Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 6 December 2002:
Vol. 298. no. 5600, pp. 1950 - 1954
DOI: 10.1126/science.1079478
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Review

Shaping the Vertebrate Body Plan by Polarized Embryonic Cell Movements

Ray Keller

Polarized cell movements shape the major features of the vertebrate body plan during development. The head-to-tail body axis of vertebrates is elongated in embryonic stages by "convergent extension" tissue movements. During these movements cells intercalate between one another transverse to the elongating body axis to form a narrower, longer array. Recent discoveries show that these polarized cell movements are controlled by homologs of genes that control the polarity of epithelial cells in the developing wing and eye of the fruit fly, Drosophila.

Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Secreted Frizzled-related proteins enhance the diffusion of Wnt ligands and expand their signalling range.
Y. Mii and M. Taira (2009)
Development 136, 4083-4088
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Centrosomal localization of Diversin and its relevance to Wnt signaling.
K. Itoh, A. Jenny, M. Mlodzik, and S. Y. Sokol (2009)
J. Cell Sci. 122, 3791-3798
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Thrombin induces fibronectin-specific migration of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells: requirement of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
D. F. Meoli and R. J. White (2009)
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 297, L706-L714
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Coated Vesicle-associated Kinase of 104 kDa (CVAK104) Induces Lysosomal Degradation of Frizzled 5 (Fzd5).
T. Terabayashi, Y. Funato, M. Fukuda, and H. Miki (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 26716-26724
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Collective cell migration in development.
C. J. Weijer (2009)
J. Cell Sci. 122, 3215-3223
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Morphology and Husbandry of the Large Milkweed Bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus.
P. Liu and T. C. Kaufman (2009)
CSH Protocols 2009, pdb.emo127
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Cell rearrangements, cell divisions and cell death in a migrating epithelial sheet in the abdomen of Drosophila.
M. Bischoff and Z. Cseresnyes (2009)
Development 136, 2403-2411
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An adhesion-independent, aPKC-dependent function for cadherins in morphogenetic movements.
K. Seifert, H. Ibrahim, T. Stodtmeister, R. Winklbauer, and C. M. Niessen (2009)
J. Cell Sci. 122, 2514-2523
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rho-regulated Myosin phosphatase establishes the level of protrusive activity required for cell movements during zebrafish gastrulation.
D. C. Weiser, R. H. Row, and D. Kimelman (2009)
Development 136, 2375-2384
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
PTK7 is essential for polarized cell motility and convergent extension during mouse gastrulation.
W. W. Yen, M. Williams, A. Periasamy, M. Conaway, C. Burdsal, R. Keller, X. Lu, and A. Sutherland (2009)
Development 136, 2039-2048
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Myosin II regulates extension, growth and patterning in the mammalian cochlear duct.
N. Yamamoto, T. Okano, X. Ma, R. S. Adelstein, and M. W. Kelley (2009)
Development 136, 1977-1986
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
From the Cover: Wnt/{beta}-Catenin and noncanonical Wnt signaling interact in tissue evagination in the simple eumetazoan Hydra.
I. Philipp, R. Aufschnaiter, S. Ozbek, S. Pontasch, M. Jenewein, H. Watanabe, F. Rentzsch, T. W. Holstein, and B. Hobmayer (2009)
PNAS 106, 4290-4295
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Wnt signaling pathways meet Rho GTPases.
K. Schlessinger, A. Hall, and N. Tolwinski (2009)
Genes & Dev. 23, 265-277
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Flamingo regulates epiboly and convergence/extension movements through cell cohesive and signalling functions during zebrafish gastrulation.
F. Carreira-Barbosa, M. Kajita, V. Morel, H. Wada, H. Okamoto, A. Martinez Arias, Y. Fujita, S. W. Wilson, and M. Tada (2009)
Development 136, 383-392
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Convergent extension movements and ciliary function are mediated by ofd1, a zebrafish orthologue of the human oral-facial-digital type 1 syndrome gene.
