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Science 23 November 2007:
Vol. 318. no. 5854, pp. 1296 - 1299
DOI: 10.1126/science.1149726
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Reports

Efficient Transplantation via Antibody-Based Clearance of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches

Agnieszka Czechowicz, Daniel Kraft, Irving L. Weissman,*{dagger} Deepta Bhattacharya{dagger}

Upon intravenous transplantation, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can home to specialized niches, yet most HSCs fail to engraft unless recipients are subjected to toxic preconditioning. We provide evidence that, aside from immune barriers, donor HSC engraftment is restricted by occupancy of appropriate niches by host HSCs. Administration of ACK2, an antibody that blocks c-kit function, led to the transient removal of >98% of endogenous HSCs in immunodeficient mice. Subsequent transplantation of these mice with donor HSCs led to chimerism levels of up to 90%. Extrapolation of these methods to humans may enable mild but effective conditioning regimens for transplantation.

Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Departments of Pathology and Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

{dagger} These authors contributed equally to this work.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: irv{at}stanford.edu

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)