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Science 17 November 2000:
Vol. 290. no. 5495, pp. 1351 - 1354
DOI: 10.1126/science.290.5495.1351
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Reports
Protection Against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Resulting from Bites of Uninfected Sand Flies
Shaden Kamhawi,1
Yasmine Belkaid,1
Govind Modi,1
Edgar Rowton,2
David Sacks1*
Despite the fact that Leishmania are transmitted
exclusively by sand flies, none of the experimental models of
leishmaniasis have established infection via sand fly bites. Here we
describe a reproducible murine model of Leishmania major
infection transmitted by Phlebotomus papatasi. Prior
exposure of mice to bites of uninfected sand flies conferred powerful
protection against Leishmania major that was associated with
a strong delayed-type hypersensitivity response and with interferon-
production at the site of parasite delivery. These results have
important implications for the epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis
and suggest a vaccination strategy against this and possibly other
vector-borne diseases.
1 Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute
of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
2 Department of Entomology, Walter
Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dsacks{at}nih.gov
Read the Full Text
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
- In Vivo Imaging Reveals an Essential Role for Neutrophils in Leishmaniasis Transmitted by Sand Flies.
- N. C. Peters, J. G. Egen, N. Secundino, A. Debrabant, N. Kimblin, S. Kamhawi, P. Lawyer, M. P. Fay, R. N. Germain, and D. Sacks (2008)
Science
321, 970-974
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- Immunity to a salivary protein of a sand fly vector protects against the fatal outcome of visceral leishmaniasis in a hamster model.
- R. Gomes, C. Teixeira, M. J. Teixeira, F. Oliveira, M. J. Menezes, C. Silva, C. I. de Oliveira, J. C. Miranda, D.-E. Elnaiem, S. Kamhawi, et al. (2008)
PNAS
105, 7845-7850
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- Uninfected Mosquito Bites Confer Protection against Infection with Malaria Parasites.
- M. J. Donovan, A. S. Messmore, D. A. Scrafford, D. L. Sacks, S. Kamhawi, and M. A. McDowell (2007)
Infect. Immun.
75, 2523-2530
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- EFFECT OF LUTZOMYIA LONGIPALPIS SALIVARY GLAND EXTRACTS ON LEUKOCYTE MIGRATION INDUCED BY LEISHMANIA MAJOR.
- M. C. MONTEIRO, H. C. LIMA, A. A. A. SOUZA, R. G. TITUS, P. R. T. ROMAO, and F. DE QUEIROZ CUNHA (2007)
Am J Trop Med Hyg
76, 88-94
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- Tsetse Fly Saliva Accelerates the Onset of Trypanosoma brucei Infection in a Mouse Model Associated with a Reduced Host Inflammatory Response.
- G. Caljon, J. Van Den Abbeele, B. Stijlemans, M. Coosemans, P. De Baetselier, and S. Magez (2006)
Infect. Immun.
74, 6324-6330
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- Saliva from Lutzomyia longipalpis Induces CC Chemokine Ligand 2/Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Expression and Macrophage Recruitment.
- C. R. Teixeira, M. J. Teixeira, R. B. B. Gomes, C. S. Santos, B. B. Andrade, I. Raffaele-Netto, J. S. Silva, A. Guglielmotti, J. C. Miranda, A. Barral, et al. (2005)
J. Immunol.
175, 8346-8353
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- INFLAMMATORY CELL INFILTRATION AND HIGH ANTIBODY PRODUCTION IN BALB/c MICE CAUSED BY NATURAL EXPOSURE TO LUTZOMYIA LONGIPALPIS BITES.
- F. SILVA, R. GOMES, D. PRATES, J. C. MIRANDA, B. ANDRADE, M. BARRAL-NETTO, and A. BARRAL (2005)
Am J Trop Med Hyg
72, 94-98
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- Identification of the most abundant secreted proteins from the salivary glands of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis, vector of Leishmania chagasi.
- J. G. Valenzuela, M. Garfield, E. D. Rowton, and V. M. Pham (2004)
J. Exp. Biol.
207, 3717-3729
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- Sand Fly Saliva Enhances Leishmania amazonensis Infection by Modulating Interleukin-10 Production.
- N. B. Norsworthy, J. Sun, D. Elnaiem, G. Lanzaro, and L. Soong (2004)
Infect. Immun.
72, 1240-1247
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- Lutzomyia longipalpis Salivary Gland Homogenate Impairs Cytokine Production and Costimulatory Molecule Expression on Human Monocytes and Dendritic Cells.
- D. J. Costa, C. Favali, J. Clarencio, L. Afonso, V. Conceicao, J. C. Miranda, R. G. Titus, J. Valenzuela, M. Barral-Netto, A. Barral, et al. (2004)
Infect. Immun.
72, 1298-1305
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- ANTIGENIC DIVERSITY IN MAXADILAN, A SALIVARY PROTEIN FROM THE SAND FLY VECTOR OF AMERICAN VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS.
- R. S. MILLERON, J.-P. MUTEBI, S. VALLE, A. MONTOYA, H. YIN, L. SOONG, and G. C. LANZARO (2004)
Am J Trop Med Hyg
70, 286-293
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- The Role of Interleukin (IL)-10 in the Persistence of Leishmania major in the Skin after Healing and the Therapeutic Potential of Anti-IL-10 Receptor Antibody for Sterile Cure.
- Y. Belkaid, K. F. Hoffmann, S. Mendez, S. Kamhawi, M. C. Udey, T. A. Wynn, and D. L. Sacks (2001)
J. Exp. Med.
194, 1497-1506
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- Sandfly Maxadilan Exacerbates Infection with Leishmania major and Vaccinating Against It Protects Against L. major Infection.
- R. V. Morris, C. B. Shoemaker, J. R. David, G. C. Lanzaro, and R. G. Titus (2001)
J. Immunol.
167, 5226-5230
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- Leishmaniasis Vaccination: Targeting the Source of Infection.
- S. G. Reed (2001)
J. Exp. Med.
194, F7-F10
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- Toward a Defined Anti-Leishmania Vaccine Targeting Vector Antigens: Characterization of a Protective Salivary Protein.
- J. G. Valenzuela, Y. Belkaid, M. K. Garfield, S. Mendez, S. Kamhawi, E. D. Rowton, D. L. Sacks, and J. M.C. Ribeiro (2001)
J. Exp. Med.
194, 331-342
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- Get a Good Bite.
- (2001)
Journal Watch Dermatology
2001, 3
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- Bites of Uninfected Sand Flies Protect Against Leishmaniasis.
- (2001)
Journal Watch Infectious Diseases
2001, 5
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