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Science 23 July 2004:
Vol. 305. no. 5683, pp. 519 - 522
DOI: 10.1126/science.1098801
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Reports

Functional Adaptation of BabA, the H. pylori ABO Blood Group Antigen Binding Adhesin

Marina Aspholm-Hurtig,1 Giedrius Dailide,2 Martina Lahmann,3 Awdhesh Kalia,2 Dag Ilver,4 Niamh Roche,4 Susanne Vikström,1 Rolf Sjöström,1 Sara Lindén,5 Anna Bäckström,1 Carina Lundberg,1 Anna Arnqvist,1,6 Jafar Mahdavi,1 Ulf J. Nilsson,7 Billie Velapatiño,8 Robert H. Gilman,8 Markus Gerhard,9 Teresa Alarcon,10 Manuel López-Brea,10 Teruko Nakazawa,11 James G. Fox,12 Pelayo Correa,13 Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello,14 Guillermo I. Perez-Perez,15 Martin J. Blaser,15 Staffan Normark,16 Ingemar Carlstedt,5 Stefan Oscarson,17 Susann Teneberg,4* Douglas E. Berg,2* Thomas Borén1,18*

Adherence by Helicobacter pylori increases the risk of gastric disease. Here, we report that more than 95% of strains that bind fucosylated blood group antigen bind A, B, and O antigens (generalists), whereas 60% of adherent South American Amerindian strains bind blood group O antigens best (specialists). This specialization coincides with the unique predominance of blood group O in these Amerindians. Strains differed about 1500-fold in binding affinities, and diversifying selection was evident in babA sequences. We propose that cycles of selection for increased and decreased bacterial adherence contribute to babA diversity and that these cycles have led to gradual replacement of generalist binding by specialist binding in blood group O–dominant human populations.

1 Department of Odontology, section of Oral Microbiology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
2 Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
3 Department of Chemistry, Göteborg University, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden.
4 Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Göteborg University, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
5 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden.
6 Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
7 Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
8 Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
9 Medical Department Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, DE-81675 Munich, Germany.
10 Department of Microbiology, Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
11 Department of Microbiology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 755-8505 Ube, Yamaguchi 755, Japan.
12 Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
13 Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
14 Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931–3360, Puerto Rico.
15 Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016–9196, USA.
16 Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center (MTC), Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
17 Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
18 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Thomas.Boren{at}medchem.umu.se (T.B.); Berg{at}borcim.wustl.edu (D.E.B.); Susann.Teneberg{at}medkem.gu.se (S.T.)

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)