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Equivalent Effects of Snake PLA2 Neurotoxins and Lysophospholipid-Fatty Acid Mixtures
Michela Rigoni,1Paola Caccin,1Steve Gschmeissner,2Grielof Koster,3Anthony D. Postle,3Ornella Rossetto,1Giampietro Schiavo,2Cesare Montecucco1*
Snake presynaptic phospholipase A2 neurotoxins (SPANs) paralyzethe neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Upon intoxication, the NMJenlarges and has a reduced content of synaptic vesicles, andprimary neuronal cultures show synaptic swelling with surfaceexposure of the lumenal domain of the synaptic vesicle proteinsynaptotagmin I. Concomitantly, these neurotoxins induce exocytosisof neurotransmitters. We found that an equimolar mixture oflysophospholipids and fatty acids closely mimics all of thebiological effects of SPANs. These results draw attention tothe possible role of local lipid changes in synaptic vesiclerelease and provide new tools for the study of exocytosis.
1 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy. 2 Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, London, UK. 3 School of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cesare.montecucco{at}unipd.it
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M. Zeniou-Meyer, N. Zabari, U. Ashery, S. Chasserot-Golaz, A.-M. Haeberle, V. Demais, Y. Bailly, I. Gottfried, H. Nakanishi, A. M. Neiman, et al. (2007)
J. Biol. Chem.
282, 21746-21757
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Evidence of Cholesterol Accumulated in High Curvature Regions: Implication to the Curvature Elastic Energy for Lipid Mixtures.
Calcium Influx and Mitochondrial Alterations at Synapses Exposed to Snake Neurotoxins or Their Phospholipid Hydrolysis Products.
M. Rigoni, P. Pizzo, G. Schiavo, A. E. Weston, G. Zatti, P. Caccin, O. Rossetto, T. Pozzan, and C. Montecucco (2007)
J. Biol. Chem.
282, 11238-11245
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Changes in mitochondrial oxidative capacities during thermal acclimation of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss: roles of membrane proteins, phospholipids and their fatty acid compositions.
Cytosolic PLA2 in Zymogen Granule Fusion and Amylase Release: Inhibition of GTP-induced Fusion by Arachidonyl Trifluoromethyl Ketone Points to cPLA2 in G-Protein-mediated Secretory Vesicle Fusion.
