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Science 22 October 2004:
Vol. 306. no. 5696, pp. 686 - 687
DOI: 10.1126/science.1103524
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Reports

Elemental and Redox Analysis of Single Bacterial Cells by X-ray Microbeam Analysis

Kenneth M. Kemner,1* Shelly D. Kelly,1 Barry Lai,1 Joerg Maser,1 Edward J. O'Loughlin,1 Deirdre Sholto-Douglas,1 Zhonghou Cai,1 Mark A. Schneegurt,2 Charles F. Kulpa, Jr.,3 Kenneth H. Nealson4

High-energy x-ray fluorescence measurements were used to make elemental maps and qualitative chemical analyses of individual Pseudomonas fluorescens strain NCIMB 11764 cells. Marked differences between planktonic and adhered cells were seen in the morphology, elemental composition, and sensitivity to Cr(VI) of hydrated cells at spatial scales of 150 nm. This technology can be applied to natural geomicrobiological systems.

1 Environmental Research Division and Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439–4843, USA.
2 Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA.
3 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
4 Department of Earth Sciences, Mail Code 0740, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089–0740, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kemner{at}anl.gov

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