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Science 15 February 2002:
Vol. 295. no. 5558, pp. 1272 - 1275
DOI: 10.1126/science.1065080
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Reports
A Microphysical Connection Among Biomass Burning, Cumulus Clouds, and Stratospheric Moisture
Steven Sherwood
A likely causal chain is established here that connects humidity in
the stratosphere, relative humidity near the tropical tropopause, ice
crystal size in towering cumulus clouds, and aerosols associated with
tropical biomass burning. The connections are revealed in
satellite-observed fluctuations of each quantity on monthly to yearly
time scales. More aerosols lead to smaller ice crystals and more water
vapor entering the stratosphere. The connections are consistent with
physical reasoning, probably hold on longer time scales, and may help
to explain why stratospheric water vapor appears to have been
increasing for the past five decades.
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New
Haven, CT 06520, USA. E-mail: steven.sherwood{at}yale.edu
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THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
- From the Cover: Short circuit of water vapor and polluted air to the global stratosphere by convective transport over the Tibetan Plateau.
- R. Fu, Y. Hu, J. S. Wright, J. H. Jiang, R. E. Dickinson, M. Chen, M. Filipiak, W. G. Read, J. W. Waters, and D. L. Wu (2006)
PNAS
103, 5664-5669
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- Evidence for the Predominance of Mid-Tropospheric Aerosols as Subtropical Anvil Cloud Nuclei.
- A. M. Fridlind, A. S. Ackerman, E. J. Jensen, A. J. Heymsfield, M. R. Poellot, D. E. Stevens, D. Wang, L. M. Miloshevich, D. Baumgardner, R. P. Lawson, et al. (2004)
Science
304, 718-722
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- Smoking Rain Clouds over the Amazon.
- M. O. Andreae, D. Rosenfeld, P. Artaxo, A. A. Costa, G. P. Frank, K. M. Longo, and M. A. F. Silva-Dias (2004)
Science
303, 1337-1342
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