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Science 19 May 2006:
Vol. 312. no. 5776, pp. 1027 - 1030
DOI: 10.1126/science.1125559
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Reports

Oligonucleotide-Modified Gold Nanoparticles for Intracellular Gene Regulation

Nathaniel L. Rosi,* David A. Giljohann,* C. Shad Thaxton, Abigail K. R. Lytton-Jean, Min Su Han, Chad A. Mirkin{dagger}

We describe the use of gold nanoparticle-oligonucleotide complexes as intracellular gene regulation agents for the control of protein expression in cells. These oligonucleotide-modified nanoparticles have affinity constants for complementary nucleic acids that are higher than their unmodified oligonucleotide counterparts, are less susceptible to degradation by nuclease activity, exhibit greater than 99% cellular uptake, can introduce oligonucleotides at a higher effective concentration than conventional transfection agents, and are nontoxic to the cells under the conditions studied. By chemically tailoring the density of DNA bound to the surface of gold nanoparticles, we demonstrated a tunable gene knockdown.

Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208–3113 USA

* These authors contributed equally to this work.

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: chadnano{at}northwestern.edu

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)