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Originally published in Science Express on 24 January 2008
Science 29 February 2008:
Vol. 319. no. 5867, pp. 1229 - 1232
DOI: 10.1126/science.1150878
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Reports

Chemically Derived, Ultrasmooth Graphene Nanoribbon Semiconductors

Xiaolin Li,* Xinran Wang,* Li Zhang, Sangwon Lee, Hongjie Dai{dagger}

We developed a chemical route to produce graphene nanoribbons (GNR) with width below 10 nanometers, as well as single ribbons with varying widths along their lengths or containing lattice-defined graphene junctions for potential molecular electronics. The GNRs were solution-phase–derived, stably suspended in solvents with noncovalent polymer functionalization, and exhibited ultrasmooth edges with possibly well-defined zigzag or armchair-edge structures. Electrical transport experiments showed that, unlike single-walled carbon nanotubes, all of the sub–10-nanometer GNRs produced were semiconductors and afforded graphene field effect transistors with on-off ratios of about 107 at room temperature.

Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

* These authors contributed equally to this work.

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hdai{at}stanford.edu

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