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Originally published in Science Express on 12 March 2009
Science 1 May 2009:
Vol. 324. no. 5927, pp. 654 - 657
DOI: 10.1126/science.1170803
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Reports

Circadian Control of the NAD+ Salvage Pathway by CLOCK-SIRT1

Yasukazu Nakahata, Saurabh Sahar, Giuseppe Astarita, Milota Kaluzova, Paolo Sassone-Corsi*

Many metabolic and physiological processes display circadian oscillations. We have shown that the core circadian regulator, CLOCK, is a histone acetyltransferase whose activity is counterbalanced by the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)–dependent histone deacetylase SIRT1. Here we show that intracellular NAD+ levels cycle with a 24-hour rhythm, an oscillation driven by the circadian clock. CLOCK:BMAL1 regulates the circadian expression of NAMPT (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase), an enzyme that provides a rate-limiting step in the NAD+ salvage pathway. SIRT1 is recruited to the Nampt promoter and contributes to the circadian synthesis of its own coenzyme. Using the specific inhibitor FK866, we demonstrated that NAMPT is required to modulate circadian gene expression. Our findings in mouse embryo fibroblasts reveal an interlocked transcriptional-enzymatic feedback loop that governs the molecular interplay between cellular metabolism and circadian rhythms.

Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.

* Corresponding author: Paolo Sassone-Corsi, psc{at}uci.edu

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