolman, E.-D. Schulze, R. Valentini;, and Christian Körner
Science 15 August 2003: 916-917.
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 Questions About Russian Grant System

Egor Prokhortchouk
Science 15 August 2003: 917-918.
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 CORRECTIONS AND CLARIFICATIONS

Science 15 August 2003: 918.
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Books et al.

PALEONTOLOGY:
The Crucial 80% of Life's Epic

Guy M. Narbonne
Science 15 August 2003: 919.
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HISTORY OF SCIENCE:
Was Newton a Newtonian?

Patricia Fara
Science 15 August 2003: 920.
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 Books Received

Science 15 August 2003: 920.

Policy Forum

MEDICINE:
Consent from Donors for Embryo and Stem Cell Research

Bernard Lo, Vicki Chou, Marcelle I. Cedars, Elena Gates, Robert N. Taylor, Richard M. Wagner, Leslie Wolf, and Keith R. Yamamoto
Science 15 August 2003: 921.
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Perspectives

PALEOCLIMATE:
Enhanced: Superlakes, Megafloods, and Abrupt Climate Change

Garry Clarke, David Leverington, James Teller, and Arthur Dyke
Science 15 August 2003: 922-923.
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VIROLOGY:
Weapons of Mutational Destruction

Vineet N. KewalRamani and John M. Coffin
Science 15 August 2003: 923-925.
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MICROBIOLOGY:
Biogeography for Bacteria

Tom Fenchel
Science 15 August 2003: 925-926.
Published online 24 July 2003 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1089242] (in Science Express Perspectives)
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CHEMISTRY:
All That Glitters Is Not Au⁰

Robert J. Davis
Science 15 August 2003: 926-927.
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GENETICS:
Modifying the Message

Joseph H. Nadeau
Science 15 August 2003: 927-928.
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Review

Climate Change, Human Impacts, and the Resilience of Coral Reefs

T. P. Hughes, A. H. Baird, D. R. Bellwood, M. Card, S. R. Connolly, C. Folke, R. Grosberg, O. Hoegh-Guldberg, J. B. C. Jackson, J. Kleypas, J. M. Lough, P. Marshall, M. Nyström, S. R. Palumbi, J. M. Pandolfi, B. Rosen, and J. Roughgarden
Science 15 August 2003: 929-933.
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Brevia

 Extending the Upper Temperature Limit for Life

Kazem Kashefi and Derek R. Lovley
Science 15 August 2003: 934.
An Archean microorganism isolated from a hydrothermal vent uses Fe(III) as an electron acceptor, grows well at the temperature of an autoclave, and survives to 130°C. Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Reports

Active Nonmetallic Au and Pt Species on Ceria-Based Water-Gas Shift Catalysts

Qi Fu, Howard Saltsburg, and Maria Flytzani-Stephanopoulos
Science 15 August 2003: 935-938.
Published online 3 July 2003 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1085721] (in Science Express Reports)
Hydrogen production via gold- or platinum-supported catalysts can be achieved with smaller quantities of these expensive metals. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Possible Primordial Peptide Cycle

Claudia Huber, Wolfgang Eisenreich, Stefan Hecht, and Günter Wächtershäuser
Science 15 August 2003: 938-940.
Iron-nickel sulfides can catalyze the formation of peptides that are subsequently degraded to urea and amino acids, creating a peptide cycle that may have played a role in the origin of life. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Quantum Laser Pointer

Nicolas Treps, Nicolai Grosse, Warwick P. Bowen, Claude Fabre, Hans-A. Bachor, and Ping Koy Lam
Science 15 August 2003: 940-943.
A combination of three light beams, two of which have been squeezed to reduce quantum noise in one dimension, can produce a laser with a spot size of less than two angstroms. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Electrical Manipulation of Magnetization Reversal in a Ferromagnetic Semiconductor

D. Chiba, M. Yamanouchi, F. Matsukura, and H. Ohno
Science 15 August 2003: 943-945.
Published online 10 July 2003 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1086608] (in Science Express Reports)
An electrical current can reversibly magnetize a tiny domain of a semiconductor, potentially allowing for even smaller memory storage devices. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Ice Core Records of Atmospheric N₂O Covering the Last 106,000 Years

Todd Sowers, Richard B. Alley, and Jennifer Jubenville
Science 15 August 2003: 945-948.
The atmospheric concentration of nitrous oxide, an important greenhouse gas, increased abruptly at the end of the Last Ice Age, although the fraction produced from the ocean remained constant. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

