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Science 27 April 2007:
Vol. 316. no. 5824, pp. 604 - 608
DOI: 10.1126/science.1141229

Reports

Regulation of the Germinal Center Response by MicroRNA-155

To-Ha Thai,1 Dinis Pedro Calado,1 Stefano Casola,2 K. Mark Ansel,1 Changchun Xiao,1 Yingzi Xue,3 Andrew Murphy,3 David Frendewey,3 David Valenzuela,3 Jeffery L. Kutok,4 Marc Schmidt-Supprian,1 Nikolaus Rajewsky,5 George Yancopoulos,3 Anjana Rao,1 Klaus Rajewsky1*

MicroRNAs are small RNA species involved in biological control at multiple levels. Using genetic deletion and transgenic approaches, we show that the evolutionarily conserved microRNA-155 (miR-155) has an important role in the mammalian immune system, specifically in regulating T helper cell differentiation and the germinal center reaction to produce an optimal T cell–dependent antibody response. miR-155 exerts this control, at least in part, by regulating cytokine production. These results also suggest that individual microRNAs can exert critical control over mammalian differentiation processes in vivo.

1 CBR Institute for Biomedical Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
2 IFOM–The FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Milano, Via Adamello 16 Milan 20139, Italy.
3 Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.
4 Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
5 Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, D-13125 Berlin, Germany.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rajewsky{at}cbr.med.harvard.edu

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