M. I. Ferrante, L. Romio, S. Castro, J. E. Collins, D. A. Goulding, D. L. Stemple, A. S. Woolf, and S. W. Wilson (2009)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 18, 289-303
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
FGF3 in the floor plate directs notochord convergent extension in the Ciona tadpole.
W. Shi, S. M. Peyrot, E. Munro, and M. Levine (2009)
Development 136, 23-28
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Neogenin and RGMa Control Neural Tube Closure and Neuroepithelial Morphology by Regulating Cell Polarity.
N. Kee, N. Wilson, M. De Vries, D. Bradford, B. Key, and H. M. Cooper (2008)
J. Neurosci. 28, 12643-12653
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Comparative Phosphoproteomics of Zebrafish Fyn/Yes Morpholino Knockdown Embryos.
S. Lemeer, C. Jopling, J. Gouw, S. Mohammed, A. J. R. Heck, M. Slijper, and J. den Hertog (2008)
Mol. Cell. Proteomics 7, 2176-2187
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Chemokine Signaling Controls Endodermal Migration During Zebrafish Gastrulation.
S. Nair and T. F. Schilling (2008)
Science 322, 89-92
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Convergence and extension at gastrulation require a myosin IIB-dependent cortical actin network.
P. Skoglund, A. Rolo, X. Chen, B. M. Gumbiner, and R. Keller (2008)
Development 135, 2435-2444
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dynamic determinations: patterning the cell behaviours that close the amphibian blastopore.
R. Keller and D. Shook (2008)
Phil Trans R Soc B 363, 1317-1332
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Calcium dynamics integrated into signalling pathways that influence vertebrate axial patterning.
C. M Freisinger, I. Schneider, T. A Westfall, and D. C Slusarski (2008)
Phil Trans R Soc B 363, 1377-1385
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Xenopus Paraxial Protocadherin regulates morphogenesis by antagonizing Sprouty.
Y. Wang, P. Janicki, I. Koster, C. D. Berger, C. Wenzl, J. Grosshans, and H. Steinbeisser (2008)
Genes & Dev. 22, 878-883
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cadherin switching.
M. J. Wheelock, Y. Shintani, M. Maeda, Y. Fukumoto, and K. R. Johnson (2008)
J. Cell Sci. 121, 727-735
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mechanism of activation of the Formin protein Daam1.
W. Liu, A. Sato, D. Khadka, R. Bharti, H. Diaz, L. W. Runnels, and R. Habas (2008)
PNAS 105, 210-215
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
chongmague reveals an essential role for laminin-mediated boundary formation in chordate convergence and extension movements.
M. T. Veeman, Y. Nakatani, C. Hendrickson, V. Ericson, C. Lin, and W. C. Smith (2008)
Development 135, 33-41
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A wave of EGFR signaling determines cell alignment and intercalation in the Drosophila tracheal placode.
M. Nishimura, Y. Inoue, and S. Hayashi (2007)
Development 134, 4273-4282
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The planar polarity pathway promotes coordinated cell migration during Drosophila oogenesis.
R. Bastock and D. Strutt (2007)
Development 134, 3055-3064
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Vertebrate Ctr1 coordinates morphogenesis and progenitor cell fate and regulates embryonic stem cell differentiation.
T. Haremaki, S. T. Fraser, Y.-M. Kuo, M. H. Baron, and D. C. Weinstein (2007)
PNAS 104, 12029-12034
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gravin regulates mesodermal cell behavior changes required for axis elongation during zebrafish gastrulation.
D. C. Weiser, U. J. Pyati, and D. Kimelman (2007)
Genes & Dev. 21, 1559-1571
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nephronophthisis-Associated Ciliopathies.
F. Hildebrandt and W. Zhou (2007)
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 18, 1855-1871
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of platelet-derived growth factor-induced Ras signaling by poliovirus receptor Necl-5 and negative growth regulator Sprouty2.
M. Kajita, W. Ikeda, Y. Tamaru, and Y. Takai (2007)
Genes Cells 12, 345-357
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Convergent extension, planar-cell-polarity signalling and initiation of mouse neural tube closure.