340,000-Year Centennial-Scale Marine Record of Southern Hemisphere Climatic Oscillation

Katharina Pahnke, Rainer Zahn, Henry Elderfield, and Michael Schulz
Science 15 August 2003: 948-952.
Abrupt climate changes were more intense in the Southern Hemisphere than has been inferred from Antarctic ice cores, and they were closely coordinated with events in the Northern Hemisphere. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Coral Reef Death During the 1997 Indian Ocean Dipole Linked to Indonesian Wildfires

Nerilie J. Abram, Michael K. Gagan, Malcolm T. McCulloch, John Chappell, and Wahyoe S. Hantoro
Science 15 August 2003: 952-955.
Widespread Indonesian wildfires in 1997 fertilized the western Indian Ocean with iron, which nourished a red tide that asphyxiated local coral reefs. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Global Trajectories of the Long-Term Decline of Coral Reef Ecosystems

John M. Pandolfi, Roger H. Bradbury, Enric Sala, Terence P. Hughes, Karen A. Bjorndal, Richard G. Cooke, Deborah McArdle, Loren McClenachan, Marah J. H. Newman, Gustavo Paredes, Robert R. Warner, and Jeremy B. C. Jackson
Science 15 August 2003: 955-958.
Coral reefs worldwide have suffered from human activities for millennia. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Long-Term Region-Wide Declines in Caribbean Corals

Toby A. Gardner, Isabelle M. Côté, Jennifer A. Gill, Alastair Grant, and Andrew R. Watkinson
Science 15 August 2003: 958-960.
Published online 17 July 2003 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1086050] (in Science Express Reports)
The area of the coral reefs in the Caribbean has plummeted over the past three decades. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Tempo and Mode of Evolutionary Radiation in Iguanian Lizards

Luke J. Harmon, James A. Schulte, II, Allan Larson, and Jonathan B. Losos
Science 15 August 2003: 961-964.
Those groups of lizards that diversified early show more differences among individual species than those that diversified later, a pattern that may apply generally. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

An Expanded Eukaryotic Genetic Code

Jason W. Chin, T. Ashton Cropp, J. Christopher Anderson, Mridul Mukherji, Zhiwen Zhang, and Peter G. Schultz
Science 15 August 2003: 964-967.
The genetic code of yeast has been augmented by unnatural amino acids with useful functional groups, which will facilitate studies of protein function in cells. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

SCNM1, a Putative RNA Splicing Factor That Modifies Disease Severity in Mice

David A. Buchner, Michelle Trudeau, and Miriam H. Meisler
Science 15 August 2003: 967-969.
The susceptibility of a particular mouse strain to a genetic disease can be explained by the presence or absence of a modifier gene, a mutated splicing factor. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Loss of a Callose Synthase Results in Salicylic Acid-Dependent Disease Resistance

Marc T. Nishimura, Mónica Stein, Bi-Huei Hou, John P. Vogel, Herb Edwards, and Shauna C. Somerville
Science 15 August 2003: 969-972.
Genetic removal of a plant enzyme that helps to seal off pathogen-inflicted wounds unexpectedly results in more, rather than less, resistance to disease. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Hirschsprung Disease Is Linked to Defects in Neural Crest Stem Cell Function

Toshihide Iwashita, Genevieve M. Kruger, Ricardo Pardal, Mark J. Kiel, and Sean J. Morrison
Science 15 August 2003: 972-976.
Gene expression patterns in neural stem cells suggest that a common hereditary disease in which intestinal motility fails occurs because these cells fail to migrate to and form nerves in the gut. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Geographic Barriers Isolate Endemic Populations of Hyperthermophilic Archaea

Rachel J. Whitaker, Dennis W. Grogan, and John W. Taylor
Science 15 August 2003: 976-978.
Published online 24 July 2003 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1086909] (in Science Express Reports)
Microbes from individual hot springs are genetically distinct and have not spread throughout the globe, indicating that there is a much larger diversity of these organisms than has been assumed. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

 Comment on "Foraging Adaptation and the Relationship Between Food-Web Complexity and Stability"

Ulrich Brose, Richard J. Williams, and Neo D. Martinez
Science 15 August 2003: 918.
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 Response to Comment on "Foraging Adaptation and the Relationship Between Food-Web Complexity and Stability"

Michio Kondoh
Science 15 August 2003: 918.
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