Also see the archival list of Science's Compass: Enhanced Perspectives
PLANETARY SCIENCE:
Enhanced: Life Without Photosynthesis
Christopher F. Chyba and Kevin P. Hand
Recent planetary exploration has provided evidence for large subsurface oceans on several jovian moons. In their Perspective, Chyba and Hand assess the chances for life in these oceans, which are deprived of sunlight. Photosynthesis is therefore ruled out, but other sources may provide molecular oxygen in sufficiently high concentration to serve as an energy source for life.
C. F. Chyba is at the Center for the Study of Life in the Universe, SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94404, USA; the Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; and in the Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; e-mail: chyba{at}seti.org.. K. P. Hand is in CISAC and the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.