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Originally published in Science Express on 22 January 2004
Science 27 February 2004:
Vol. 303. no. 5662, pp. 1352 - 1355
DOI: 10.1126/science.1093783
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Reports

Selective Differentiation of Neural Progenitor Cells by High-Epitope Density Nanofibers

Gabriel A. Silva,1*{dagger} Catherine Czeisler,2* Krista L. Niece,3 Elia Beniash,3 Daniel A. Harrington,3 John A. Kessler,2 Samuel I. Stupp1,3,4{ddagger}

Neural progenitor cells were encapsulated in vitro within a three-dimensional network of nanofibers formed by self-assembly of peptide amphiphile molecules. The self-assembly is triggered by mixing cell suspensions in media with dilute aqueous solutions of the molecules, and cells survive the growth of the nanofibers around them. These nanofibers were designed to present to cells the neurite-promoting laminin epitope IKVAV at nearly van der Waals density. Relative to laminin or soluble peptide, the artificial nanofiber scaffold induced very rapid differentiation of cells into neurons, while discouraging the development of astrocytes. This rapid selective differentiation is linked to the amplification of bioactive epitope presentation to cells by the nanofibers.

1 Institute for Bioengineering and Nanoscience in Advanced Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
2 Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
3 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
4 Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.


* These authors contributed equally to this work.

{dagger} Present address: Jacobs Retina Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093–0946, USA. E-mail: gsilva{at}ucsd.edu

{ddagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: s-stupp{at}northwestern.edu

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