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Science 8 December 2006: Vol. 314. no. 5805, p. 1512 DOI: 10.1126/science.314.5805.1512h
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This Week in Science
Successful biofuels development will require the creation of microbial strains that have high ethanol and glucose tolerance and necessitate the reprogramming of whole segments of metabolism. Alper et al. (p. 1565) changed one member of the global transcription machinery so that the levels of the multitude of genes necessary to achieve ethanol and glucose tolerance could be altered simultaneously. To date, biofuels are produced from monocultures grown on fertile soils. These biofuels are"carbon-positive" because their production and combustion increases atmospheric CO2, although not as much as do fossil fuels. Tilman et al. (p. 1598, see the cover) now find that biofuels produced by polycultures of multiple species can be"carbon negative" and may provide a substantial portion of global energy needs in a sustainable and environmentally beneficial manner without competing with food production for fertile lands.
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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)