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Originally published in Science Express on 12 February 2004
Science 27 February 2004:
Vol. 303. no. 5662, pp. 1364 - 1367
DOI: 10.1126/science.1092986
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Reports

Medicago truncatula DMI1 Required for Bacterial and Fungal Symbioses in Legumes

Jean-Michel Ané,1,2 György B. Kiss,1,3,4 Brendan K. Riely,1 R. Varma Penmetsa,1 Giles E. D. Oldroyd,5 Céline Ayax,2 Julien Lévy,2 Frédéric Debellé,2 Jong-Min Baek,6 Peter Kalo,3,4 Charles Rosenberg,2 Bruce A. Roe,7 Sharon R. Long,5 Jean Dénarié,2 Douglas R. Cook1*

Legumes form symbiotic associations with both mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria called rhizobia. Several of the plant genes required for transduction of rhizobial signals, the Nod factors, are also necessary for mycorrhizal symbiosis. Here, we describe the cloning and characterization of one such gene from the legume Medicago truncatula. The DMI1 (does not make infections) gene encodes a novel protein with low global similarity to a ligand-gated cation channel domain of archaea. The protein is highly conserved in angiosperms and ancestral to land plants. We suggest that DMI1 represents an ancient plant-specific innovation, potentially enabling mycorrhizal associations.

1 Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
2 Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, CNRS-INRA UMR215, Chemin de Borde Rouge BP27, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, Cedex, France.
3 Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6701 Szeged, Post Office Box 521, Hungary.
4 Institute of Genetics, Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, H-2100 Godollo, Hungary.
5 Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
6 College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Genomics Facility, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
7 Advanced Center for Genome Technology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: drcook{at}ucdavis.edu

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Plant Physiology 137, 1205-1210
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Plant Physiology 137, 1261-1271
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Pharmacological Evidence That Multiple Phospholipid Signaling Pathways Link Rhizobium Nodulation Factor Perception in Medicago truncatula Root Hairs to Intracellular Responses, Including Ca2+ Spiking and Specific ENOD Gene Expression.
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Plant Physiology 136, 3582-3593
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Plant Physiology 136, 3682-3691
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Unraveling the mystery of Nod factor signaling by a genomic approach in Medicago trunactula.
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   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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