P. Ybot-Gonzalez, D. Savery, D. Gerrelli, M. Signore, C. E. Mitchell, C. H. Faux, N. D. E. Greene, and A. J. Copp (2007)
Development 134, 789-799
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mutation of TweedleD, a member of an unconventional cuticle protein family, alters body shape in Drosophila.
X. Guan, B. W. Middlebrooks, S. Alexander, and S. A. Wasserman (2006)
PNAS 103, 16794-16799
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Profilin is an effector for Daam1 in non-canonical Wnt signaling and is required for vertebrate gastrulation.
A. Sato, D. K. Khadka, W. Liu, R. Bharti, L. W. Runnels, I. B. Dawid, and R. Habas (2006)
Development 133, 4219-4231
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diversin regulates heart formation and gastrulation movements in development.
H. Moeller, A. Jenny, H.-J. Schaeffer, T. Schwarz-Romond, M. Mlodzik, M. Hammerschmidt, and W. Birchmeier (2006)
PNAS 103, 15900-15905
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Planar cell polarity, ciliogenesis and neural tube defects.
J. B. Wallingford (2006)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 15, R227-R234
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
N-cadherin is required for the polarized cell behaviors that drive neurulation in the zebrafish.
E. Hong and R. Brewster (2006)
Development 133, 3895-3905
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase Kinase GCKR Positively Regulates Canonical and Noncanonical Wnt Signaling in B Lymphocytes..
C.-S. Shi, N.-N. Huang, K. Harrison, S.-B. Han, and J. H. Kehrl (2006)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 6511-6521
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell and fibronectin dynamics during branching morphogenesis.
M. Larsen, C. Wei, and K. M. Yamada (2006)
J. Cell Sci. 119, 3376-3384
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mechanisms of elongation in embryogenesis.
R. Keller (2006)
Development 133, 2291-2302
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Video Views and Reviews: Neurulation and the Fashioning of the Vertebrate Central Nervous System.
C. Watters (2006)
CBE Life Sci Educ 5, 99-103
   Full Text »    PDF »
XNF-ATc3 affects neural convergent extension.
A. Borchers, Y. Fonar, D. Frank, and J. C. Baker (2006)
Development 133, 1745-1755
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dishevelled genes mediate a conserved mammalian PCP pathway to regulate convergent extension during neurulation.
J. Wang, N. S. Hamblet, S. Mark, M. E. Dickinson, B. C. Brinkman, N. Segil, S. E. Fraser, P. Chen, J. B. Wallingford, and A. Wynshaw-Boris (2006)
Development 133, 1767-1778
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
PR130 is a modulator of the Wnt-signaling cascade that counters repression of the antagonist Naked cuticle.
M. P. Creyghton, G. Roel, P. J. A. Eichhorn, L. C. Vredeveld, O. Destree, and R. Bernards (2006)
PNAS 103, 5397-5402
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The developmental biology of Dishevelled: an enigmatic protein governing cell fate and cell polarity.
J. B. Wallingford and R. Habas (2005)
Development 132, 4421-4436
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hair follicle renewal: organization of stem cells in the matrix and the role of stereotyped lineages and behaviors.
E. Legue and J.-F. Nicolas (2005)
Development 132, 4143-4154
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Essential roles of G{alpha}12/13 signaling in distinct cell behaviors driving zebrafish convergence and extension gastrulation movements.
F. Lin, D. S. Sepich, S. Chen, J. Topczewski, C. Yin, L. Solnica-Krezel, and H. Hamm (2005)
J. Cell Biol. 169, 777-787
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Essential role of non-canonical Wnt signalling in neural crest migration.
J. De Calisto, C. Araya, L. Marchant, C. F. Riaz, and R. Mayor (2005)
Development 132, 2587-2597
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The pro-apoptotic activity of a vertebrate Bar-like homeobox gene plays a key role in patterning the Xenopus neural plate by limiting the number of chordin- and shh-expressing cells.
