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Science 11 June 2004:
Vol. 304. no. 5677, pp. 1648 - 1650
DOI: 10.1126/science.1096841
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Reports

Femtotesla Magnetic Field Measurement with Magnetoresistive Sensors

Myriam Pannetier,1* Claude Fermon,1 Gerald Le Goff,1 Juha Simola,2 Emma Kerr3

The measurement of magnetic fields in the femtotesla (fT, 10–15 tesla) range is important for applications such as magnetometry, quantum computing, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, and magnetoencephalography. The only sensors capable of detecting these very small fields have been based on low-temperature superconducting quantum interference devices operating at 4.2 kelvin. We present a magnetic field sensor that combines a superconducting flux-to-field transformer with a low-noise giant magnetoresistive sensor. The sensor can be operated up to 77 kelvin. Our small-size prototype provides the capability of measuring 32 fT.

1 SPEC/DRECAM, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
2 Elekta Neuromag Oy, P.O. Box 68, FIN-00511 Helsinki, Finland.
3 SFI Laboratory, Physics Department, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mp{at}drecam.saclay.cea.fr

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THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Zero- to low-field MRI with averaging of concomitant gradient fields.
C. A. Meriles, D. Sakellariou, A. H. Trabesinger, V. Demas, and A. Pines (2005)
PNAS 102, 1840-1842
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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)