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Science 24 May 2002:
Vol. 296. no. 5572, pp. 1410 - 1411
DOI: 10.1126/science.1072492
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Perspectives

HIV/AIDS:
HLA Leaves Its Footprints on HIV

Andrew McMichael and Paul Klenerman

That HIV is able to escape the antibody response of the human immune system is well established. In a Perspective, McMichael and Klenerman explain new work (Moore et al.) providing evidence that HIV is able to mutate crucial epitopes, thus enabling the virus also to evade the host CTL immune response.

A. McMichael is at the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK. E-mail: andrew.mcmichael{at}clinical-medicine.oxford.ac.uk P. Klenerman is with the Medawar Centre for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 IS5, UK.

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THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
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An Integrative Bioinformatic Approach for Studying Escape Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gag in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort.
H. O. Peters, M. G. Mendoza, R. E. Capina, M. Luo, X. Mao, M. Gubbins, N. J. D. Nagelkerke, I. MacArthur, B. B. Sheardown, J. Kimani, et al. (2008)
J. Virol. 82, 1980-1992
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Compensatory Mutation Partially Restores Fitness and Delays Reversion of Escape Mutation within the Immunodominant HLA-B*5703-Restricted Gag Epitope in Chronic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection.
H. Crawford, J. G. Prado, A. Leslie, S. Hue, I. Honeyborne, S. Reddy, M. van der Stok, Z. Mncube, C. Brander, C. Rousseau, et al. (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 8346-8351
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Availability of a Diversely Avid CD8+ T Cell Repertoire Specific for the Subdominant HLA-A2-Restricted HIV-1 Gag p2419-27 Epitope.
K. L. Schaubert, D. A. Price, N. Frahm, J. Li, H. L. Ng, A. Joseph, E. Paul, B. Majumder, V. Ayyavoo, E. Gostick, et al. (2007)
J. Immunol. 178, 7756-7766
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Precise Identification of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Antigen Processing Mutant.
P. Zimbwa, A. Milicic, J. Frater, T. J. Scriba, A. Willis, P. J. R. Goulder, T. Pillay, H. Gunthard, J. N. Weber, H.-T. Zhang, et al. (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 2031-2038
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First Glimpse of the Peptide Presentation by Rhesus Macaque MHC Class I: Crystal Structures of Mamu-A*01 Complexed with Two Immunogenic SIV Epitopes and Insights into CTL Escape.
F. Chu, Z. Lou, Y. W. Chen, Y. Liu, B. Gao, L. Zong, A. H. Khan, J. I. Bell, Z. Rao, and G. F. Gao (2007)
J. Immunol. 178, 944-952
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Differential Selection Pressure Exerted on HIV by CTL Targeting Identical Epitopes but Restricted by Distinct HLA Alleles from the Same HLA Supertype.
A. Leslie, D. A. Price, P. Mkhize, K. Bishop, A. Rathod, C. Day, H. Crawford, I. Honeyborne, T. E. Asher, G. Luzzi, et al. (2006)
J. Immunol. 177, 4699-4708
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Passive Sexual Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Variants and Adaptation in New Hosts.
A. J. Frater, C. T. T. Edwards, N. McCarthy, J. Fox, H. Brown, A. Milicic, N. Mackie, T. Pillay, J. W. Drijfhout, S. Dustan, et al. (2006)
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Rapid Viral Escape at an Immunodominant Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitope Exacts a Dramatic Fitness Cost.
C. S. Fernandez, I. Stratov, R. De Rose, K. Walsh, C. J. Dale, M. Z. Smith, M. B. Agy, S.-l. Hu, K. Krebs, D. I. Watkins, et al. (2005)
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The Majority of Currently Circulating Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Clade B Viruses Fail To Prime Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses against an Otherwise Immunodominant HLA-A2-Restricted Epitope: Implications for Vaccine Design.
M. Altfeld, T. M. Allen, E. T. Kalife, N. Frahm, M. M. Addo, B. R. Mothe, A. Rathod, L. L. Reyor, J. Harlow, X. G. Yu, et al. (2005)
J. Virol. 79, 5000-5005
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Transmission and accumulation of CTL escape variants drive negative associations between HIV polymorphisms and HLA.
A. Leslie, D. Kavanagh, I. Honeyborne, K. Pfafferott, C. Edwards, T. Pillay, L. Hilton, C. Thobakgale, D. Ramduth, R. Draenert, et al. (2005)
J. Exp. Med. 201, 891-902
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HIV: An Ever-Moving Target.
(2002)
Journal Watch Infectious Diseases 2002, 1
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