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Science 30 May 2003:
Vol. 300. no. 5624, pp. 1413 - 1416
DOI: 10.1126/science.1083825
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Reports

A Bond-Fluctuation Mechanism for Stochastic Switching in Wired Molecules

Ganesh K. Ramachandran,1 Theresa J. Hopson,4 Adam M. Rawlett,5 Larry A. Nagahara,4 Alex Primak,2 Stuart M. Lindsay1,3

Stochastic on-off conductivity switching observed in phenylene-ethynylene oligomers has been explained in terms of changes in ring conformations, or electron localization, or both. We report the observation of stochastic on-off switching in the simplest of wired molecules: octanedithiol, decanedithiol, and dodecanedithiol bonded on an Au(111) surface. Stochastic switching was observed even when a top gold contact was pressed on by a conducting atomic force microscope tip at constant force. The rate of switching increased substantially at 60°C, a temperature at which these films are commonly annealed. Because such switching in alkanethiols is unlikely to be caused by internal molecular electronic changes and cannot be fully accounted for by breaking of the top contact, we argue that the cause is the well-known mobility of molecules tethered to gold via a thiol linkage.

1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
2 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
3 AzBiodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
4 Physical Sciences Research Laboratories, Motorola Labs, 7700 South River Parkway, Tempe, AZ 85284, USA.
5 U.S. Army Research Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD 21005, USA.

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)