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Science 20 October 2006:
Vol. 314. no. 5798, p. 381
DOI: 10.1126/science.314.5798.381g
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This Week in Science
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is a retrovirus and uses reverse transcription to generate DNA, which enters the nucleus to integrate with the host DNA. The latter process is catalyzed by a virally-encoded integrase enzyme, and this latent reservoir represents a major obstacle to the treatment of HIV disease. The transcriptional coactivator LEDGF/p75 (p75) binds the HIV-1 integrase protein and protects it from degradation by the cell's proteasomal machinery. Llano et al. (p. 461, published online 7 September) now show that p75 plays a crucial role in viral integration by acting as tether between the integrase and chromatin. For the case of baculovirus replication, Goley et al. (p. 464) now find this process requires the redistribution of the actin cytoskeleton into the nucleus of infected cells. Autographa californica induces nuclear actin assembly by recruiting the host actin-nucleating Arp2/3 complex into the nucleus and activating it with p78/83, a Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WASP)-like viral protein. This unanticipated role for the assembly of actin in the nucleus may play a role in the action of other pathogens.
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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)
