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Science 14 April 2000:
Vol. 288. no. 5464, pp. 333 - 335
DOI: 10.1126/science.288.5464.333
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Reports

Convergence of the Secretory Pathways for Cholera Toxin and the Filamentous Phage, CTX&phgr;

Brigid M. Davis, 1 Elise H. Lawson, 1 Maria Sandkvist, 2 Afsar Ali, 3 Shanmuga Sozhamannan, 3 Matthew K. Waldor 1*

Virulence of Vibrio cholerae depends on secretion of cholera toxin (CT), which is encoded within the genome of a filamentous phage, CTXphi . Release of CT is mediated by the extracellular protein secretion (eps) type II secretion system. Here, the outer membrane component of this system, EpsD, was shown to be required for secretion of the phage as well. Thus, EpsD plays a role both in pathogenicity and in horizontal transfer of a key virulence gene. Genomic analysis suggests that additional filamentous phages also exploit chromosome-encoded outer membrane channels.

1 Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
2 Department of Biochemistry, American Red Cross, Holland Laboratory, Rockville, MD 20855, USA.
3 Division of Hospital Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mwaldor{at}lifespan.org

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