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Science 14 December 2007:
Vol. 318. no. 5857, pp. 1780 - 1782
DOI: 10.1126/science.1145977
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Reports

Transcribing RNA Polymerase II Is Phosphorylated at CTD Residue Serine-7

Rob D. Chapman,1 Martin Heidemann,1 Thomas K. Albert,2* Reinhard Mailhammer,1 Andrew Flatley,2 Michael Meisterernst,2* Elisabeth Kremmer,2 Dirk Eick1{dagger}

RNA polymerase II is distinguished by its large carboxyl-terminal repeat domain (CTD), composed of repeats of the consensus heptapeptide Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7. Differential phosphorylation of serine-2 and serine-5 at the 5' and 3' regions of genes appears to coordinate the localization of transcription and RNA processing factors to the elongating polymerase complex. Using monoclonal antibodies, we reveal serine-7 phosphorylation on transcribed genes. This position does not appear to be phosphorylated in CTDs of less than 20 consensus repeats. The position of repeats where serine-7 is substituted influenced the appearance of distinct phosphorylated forms, suggesting functional differences between CTD regions. Our results indicate that restriction of serine-7 epitopes to the Linker-proximal region limits CTD phosphorylation patterns and is a requirement for optimal gene expression.

1 Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology and Tumour Genetics, GSF-Research Center of Environment and Health, Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science (CiPSM), Marchioninistrasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.
2 Institute of Molecular Immunology, GSF-Research Center of Environment and Health, Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, Marchioninistrasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.

* Present address: Institute of Tumor Biology, University Muenster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 43, 48149 Muenster, Germany.

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: eick{at}gsf.de

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THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Snapshots of the RNA Processing Factor SCAF8 Bound to Different Phosphorylated Forms of the Carboxyl-terminal Domain of RNA Polymerase II.
R. Becker, B. Loll, and A. Meinhart (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 22659-22669
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Essential Sequence Elements Required for RNAP II Carboxyl-terminal Domain Function in Yeast and Their Evolutionary Conservation.
P. Liu, A. L. Greenleaf, and J. W. Stiller (2008)
Mol. Biol. Evol. 25, 719-727
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Serine-7 of the RNA Polymerase II CTD Is Specifically Required for snRNA Gene Expression.
S. Egloff, D. O'Reilly, R. D. Chapman, A. Taylor, K. Tanzhaus, L. Pitts, D. Eick, and S. Murphy (2007)
Science 318, 1777-1779
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)