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Science 10 May 2002:
Vol. 296. no. 5570, pp. 1071 - 1077
DOI: 10.1126/science.1010716
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Review
Geomicrobiology: How Molecular-Scale Interactions Underpin Biogeochemical Systems
Dianne K. Newman,1
Jillian F. Banfield2
Microorganisms populate every habitable environment
on Earth and, through their metabolic activity, affect the chemistry
and physical properties of their surroundings. They have done this for
billions of years. Over the past decade, genetic, biochemical, and
genomic approaches have allowed us to document the diversity of
microbial life in geologic systems without cultivation, as well as to
begin to elucidate their function. With expansion of culture-independent analyses of microbial communities, it will be
possible to quantify gene activity at the species level. Genome-enabled biogeochemical modeling may provide an opportunity to determine how
communities function, and how they shape and are shaped by their
environments.
1 Division of Geological and Planetary
Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
2 Departments of Earth and Planetary Science and
Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of
California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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