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Science 22 December 2006:
Vol. 314. no. 5807, pp. 1936 - 1938
DOI: 10.1126/science.1135299
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Reports

Adjuvant-Enhanced Antibody Responses in the Absence of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling

Amanda L. Gavin,1 Kasper Hoebe,1 Bao Duong,1,2 Takayuki Ota,1 Christopher Martin,1,2 Bruce Beutler,1 David Nemazee1*

Innate immune signals mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been thought to contribute considerably to the antibody-enhancing effects of vaccine adjuvants. However, we report here that mice deficient in the critical signaling components for TLR mount robust antibody responses to T cell–dependent antigen given in four typical adjuvants: alum, Freund's complete adjuvant, Freund's incomplete adjuvant, and monophosphoryl-lipid A/trehalose dicorynomycolate adjuvant. We conclude that TLR signaling does not account for the action of classical adjuvants and does not fully explain the action of a strong adjuvant containing a TLR ligand. This may have important implications in the use and development of vaccine adjuvants.

1 Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
2 The Scripps Research Institute, Kellogg School of Science and Technology, Doctoral Program in Chemical and Biological Sciences, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: nemazee{at}scripps.edu

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