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Science 25 October 2002:
Vol. 298. no. 5594, pp. 807 - 811
DOI: 10.1126/science.1076652
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Reports

Ideal Pure Shear Strength of Aluminum and Copper

Shigenobu Ogata,123 Ju Li,14 Sidney Yip1*

Although aluminum has a smaller modulus in {111}<11<A><AC>2</AC><AC>&cjs1171;</AC></A>> shear than that of copper, we find by first-principles calculation that its ideal shear strength is larger because of a more extended deformation range before softening. This fundamental behavior, along with an abnormally high intrinsic stacking fault energy and a different orientation dependence on pressure hardening, are traced to the directional nature of its bonding. By a comparative analysis of ion relaxations and valence charge redistributions in aluminum and copper, we arrive at contrasting descriptions of bonding characteristics in these two metals that can explain their relative strength and deformation behavior.

1 Department of Nuclear Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Systems,
3 Handai Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
4 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: syip{at}mit.edu

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