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Science 5 August 2005:
Vol. 309. no. 5736, p. 847
DOI: 10.1126/science.309.5736.847n
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When particles are randomly added to matrix, a concentration is eventually reached where a percolation network forms. For a conductive material, for example, the formation of a percolation network would manifest as a sudden change in the electrical resistivity. Not surprisingly, elongated or rod-like particles can have a lower percolation threshold than spherical ones. Vigolo et al. (p. 920) studied aqueous carbon nanotube dispersions that were charge stabilized by ionic surfactant molecules adsorbed onto their surface. The percolation threshold decreased considerably even for very weak rod-to-rod interactions.




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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)