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Science 19 May 2000:
Vol. 288. no. 5469, pp. 1215 - 1223
DOI: 10.1126/science.288.5469.1215
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Research Articles
Rocks from the Mantle Transition Zone: Majorite-Bearing Xenoliths from Malaita, Southwest Pacific
Kenneth D. Collerson,
1*
Sarath Hapugoda,
1
Balz S. Kamber,
1
Quentin Williams
2
Rocks containing high-pressure mineral assemblages derived from the
mantle transition zone between depths of about 400 and 670 kilometers
occur as xenoliths and megacrysts on the island of Malaita in the
southwest Pacific on the Ontong Java Plateau. Observed ultrahigh
pressure mineral chemistries include majorite, calcium- and
magnesium-perovskite, aluminous silicate phases, and microdiamond.
Based on an empirical barometer, majoritic garnets in these xenoliths
record pressures of up to 22 gigapascal. The occurrence of material
with perovskite chemistry and several enigmatic aluminous phases
indicates pressures of up to 27 gigapascal. Samples were brought to the
surface at about 34 million years ago by potassic ultramafic magmas,
which evidently originated in the lower mantle.
1 Department of Earth Sciences, The University
of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
2 Department of Earth Sciences, University of
California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
k.collerson{at}mailbox.uq.edu.au
Read the Full Text
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
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- (2005)
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- Layered Lithospheric Mantle Beneath the Ontong Java Plateau: Implications from Xenoliths in Alnoite, Malaita, Solomon Islands.
- A. ISHIKAWA, S. MARUYAMA, and T. KOMIYA (2004)
J. Petrology
45, 2011-2044
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- On the formation of peridotite-derived Os-rich PGE alloys.
- F. E. Brenker, F. E. Brenker, A. Meibom, and R. Frei (2003)
American Mineralogist
88, 1731-1740
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- Lamproites from Gaussberg, Antarctica: Possible Transition Zone Melts of Archaean Subducted Sediments.
- D. T. MURPHY, K. D. COLLERSON, and B. S. KAMBER (2002)
J. Petrology
43, 981-1001
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- "Majorite" and "Silicate Perovskite" Mineral Compositions in Xenoliths from Malaita.
- C. R. Neal, S. E. Haggerty, V. Sautter, K. D. Collerson, S. Hapugoda, B. S. Kamber, and Q. Williams (2001)
Science
292, 1015a-1015
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- Potential host phase of aluminum and potassium in the Earth's lower mantle.
- N. Miyajima, T. Yagi, K. Hirose, T. Kondo, K. Fujino, and H. Miura (2001)
American Mineralogist
86, 740-746
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- Rapid Kimberlite Ascent and the Significance of Ar-Ar Ages in Xenolith Phlogopites.
- S. P. Kelley and J-A. Wartho (2000)
Science
289, 609-611
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