Reports

Candidatus Chloracidobacterium thermophilum: An Aerobic Phototrophic Acidobacterium

Donald A. Bryant,^1* Amaya M. Garcia Costas,¹ Julia A. Maresca,¹ Aline Gomez Maqueo Chew,¹ Christian G. Klatt,² Mary M. Bateson,² Luke J. Tallon,³ Jessica Hostetler,³ William C. Nelson,³ John F. Heidelberg,^3,4 David M. Ward²

Only five bacterial phyla with members capable of chlorophyll (Chl)–based phototrophy are presently known. Metagenomic data from the phototrophic microbial mats of alkaline siliceous hot springs in Yellowstone National Park revealed the existence of a distinctive bacteriochlorophyll (BChl)–synthesizing, phototrophic bacterium. A highly enriched culture of this bacterium grew photoheterotrophically, synthesized BChls a and c under oxic conditions, and had chlorosomes and type 1 reaction centers. "Candidatus Chloracidobacterium thermophilum" is a BChl-producing member of the poorly characterized phylum Acidobacteria.

¹ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
² Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Post Office Box 173120, Bozeman, MT 59717–3120, USA.
³ The Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
⁴ Department of Biology, University of Southern California, Wrigley Marine Science Center, Post Office Box 5069, Avalon, CA 90704, USA.

Present address: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Present address: Department of Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dab14{at}psu.edu

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Envelope Proteins of the CsmB/CsmF and CsmC/CsmD Motif Families Influence the Size, Shape, and Composition of Chlorosomes in Chlorobaculum tepidum.

H. Li and D. A. Bryant (2009)
J. Bacteriol. 191, 7109-7120
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Structure of Chlorosomes from the Green Filamentous Bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus.

J. Psencik, A. M. Collins, L. Liljeroos, M. Torkkeli, P. Laurinmaki, H. M. Ansink, T. P. Ikonen, R. E. Serimaa, R. E. Blankenship, R. Tuma, et al. (2009)
J. Bacteriol. 191, 6701-6708
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Bar-Coded Pyrosequencing Reveals Shared Bacterial Community Properties along the Temperature Gradients of Two Alkaline Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park.

S. R. Miller, A. L. Strong, K. L. Jones, and M. C. Ungerer (2009)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 75, 4565-4572
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Alternating syn-anti bacteriochlorophylls form concentric helical nanotubes in chlorosomes.

S. Ganapathy, G. T. Oostergetel, P. K. Wawrzyniak, M. Reus, A. Gomez Maqueo Chew, F. Buda, E. J. Boekema, D. A. Bryant, A. R. Holzwarth, and H. J. M. de Groot (2009)
PNAS 106, 8525-8530
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Three Genomes from the Phylum Acidobacteria Provide Insight into the Lifestyles of These Microorganisms in Soils.

N. L. Ward, J. F. Challacombe, P. H. Janssen, B. Henrissat, P. M. Coutinho, M. Wu, G. Xie, D. H. Haft, M. Sait, J. Badger, et al. (2009)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 75, 2046-2056
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Discovering Functional Novelty in Metagenomes: Examples from Light-Mediated Processes.

A. H. Singh, T. Doerks, I. Letunic, J. Raes, and P. Bork (2009)
J. Bacteriol. 191, 32-41
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The supramolecular organization of self-assembling chlorosomal bacteriochlorophyll c, d, or e mimics.

T. Jochum, C. M. Reddy, A. Eichhofer, G. Buth, J. Szmytkowski, H. Kalt, D. Moss, and T. S. Balaban (2008)
PNAS 105, 12736-12741
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The evolution of photosynthesis...again?.

L. J Rothschild (2008)
Phil Trans R Soc B 363, 2787-2801
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