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Science 5 December 2003:
Vol. 302. no. 5651, pp. 1704 - 1709
DOI: 10.1126/science.1092053
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Review

Cell Migration: Integrating Signals from Front to Back

Anne J. Ridley,1 Martin A. Schwartz,2 Keith Burridge,5 Richard A. Firtel,6 Mark H. Ginsberg,7 Gary Borisy,8 J. Thomas Parsons,3 Alan Rick Horwitz4

Cell migration is a highly integrated multistep process that orchestrates embryonic morphogenesis; contributes to tissue repair and regeneration; and drives disease progression in cancer, mental retardation, atherosclerosis, and arthritis. The migrating cell is highly polarized with complex regulatory pathways that spatially and temporally integrate its component processes. This review describes the mechanisms underlying the major steps of migration and the signaling pathways that regulate them, and outlines recent advances investigating the nature of polarity in migrating cells and the pathways that establish it.

1 Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Royal Free and University College School of Medicine, London W1W 7BS, UK.
2 Departments of Microbiology and Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Center and Mellon Prostate Cancer Research Institute; University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
3 Department of Microbiology; University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
4 Department of Cell Biology; University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
5 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
6 Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences and Center for Molecular Genetics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093–0634, USA.
7 Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
8 Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

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Rho/ROCK and myosin II control the polarized distribution of endocytic clathrin structures at the uropod of moving T lymphocytes.
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J. Cell Sci. 120, 3534-3543
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Functional interplay between endothelial nitric oxide synthase and membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase in migrating endothelial cells.
L. Genis, P. Gonzalo, A. S. Tutor, B. G. Galvez, A. Martinez-Ruiz, C. Zaragoza, S. Lamas, K. Tryggvason, S. S. Apte, and A. G. Arroyo (2007)
Blood 110, 2916-2923
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