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Science 11 April 2003:
Vol. 300. no. 5617, pp. 312 - 315
DOI: 10.1126/science.1081024
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Reports

Charge-Induced Reversible Strain in a Metal

J. Weissmüller,12* R. N. Viswanath,1 D. Kramer,1 P. Zimmer,2 R. Würschum,3 H. Gleiter1

Dimension changes on the order of 0.1% or above in response to an applied voltage have been reported for many types of materials, including ceramics, polymers, and carbon nanostructures, but not, so far, for metals. We show that reversible strain amplitudes comparable to those of commercial piezoceramics can be induced in metals by introducing a continuous network of nanometer-sized pores with a high surface area and by controlling the surface electronic charge density through an applied potential relative to an electrolyte impregnating the pores.

1 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut für Nanotechnologie, Karlsruhe, Germany.
2 Universität des Saarlandes, Fachrichtung Technische Physik, Saarbrücken, Germany.
3 Technische Universität Graz, Institut für Technische Physik, Graz, Austria.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Joerg.Weissmueller{at}int.fzk.de

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