Trained goldfish approaching a familiar yellow rectangle amidst a multicolored “Mondrian” background. This Mondrian was photographed in “white light” but looks much the same to human observers when viewed in light with radically different spectral composition. The goldfish, as well as the human, recognizes familiar colors despite the dramatic spectral changes in reflected illuminant from each portion of the Mondrian. Thus, a relatively simple vertebrate demonstrates an efficient perceptual constancy that has hitherto been considered as a high-level brain function. See page 651. [J. Scarpetti and E. Gobbo, Rowland Institute for Science, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142]

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