N. Offner, N. Duval, M. Jamrich, and B. Durand (2005)
Development 132, 1807-1818
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Vangl2 Acts via RhoA Signaling to Regulate Polarized Cell Movements During Development of the Proximal Outflow Tract.
H. M. Phillips, J. N. Murdoch, B. Chaudhry, A. J. Copp, and D. J. Henderson (2005)
Circ. Res. 96, 292-299
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
PR72, a novel regulator of Wnt signaling required for Naked cuticle function.
M. P. Creyghton, G. Roel, P. J.A. Eichhorn, E. M. Hijmans, I. Maurer, O. Destree, and R. Bernards (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 376-386
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple rows of cells behind an epithelial wound edge extend cryptic lamellipodia to collectively drive cell-sheet movement.
R. Farooqui and G. Fenteany (2005)
J. Cell Sci. 118, 51-63
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Independent Mutations in Mouse Vangl2 That Cause Neural Tube Defects in Looptail Mice Impair Interaction with Members of the Dishevelled Family.
E. Torban, H.-J. Wang, N. Groulx, and P. Gros (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 52703-52713
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Spalt transcription factors are required for R3/R4 specification and establishment of planar cell polarity in the Drosophila eye.
P. M. Domingos, M. Mlodzik, C. S. Mendes, S. Brown, H. Steller, and B. Mollereau (2004)
Development 131, 5695-5702
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hedgehog and Decapentaplegic instruct polarized growth of cell extensions in the Drosophila trachea.
K. Kato, T. Chihara, and S. Hayashi (2004)
Development 131, 5253-5261
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Time-lapse and cell ablation reveal the role of cell interactions in fly glia migration and proliferation.
B. Aigouy, V. Van de Bor, M. Boeglin, and A. Giangrande (2004)
Development 131, 5127-5138
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diego interacts with Prickle and Strabismus/Van Gogh to localize planar cell polarity complexes.
G. Das, A. Jenny, T. J. Klein, S. Eaton, and M. Mlodzik (2004)
Development 131, 4467-4476
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A conserved signaling cassette regulates hair patterning from Drosophila to man.
T. J. Klein and M. Mlodzik (2004)
PNAS 101, 9173-9174
   Full Text »    PDF »
Guidance of mesoderm cell migration in the Xenopus gastrula requires PDGF signaling.
M. Nagel, E. Tahinci, K. Symes, and R. Winklbauer (2004)
Development 131, 2727-2736
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nectin-like Molecule-5/Tage4 Enhances Cell Migration in an Integrin-dependent, Nectin-3-independent Manner.
W. Ikeda, S. Kakunaga, K. Takekuni, T. Shingai, K. Satoh, K. Morimoto, M. Takeuchi, T. Imai, and Y. Takai (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 18015-18025
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inhibition of the cell cycle is required for convergent extension of the paraxial mesoderm during Xenopus neurulation.
W. F. Leise III and P. R. Mueller (2004)
Development 131, 1703-1715
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis of Human Par Protein Complexes Reveals an Interconnected Protein Network.
M. Brajenovic, G. Joberty, B. Kuster, T. Bouwmeester, and G. Drewes (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 12804-12811
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Slb/Wnt11 controls hypoblast cell migration and morphogenesis at the onset of zebrafish gastrulation.
F. Ulrich, M. L. Concha, P. J. Heid, E. Voss, S. Witzel, H. Roehl, M. Tada, S. W. Wilson, R. J. Adams, D. R. Soll, et al. (2003)
Development 130, 5375-5384
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Breaking Cellular Symmetry along Planar Axes in Drosophila and Vertebrates.
T. Uemura and Y. Shimada (2003)
J. Biochem. 134, 625-630
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Frizzled signalling and cell polarisation in Drosophila and vertebrates.
D. Strutt (2003)
Development 130, 4501-4513
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Embryo morphogenesis: getting down to cells and molecules.
L. Solnica-Krezel and S. Eaton (2003)
Development 130, 4229-4233
   Full Text »    PDF »
Visualizing Signals Moving in Cells.
C. J. Weijer (2003)
Science 300, 96-100
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)